FDG PET/CT in ALK-positive Histiocytosis of the Nasal Cavity in a Pediatric Patient.

Anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK)-positive histiocytosis is a rare newly recognized subtype of histiocytic neoplasms. The disease can involve multiple systems or single system. We present FDG PET/CT findings in a pediatric patient with ALK-positive histiocytosis isolated to the left nasal cavity.

Synthesis and preclinical evaluation of a novel probe [F]AlF-NOTA-IPB-GPC3P for PET imaging of GPC3 positive tumor.

Glypican-3 (GPC3) is markedly overexpressed in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and not expressed in normal liver tissues. In this study, a novel peptide PET imaging agent ([F]AlF-NOTA-IPB-GPC3P) was developed to target GPC3 expressed in tumors. The overall radiochemical yield of [F]AlF-NOTA-IPB-GPC3P was 10-15 %, and its lipophilicity, expressed as the logD value at a pH of 7.

Lu-Labeled Bivalent Ligands of Prostate-Specific Membrane Antigen for Endoradiotherapy of Prostate Cancer.

Recently, we developed a bivalent prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) radioligand ([F]AlF-Bi-PSMA), which showed higher tumor uptake and retention in PSMA-positive mouse models than the clinically used radioligands, [Ga]Ga-PSMA-11 and [F]PSMA-1007. Here, we developed two Lu-labeled bivalent PSMA ligands with (DOTA-Alb-Bi-PSMA) or without an albumin-binding motif (DOTA-Bi-PSMA) to enhance radiotherapeutic efficacy with minimal toxicity. The results demonstrated that both Lu-labeled bivalent radioligands showed good stability, high binding affinity, and PSMA-targeting specificity in vitro.

Radiosynthesis, preclinical evaluation and pilot clinical PET imaging study of a F-labeled tracer targeting fibroblast activation protein.

Fibroblast activation protein (FAP) is a promising molecular target for imaging in various types of cancers. Several F-labeled FAP inhibitor (FAPI) tracers have been evaluated in clinical study. However, these tracers display high physiological uptake in gallbladder and bile duct system.

A comparative F-FDG and an anti-PD-L1 probe PET/CT imaging of implant-associated osteomyelitis.

Background: Early and accurate diagnosis of infection-induced osteomyelitis, which often involves increased PD-L1 expression, is crucial for better treatment outcomes. Radiolabeled anti-PD-L1 nuclear imaging allows for sensitive and non-invasive whole-body assessments of PD-L1 expression. This study aimed to compare the efficacy of F-FDG and an F-labeled PD-L1-binding peptide probe (F-PD-L1P) in PET imaging of implant-associated Staphylococcus aureus osteomyelitis (IAOM).

Noninvasive imaging of FAP expression using positron emission tomography: A comparative evaluation of a [F]-labeled glycopeptide-containing FAPI with [F]FAPI-42.

Purpose: Research on fibroblast activating protein (FAP)-targeting inhibitor (FAPI) has become an important focus for cancer imaging and radiotherapy. Quinoline-based tracers [ Ga]FAPI-04 and [F]FAPI-42 have been widely used for positron emission tomography (PET) imaging of most tumors. However, there exist some limitations of these tracers with high uptake in biliary duct system and unstable uptake in pancreas, unsuitable for abdominal tumors PET imaging.

Superiority of 68Ga-FAPI-04 in Delineation of Soft Tissue and Liver Metastases in Chromophobe Renal Cell Carcinoma for Restaging.

Chromophobe renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is a rare tumor. We described findings of 18F-FDG PET/CT and 68Ga-FAPI-04 PET/CT of metastatic chromophobe RCC in a 56-year-old woman. 68Ga-FAPI-04 PET/CT demonstrated that the metastatic lesions in the liver, left posterior abdominal wall, and the left waist had intense uptake of 68Ga-FAPI-04, which was higher than that of 18F-FDG on 18F-FDG PET/CT.

A Pilot Study of Radiomics Models Combining Multi-Probe and Multi-Modality Images of Ga-NOTA-PRGD2 and F-FDG PET/CT for Differentiating Benign and Malignant Pulmonary Space-Occupying Lesions.

Background: This is a pilot study of radiomics based on Ga-NOTA-PRGD2 [NOTA-PEG4-E[c(RGDfK)]2)] and F-FDG PET/CT to (i) evaluate the diagnostic efficacy of radiomics features of Ga-NOTA-PRGD2 PET in the differential diagnosis of benign and malignant pulmonary space-occupying lesions and (ii) compare the diagnostic efficacy of multi-modality and multi-probe images.

Methods: We utilized a dataset of 48 patients who participated in Ga-NOTA-PRGD2 PET/CT and F-FDG PET/CT clinical trials to extract image features and evaluate their diagnostic efficacy in the differentiation of benign and malignant lesions by the Mann-Whitney U test. After feature selection with sequential forward selection, random forest models were developed with tenfold cross-validation.

Superiority of [Ga]Ga-FAPI-04/[F]FAPI-42 PET/CT to [F]FDG PET/CT in delineating the primary tumor and peritoneal metastasis in initial gastric cancer.

Objective: This study aimed to compare [Ga]Ga-FAPI-04/[F]FAPI-42 PET/CT with [F]FDG PET/CT in the evaluation of initial gastric cancer.

Methods: We retrospectively compared [Ga]Ga-FAPI-04/[F]FAPI-42 PET/CT with [F]FDG PET/CT in patients with initial gastric cancer from September 2020 to March 2021. Lesion detectability and the uptake of lesions quantified by the maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax) and target-to-background ratio (TBR) were compared between the two modalities using the Wilcoxon signed-rank test, Mann-Whitney U test, and McNemar's chi-square test.

Radiosynthesis and Preclinical Evaluation of Bispecific PSMA/FAP Heterodimers for Tumor Imaging.

Due to tumor heterogeneity and complex tumor-stromal interactions in multicellular systems, the efficiency of monospecific tracers for tumor diagnosis and therapy is currently limited. In light of the evidence of prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) overexpression in tumor cells and fibroblast activation protein (FAP) upregulation in the tumor stroma, heterodimer dual targeting PSMA and FAP may have the potential to improve tumor diagnosis. Herein, we described the radiosynthesis, in vitro characterization, and micro-PET/CT imaging of two novel F-labeled bispecific PSMA/FAP heterodimers.

Synthesis and biological evaluation of Al[F]-NOTA-IPB-PDL1P as a molecular probe for PET imaging of PD-L1 positive tumors.

PD-L1 is widely expressed in a variety of tumors, including NSCLC, melanoma, renal cell carcinoma, gastric cancer, hepatocellular as well as cutaneous and various leukemias, multiple myeloma and so on. Herein, we designed a novel peptide imaging agent (Al[F]-NOTA-IPB-PDL1P) that specifically targets PD-L1 expressed in tumors. The overall radiochemical yield of Al[F]-NOTA-IPB-PDL1P from F was 10-15% (corrected radiochemical yield) within 20 min and the radiochemical purity of Al[F]-NOTA-IPB-PDL1P was > 95% with a molar activity of 44.

Expression of fibroblast activation protein in lung cancer and its correlation with tumor glucose metabolism and histopathology.

Purpose: To explore the expression of fibroblast activation protein (FAP) in lung cancer (LC) and its correlation with tumor glucose metabolism and histopathology.

Methods: From June 2018 to November 2020, 73 patients with newly diagnosed LC were included. Immunohistochemical staining was used to quantify FAP expression in tumors.

Automatic Production and Preliminary PET Imaging of a New Imaging Agent [F]AlF-FAPT.

Background: Fibroblast activating protein (FAP) has become an important target for cancer diagnostic imaging and targeted radiotherapy. In particular, [F]FAPI-42 has been successfully applied to positron emission tomography (PET) imaging of various tumors. However, it exhibits high hepatobiliary metabolism and is thus not conducive to abdominal tumor imaging.

Benefits of F-FDG PET/CT for the preoperative characterisation or staging of disease in the ampullary and duodenal papillary.

Objectives: Diagnosing ampullary and duodenal papillary carcinomas (ADPCs) is challenging. In the present study, we investigated the application value of F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography (F-FDG PET/CT) in the preoperative evaluation of these tumours.

Methods: F-FDG PET/CT images of 58 patients with ADPC and 28 patients with benign disease were retrospectively analysed.

Application of 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computerized tomography in mantle cell lymphoma.

Objective: The study is to investigate the application of F-fluorodeoxyglucose (F-FDG) PET/computerized tomography (CT) for the evaluation of mantle cell lymphoma (MCL).

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 39 patients who were pathologically diagnosed with MCL and underwent F-FDG PET/CT before treatment between August 2007 and August 2018. We compared the clinical information and PET/CT imaging characteristics in different groups based on bone marrow invasion, spleen invasion or International Prognostic Index (IPI) score.

Automated radiosynthesis and preclinical evaluation of Al[F]F-NOTA-P-GnRH for PET imaging of GnRH receptor-positive tumors.

Introduction: Gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) receptor is overexpressed in many human tumors. Previously we developed a F-labelled GnRH peptide. Although the GnRH-targeted PET probe can be clearly visualized by microPET imaging in a PC-3 xenograft model, clinical applications of the probe have been limited by complex labeling procedures, poor radiochemical yield, and unwanted accumulation in GnRH receptor negative tissues.

F-FDG PET/CT imaging findings in anaplastic large cell lymphoma, a rare subtype of lymphoma.

Objective: To investigate the F-FDG PET/CT imaging manifestations for anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALCL), a rare subtype of T/NK cell lymphoma.

Methods: Fifty patients with ALCL, including 32 anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK)-positive patients and 18 ALK-negative patients, were enrolled. The positive detection, maximal standardized uptake value (SUV), and distribution of nodal and extranodal involvement were recorded and analysed.

High dose of vancomycin plus gentamicin incorporated acrylic bone cement decreased the elution of vancomycin.

Purpose: Low doses of vancomycin and gentamicin were commonly incorporated into acrylic bone cement (antibiotic-impregnated bone cement, AIBC) during revision arthroplasty. Previous studies showed that only a very small amount of antibiotics could be eluted from AIBC. Given the fact that a high dose of antibiotic would elute high concentration of antibiotic, this study investigated the influence of a high dose of dual-antibiotic loading on the properties of cement.

Synthesis and Evaluation of F-Labeled Peptide for Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone Receptor Imaging.

The gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) receptor is overexpressed in the majority of tumors of the human reproductive system. The purpose of this study was to develop an F-labeled peptide for tumor GnRH receptor imaging. In this study, the GnRH (pGlu-His-Trp-Ser-Tyr-Gly-Leu-Arg-Pro-Gly-NH) peptide analogues FP-d-Lys-GnRH (FP = 2-fluoropropanoyl) and NOTA-P-d-Lys-GnRH ( = ethylene glycol) were designed and synthesized.

Study on variation trend of repetitive nerve stimulation waveform in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.

Background: Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease involving both upper and lower motor neurons with no effective cure. Electrophysiological studies have found decremental responses during low-frequency repetitive nerve stimulation (RNS) except for diffused neurogenic activities. However, the difference between ALS and generalized myasthenia gravis (GMG) in terms of waveform features is unclear.