Physicochemical properties and fermentation characteristics of a novel polysaccharide degraded from residues polysaccharide.

() residues polysaccharide (FVRP) is a high molecular weight polysaccharide with diverse bioactivities extracted from residues (FVR). However, high molecular weight polysaccharides have been shown to face significant challenges in crossing the cell membrane barrier, thereby limiting their absorption and application in the body. Therefore, an ultrasonic-assisted HO-Fe method was employed for the first time to degrade FVRP, resulting in the production of a new polysaccharide, FVRPF.

Validation and psychometric properties of the bipolar prodrome symptom interview and scale-full prospective Chinese version to assess individuals at risk for bipolar disorder.

Background: Bipolar disorder (BD) is a chronic, severe mental illness with a significant socio-economic burden. The early recognition of BD requires reliable and valid instruments.

Objective: We evaluated the psychometric attributes of the Bipolar Prodrome Symptom Interview and Scale-Full Prospective (BPSS-FP)-Chinese version.

Design, preclinical evaluation, and first-in-human PET study of [Ga]Ga-PSFA-01: a PSMA/FAP heterobivalent tracer.

Purpose: Prostate cancer (PCa), characterized by tumor heterogeneity, may exhibit low or absent prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) expression in cancerous lesions, limiting the detection sensitivity of monospecific probes. Given that fibroblast activation protein (FAP) is frequently overexpressed in the tumor microenvironment (TME), we developed a PSMA/FAP dual-targeting tracer to address this limitation.

Methods: The precursor (PSFA-01) was synthesized by coupling a quinolone-based FAP-targeting scaffold and EuK with HBED-CC via amide bonds.

Comprehensive evaluation of Flammulina velutipes residues polysaccharide based on in vitro digestion and human fecal fermentation.

Flammulina velutipes residues (FVR) are the waste culture medium derived from the collection of Flammulina velutipes fruiting bodies, with an annual output that remains largely unexplored. The characteristics of digestion and fermentation of Flammulina velutipes residues polysaccharide (FVRP) are still relatively unknown. This study investigated the structure of the gut microbiota through 16 s rDNA gene sequencing and analyzed changes in short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) content via targeted metabolome analysis.

Progress in the Study of Natural Antimicrobial Active Substances in .

The prevalence of antimicrobial resistance reduces the effectiveness of antimicrobial drugs in the prevention and treatment of infectious diseases caused by pathogens such as bacteria, fungi, and viruses. Microbial secondary metabolites have been recognized as important sources for new drug discovery and development, yielding a wide range of structurally novel and functionally diverse antimicrobial drugs for the treatment of a variety of diseases that are considered good producers of novel antimicrobial drugs. Bacteria produce a wide variety of antimicrobial compounds, and thus, antibiotics derived from natural products still dominate over purely synthetic antibiotics among the antimicrobial drugs developed and introduced over the last four decades.

A Representation Learning Approach for Predicting circRNA Back-Splicing Event via Sequence-Interaction-Aware Dual Encoder.

Circular RNAs (circRNAs) play a crucial role in gene regulation and association with diseases because of their unique closed continuous loop structure, which is more stable and conserved than ordinary linear RNAs. As fundamental work to clarify their functions, a large number of computational approaches for identifying circRNA formation have been proposed. However, these methods fail to fully utilize the important characteristics of back-splicing events, i.

Respiratory physiological mechanism of two types of equal-intensity inspiratory muscle training in stable patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the respiratory physiological changes resulting from short-term inspiratory resistance training (R-IMT) and inspiratory threshold training (T-IMT) in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and to compare the mechanisms of the two training methods.

Patients And Methods: A total of 75 stable patients with COPD combined with inspiratory muscle weakness were randomly allocated to three groups: R-IMT (n = 26), T-IMT (n = 24), and control (n = 25). Before and after 8 weeks of inspiratory muscle training(IMT), cardiopulmonary exercise tests were conducted to assess respiratory patterns, respiratory central drive, exercise tolerance, and ventilation efficiency.

Tumor micro-environment induced TRAIL secretion from engineered macrophages for anti-tumor therapy.

The high plasticity and long-term persistency make macrophages excellent vehicles for delivering anti-tumor cytokines. Macrophage delivery of chemokines and cytokines shows potential in tumor therapy. TRAIL, a promising anti-tumor cytokine, induces apoptosis in tumor cells with low toxicity to normal cells.

Prokaryotic Expression and Functional Verification of Antimicrobial Peptide LR.

The antimicrobial peptide LR (LLRLLRRGGRRLLRLL-NH2) was designed and chemically synthesized in a study conducted by Jia et al. Gram-negative bacteria were found to be sensitive to LR and exhibited a high therapeutic index. Genetic engineering methods were used to create the prokaryotic fusion expression vector pQE-GFP-LR, and the resulting corresponding fusion protein GFP-LR was subsequently expressed and purified.

Ultrasonic-assisted extraction of a low molecular weight polysaccharide from Nostoc commune Vaucher and its structural characterization and immunomodulatory activity.

In the current study, a novel crude polysaccharide (cNCEP) was extracted from N. commune Vaucher utilizing ultrasonic-assisted extraction (UAE) with 60 % ethanol, employing response surface methodology. The optimal yield of cNCEP was determined to be 8.

The value of gallium-68 prostate-specific membrane antigen PET/CT and 2-[18F]fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose PET/CT in the detection of thyroid cancer lesions: a prospective head-to-head comparison.

Objective: Thyroid cancer is increasing in incidence. Prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) targeted radionuclide imaging and treatment demonstrated remarkable value in prostate cancer patients. Studies have shown that PSMA is also expressed in thyroid cancer.

GPC3-targeted CAR-M cells exhibit potent antitumor activity against hepatocellular carcinoma.

Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-modified macrophages are a promising treatment for solid tumor. So far the potential effects of CAR-M cell therapy have rarely been investigated in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Glypican-3 (GPC3) is a biomarker for a variety of malignancies, including liver cancer, which is not expressed in most adult tissues.

The distinct effects of fearful and disgusting scenes on self-relevant face recognition.

Self-face recognition denotes the process by which a person can recognize their own face by distinguishing it from another's face. Although many research studies have explored the inhibition effect of negative information on self-relevant face processing, few researchers have examined whether negative scenes influence self-relevant face processing. Fearful and disgusting scenes are typical negative scenes, but little research to data has examined their discriminative effects on self-relevant face recognition.

Genipin improves obesity through promoting bile secretion and changing bile acids composition in diet-induced obese rats.

Objectives: Bile acids (BAs), as signaling molecules to regulate metabolism, have received considerable attention. Genipin is an iridoid compound extracted from Fructus Gradeniae, which has been shown to relieve adiposity and metabolic syndrome. Here, we investigated the mechanism of genipin counteracting obesity and its relationship with BAs signals in diet-induced obese (DIO) rats.

Putative Risk Biomarkers of Bipolar Disorder in At-risk Youth.

Bipolar disorder is a highly heritable and functionally impairing disease. The recognition and intervention of BD especially that characterized by early onset remains challenging. Risk biomarkers for predicting BD transition among at-risk youth may improve disease prognosis.

Relieves Gut Inflammation Caused by through Inflammation Modulation and Gut Microbiota Regulation.

The emergence of multi-drug-resistant (MDR) pathogens has considerably challenged the development of new drugs. Probiotics that inhibit MDR pathogens offer advantages over chemical antibiotics and drugs due to their increased safety and fewer side effects. This study reported that P-8 isolated from pickles showed excellent antibacterial activity against intestinal pathogens, particularly the antibacterial activity against MDR B2 was the highest.

Primary hyperparathyroidism: predictors of sporadic multi-gland disease.

In this review, we discuss the definition, prevalence, and etiology of sporadic multiglandular disease (MGD), with an emphasis on its preoperative and intraoperative predictors. Primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) is the third-most common endocrine disorder, and multiglandular parathyroid disease (MGD) is a cause of PHPT. Hereditary MGD can be definitively diagnosed with detailed family history and genetic testing, whereas sporadic MGD presents a greater challenge in clinical practice, and parathyroidectomy for MGD is associated with a higher risk of surgical failure than single gland disease (SGD).

Prognostic analysis of high-flow nasal cannula therapy and non-invasive ventilation in mild to moderate hypoxemia patients and construction of a machine learning model for 48-h intubation prediction-a retrospective analysis of the MIMIC database.

Background: This study aims to investigate the clinical outcome between high-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) and non-invasive ventilation (NIV) therapy in mild to moderate hypoxemic patients on the first ICU day and to develop a predictive model of 48-h intubation.

Methods: The study included adult patients from the MIMIC III and IV databases who first initiated HFNC or NIV therapy due to mild to moderate hypoxemia (100 < PaO2/FiO2 ≤ 300). The 48-h and 30-day intubation rates were compared using cross-sectional and survival analysis.

Predicting epithelial ovarian cancer prognosis: correlation of posttreatment F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography-computed tomography metabolic parameters, serum carbohydrate antigen, and human epididymis protein levels with overall survival.

Background: Identifying reliable prognostic indicators can aid in improving patient care. The aim of this study was to establish the association of F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography-computed tomography (F-FDG PET/CT) whole-body metabolic parameters, serum carbohydrate antigen 125 (CA125), and human epididymis protein 4 (HE4) with overall survival (OS) in patients with epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) after surgery combined with platinum-based chemotherapy.

Methods: From May 2014 to May 2019, a total of 79 patients with EOC who underwent posttreatment F-FDG PET/CT in the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University were included.

'Let's Talk About Children' family focused practice for children of parents with schizophrenia and bipolar disorder: protocol for a randomized controlled trial.

Introduction: 'Let's Talk About Children' is a brief family focused intervention developed to improve mental health outcomes of children of parents with mental illness (COPMI). This study aims to assess the efficacy of LTC in improving mental health of children of parents with schizophrenia or bipolar disorder in China.

Methods: The planned study is a multicentre parallel group randomized wait-list controlled trial.

Altered HCAR3 expression may underlying the blunted niacin responses of the psychiatric disorders and the risk of schizophrenia.

Aim: Blunted niacin response (BNR) was an endophenotype of schizophrenia, but the underlying mechanism remains unclarified. The objective of this study was to verify whether genes associated with BNR pathway constitute the genetic basis and the pathological mechanism of BNR phenotypic psychiatric patients.

Methods: Two independent sample sets consisting of 971 subjects were enrolled in this study.

Identification of circulating miRNA as early diagnostic molecular markers in malignant glioblastoma base on decision tree joint scoring algorithm.

Purpose: The lack of clinical markers prevents early diagnosis of glioblastoma (GBM). Many studies have found that circulating microRNAs (miRNAs) can be used as early diagnostic markers of malignant tumours. Therefore, the identification of novel circulating miRNA biomolecular markers could be beneficial to clinicians in the early diagnosis of GBM.

The protective effect of Nostoc commune Vauch. polysaccharide on alcohol-induced acute alcoholic liver disease and gut microbiota disturbance in mice.

Background: In recent years, the incidence of alcoholic liver disease (ALD) has gradually increased, the development of ALD is attached great attentions. Nostoc commune Vauch. polysaccharide (NCVP) is beneficial to maintain the gut health, but the protective effect of NCVP on the liver has not been reported yet.