Ten-day vonoprazan-amoxicillin dual therapy versus 14-day esomeprazole-amoxicillin dual therapy for first-line eradication: a prospective multicenter randomized controlled trial.

Background: The efficacy of the 14-day esomeprazole-amoxicillin (EA) dual therapy in eradicating () has been widely discussed previously. Vonoprazan, a novel potassium-competitive acid blocker, presents rapid, potent, and long-lasting acid inhibitory effects compared to esomeprazole. However, there is currently a scarcity of direct comparisons between the 10-day vonoprazan-amoxicillin (VA) and the 14-day EA dual therapy for eradication.

NRP1 instructs IL-17-producing ILC3s to drive colitis progression.

Group 3 innate lymphoid cells (ILC3s) control tissue homeostasis and orchestrate mucosal inflammation; however, the precise mechanisms governing ILC3 activity are fully understood. Here, we identified the transmembrane protein neuropilin-1 (NRP1) as a positive regulator of interleukin (IL)-17-producing ILC3s in the intestine. NRP1 was markedly upregulated in intestinal mucosal biopsies from patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) compared with healthy controls.

Examining the effects of psychological resilience and wellbeing on perceived stress and depressive symptoms among undergraduate nursing interns: testing a moderated mediation model.

Background: Perceived stress is recognized as a significant risk factor for depressive symptoms, while psychological resilience and wellbeing are considered crucial protective factors. However, the intricate relationships among these variables in undergraduate nursing interns remain largely unexplored. This study aims to investigate the mediating role of psychological resilience in the relationship between perceived stress and depressive symptoms, as well as the moderating influence of wellbeing on this mediation.

Preventive effect of sea bass protein-based high internal phase Pickering emulsion loaded with astaxanthin on DEHP-induced liver lipid metabolism disorder.

The present study was to investigate the effect of the astaxanthin high internal phase Pickering emulsion (H-AXT) on DEHP-induced liver lipid metabolism disorder and to demonstrate its possible protective mechanism. We have developed an antioxidant activity emulsion system to deliver astaxanthin into the liver to maximize its ability to protect the liver. In vitro, H-AXT intervention inhibited oxidative stress restored the level of mitochondrial membrane potential to 90 % of that of normal LO2 cells, and alleviated the imbalance of energy metabolism by protecting mitochondrial structure and function.

Clinical comparative study of robot-assisted and traditional laparoscopic surgery in patients with cervical cancer: a retrospective cohort study.

Background: A new era in minimally invasive surgery has been ushered in by Leonardo's robot surgical system, but the safety and effectiveness in cervical cancer is lake of evidence. This study aimed to compare the safety, effectiveness, and cost-effectiveness of robot-assisted laparoscopic radical hysterectomy (RRH) and conventional laparoscopic radical hysterectomy (LRH) in patients with cervical cancer.

Methods: Patients with cervical cancer who had radical surgery at the first affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University between January 2017 and June 2022 were enrolled.

Conjugated Phthalocyanine-Based Mesoporous Covalent Organic Frameworks for Efficient Anodic Lithium Storage.

Organic anode materials have been recognized as promising candidates for low-cost and sustainable lithium-ion batteries (LIBs), which however suffer from the inferior cycling stability and low conductivity with unsatisfactory LIBs performance. Herein, two conjugated phthalocyanine-based covalent organic frameworks (COFs), namely CoPc-Ph-COF and CoPc-3Ph-COF, are synthesized by the nucleophilic substitution reaction of hexafluorophthalocyanine cobalt (II) (CoPcF) with 1,2,4,5-tetrahydroxybenzene and 9,10-dimethyl-2,3,6,7-tetrahydroxyanthracene, respectively. Powder X-ray diffraction and electron microscopy analysis reveal the crystalline porous structure of both COFs with a pore size of 1.

Designing multifunctional artificial SEI layers for long-term stability of sodium metal anodes.

Sodium metal batteries, which are low-cost and have great potential for large-scale energy storage, face challenges such as shortened battery life and safety issues due to the uncontrolled growth of sodium dendrites and extensive side reactions during the cycling of sodium metal anodes. In this work, we address these challenges by introducing SnF to the surface of the sodium metal, which in situ generates a stable composite interfacial layer (NaSn@NaF). This interfacial layer contains Na-Sn alloy with a potential gradient and electrically insulating NaF, which promotes uniform deposition of Na ions and effectively suppresses dendrite formation and side reactions.

Global trends of schistosomiasis burden from 1990 to 2021 across 204 countries and territories: Findings from GBD 2021 study.

Introduction: The WHO aims to eliminate schistosomiasis as a public health problem by 2030. Based on the Global Burden of Disease 2021 (GBD 2021), this study assesses the global distribution of schistosomiasis burden to guide policy and resource allocation.

Methods: Schistosomiasis burden and social-demographic indexes (SDIs) data were extracted from GBD 2021 study.

Strategy to relieve cellular oxidative stress based on ultra-small nanobubbles without exogenous antioxidants.

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) produced in living systems are essential to physiological processes. However, excess ROS in the organism (oxidative stress) damages crucial cell components, leading to many diseases. Although some commercial antioxidants can counteract ROS damage, their inadequate tissue penetration, disruption of normal ROS functions, and possible toxicity have led to disappointing results in clinical trials for ROS-induced chronic diseases.

Spatio-temporal pattern evolution and dynamic simulation of urban ecological resilience in Guangdong Province, China.

Currently, in-depth analyses concerning the dynamic simulation of urban resilience and forecasting future development trends are lacking. To address urban vulnerability and promote regional balance and sustainable development, this study assessed the urban ecological resilience of Guangdong Province from 2000 to 2020 using the entropy weight TOPSIS method. Furthermore, we examined the spatial and temporal variations and evolution of urban ecological resilience through measures such as kernel density estimation, Theil index, and the center of gravity standard deviation ellipse.

Pyoluteorin-deficient Pseudomonas protegens improves cooperation with Bacillus velezensis, biofilm formation, co-colonizing, and reshapes rhizosphere microbiome.

Plant-beneficial Pseudomonas and Bacillus have been extensively studied and applied in biocontrol of plant diseases. However, there is less known about their interaction within two-strain synthetic communities (SynCom). Our study revealed that Pseudomonas protegens Pf-5 inhibits the growth of several Bacillus species, including Bacillus velezensis.

Efficacy and Safety of Various Intravenous Thrombolytics for Acute Ischemic Stroke (AIS) at Various Dosages: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis.

Background: Currently, there is limited evidence on the efficacy and safety of various thrombolytic drugs at different dosages for the treatment of acute ischemic stroke (AIS). From current randomized clinical trials, the optimal type and dosage of thrombolytics for patients with AIS are unclear.

Methods: This systematic review was registered in PROSPERO (CRD42024563757).

Synergistic Acid-Base Action Leads to Ultrafast Decontamination of Nerve and Blister Agents by OH Intercalated Zr-Doped MgAl-LDH under Ambient Conditions.

Developing materials capable of rapidly decontaminating nerve and blister agents directly under ambient conditions are crucial for practical applications. In this work, MgAl Zr-LDH with different Zr doping contents and corresponding OH intercalated materials MgAl Zr-LDH-OH are synthesized. First, they are used for the decontamination of nerve agents under ambient conditions, showing that increasing the Zr doping amount accelerates the decontamination rate of diethyl cyanophosphonate (DECP) and soman (GD), with the half-life of DECP and GD being 3-5 times shorter with MgAlZr-LDH (the highest Zr doping content) compared to MgAl-LDH.

Efficacy and molecular mechanisms of hesperidin in mitigating Alzheimer's disease: A systematic review.

Hesperidin, a flavonoid glycoside, is a natural phenolic compound that has broad biological effects. Increasing evidence suggests that hesperidin inhibits the occurrence and development of neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer's disease (AD). This article reviews the neuropharmacological mechanisms of hesperidin in the prevention and treatment of AD through in vitro and in vivo studies.

Apo10 and TKTL1 in blood macrophages as potential biomarkers for early diagnosis of operable breast cancer.

Objective: Blood macrophage Apo10 and TKTL1 detection is a novel, noninvasive cancer screening approach, but its relevance in breast cancer remains uncertain. We compared the potential diagnostic value of Apo10 and TKTL1 with commonly used tumor markers in differentiating breast cancer patients.

Methods: Physical examination and blood sample data from breast cancer patients who did not receive surgery or chemotherapy (retrospective; breast cancer group) and those with benign breast nodules and completely healthy subjects (prospective; control group) were collected from October 2020 to July 2022 at Sun Yat-sen University.

Transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation attenuates stroke-heart syndrome: The role of parasympathetic activity.

Stroke induces cardiac dysfunction, which increases poststroke mortality and morbidity. An imbalance in the autonomic nervous system resulting from brain injury may serve as the underlying mechanism. The present study investigated whether transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation (taVNS) attenuates poststroke cardiac dysfunction by activating the parasympathetic nervous system.

The relationships among illness perceptions, dyadic coping and illness management in breast cancer patients and their spouses: A dyadic longitudinal mediation model.

Objectives: To describe and compare dyads' illness perceptions, dyadic coping and illness management among breast cancer patients and their spouses. In addition, we explore the direct actor and partner effects of illness perception on illness management, and whether this association is mediated by dyadic coping.

Design: A descriptive and longitudinal study.

Exploring the mechanism of Taohong Siwu Decoction in treating ischemic stroke injury via the circDnajc1/miR-27a-5p/C1qc signaling axis.

Background: Ischemic stroke (IS) is the most prevalent type of cerebrovascular disease. Taohong Siwu Decoction (THSWD) has been demonstrated to have neuroprotective benefits during Cerebral Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury (CIRI). Whether THSWD mitigates CIRI by modulating the circDnajc1/miR-27a-5p/C1qc signaling axis is not known.

Gas-phase aldol condensation of formaldehyde to produce hydroxyacetaldehyde and its implication to new particle formation: a theoretical study.

Aldehydes have been proposed as important precursor species in new particle formation (NPF). Although formaldehyde (CHO) has minimal direct involvement in sulfuric acid (HSO) and water nucleation, it remains unclear whether its atmospheric aldol condensation product, hydroxyacetaldehyde (CHO), one of the simplest bifunctional oxygenated volatile organic compounds (OVOCs), plays a role in NPF. This study investigates both the aldol condensation of CHO and its role in NPF involving HSO and CHO through quantum chemical calculations and atmospheric cluster dynamics modeling.

16S rRNA Gene Sequencing Combined with Metabolomics to Explore Intestinal Flora and Metabolic Changes in Young Febrile Rats and the Mechanism of Xiangqin Jiere Granules.

Purpose: Xiangqin Jiere Granules (XQJRG), a Chinese patent medicine used to treat acute fever in children caused by colds, seasonal flu, and coronavirus disease 2019 has been proven to have antipyretic and anti-inflammatory effects in young febrile rats. Fever is known to affect the host-gut microbiota crosstalk. However, the pharmacological mechanism of XQJRG in this regard remains unclear.

Predictive Value of the Systemic Immune-Inflammation Index in the 28-Day Mortality for Patients with Sepsis-Associated Acute Kidney Injury and Construction of a Prediction Model.

Purpose: The predictive value of the Systemic Immune-Inflammation Index (SII) on mortality in patients with sepsis-associated acute kidney injury (S-AKI) remains unclear. This study aims to investigate the predictive value of SII levels at the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) on the 28-day mortality of S-AKI patients.

Patients And Methods: S-AKI patients admitted to the ICU of Henan Provincial People's Hospital from January 1, 2023, to December 31, 2023.

Immiscible metamorphic water and methane fluids preserved in carbonated eclogite.

Subduction zones metamorphic fluids are pivotal in geological events such as volcanic eruptions, seismic activity, mineralization, and the deep carbon cycle. However, the mechanisms governing carbon mobility in subduction zones remain largely unresolved. Here we present the first observations of immiscible HO-CH fluids coexisting in retrograde carbonated eclogite from the Western Tianshan subduction zone, China.