Advanced gastric cancer with metachronous intracranial oligometastases without recurrence after multidisciplinary team discussion and comprehensive treatment: a case report.

This article describes the process of multidisciplinary team (MDT) discussion and comprehensive treatment of a case of advanced gastric cancer that tested positive for programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1). During diagnosis, the patient presented with advanced gastric cancer and numerous unresectable metastases in the lesser omental lymph nodes, both lungs, liver, and left parietal occipital lobe. A meeting was arranged for the departments of oncology, gastrointestinal surgery, radiotherapy, imaging, and pathology to discuss the case.

Cuproptosis and Immune-Related Gene Signature Predicts Immunotherapy Response and Prognosis in Lung Adenocarcinoma.

Cuproptosis and associated immune-related genes (IRG) have been implicated in tumorigenesis and tumor progression. However, their effects on lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) have not been elucidated. Therefore, we investigated the impact of cuproptosis-associated IRGs on the immunotherapy response and prognosis of LUAD using a bioinformatical approach and in vitro experiments analyzing clinical samples.

Effects of Moxa Cone Moxibustion Therapy on Cognitive Function and Brain Metabolic Changes in MCI Patients: A Pilot H-MRS Study.

Objective: To explore the effect of moxa cone moxibustion on -acetyl aspartate/total creatinine (NAA/tCr) and choline/total creatinine (Cho/tCr) in the bilateral hippocampus (HIP) and bilateral posterior cingulate gyrus (PCG) in patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) using hydrogen proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (H-MRS) and to provide imaging basis for moxa cone moxibustion treatment for MCI.

Methods: One hundred eight patients with MCI were served as the MCI group, and 67 age-matched subjects were enrolled as the normal control group. The MCI group was randomized and allocated into acupoint group, drug group, and sham acupoint group, with 36 cases in each group.

Role for calcium-activated potassium channels (BK) in migration control of human hepatocellular carcinoma cells.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide. Its high metastasis rate is significantly correlated with poor patient prognosis. Elucidating the molecular mechanism underlying HCC metastasis is essential for HCC treatment.

Single-cell Long Non-coding RNA Landscape of T Cells in Human Cancer Immunity.

The development of new biomarkers or therapeutic targets for cancer immunotherapies requires deep understanding of T cells. To date, the complete landscape and systematic characterization of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) in T cells in cancer immunity are lacking. Here, by systematically analyzing full-length single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) data of more than 20,000 libraries of T cells across three cancer types, we provided the first comprehensive catalog and the functional repertoires of lncRNAs in human T cells.

MicroRNA-326 attenuates immune escape and prevents metastasis in lung adenocarcinoma by targeting PD-L1 and B7-H3.

Tumor-infiltrating T cells are highly expressive of inhibitory receptor/immune checkpoint molecules that bind to ligand expressed by tumor cells and antigen-presenting cells, and eventually lead to T cell dysfunction. It is a hot topic to restore T cell function by targeting immune checkpoint. In recent years, immunotherapy of blocking immune checkpoint and its receptor, such as PD-L1/PD-1 targeted therapy, has made effective progress, which brings hope for patients with advanced malignant tumor.

Dissecting the multi-omics atlas of the exosomes released by human lung adenocarcinoma stem-like cells.

Lung adenocarcinoma is heterogeneous and hierarchically organized, with a subpopulation of stem-like cells (CSCs) that reside at the apex of the hierarchy, in which exosomes act as important mediators by transporting specific molecules among different cell populations. Although there have been numerous studies on tumor exosomes, the constituents and functional properties of CSC-derived exosomes are still poorly characterized. Here we present a detail transcriptome and proteome atlas of the exosomes released by human lung adenocarcinoma stem-like cells (LSLCs).

Expression levels of a gene signature in hiPSC associated with lung adenocarcinoma stem cells and its capability in eliciting specific antitumor immune-response in a humanized mice model.

Background: Previous studies have reported that cancer stem cells (CSCs) play a key role in tumorigenesis, metastasis, and recurrence. CSC-based vaccination confers better protection in tumor cells. However, isolation and cultivation of CSCs are difficult.

Galanin expression is down-regulated in patients with gastric cancer.

Objective: To investigate whether galanin and its three receptors (Gal-R1, Gal-R2, Gal-R3) contribute to development of gastric cancer.

Methods: Preoperative and postoperative fasting venous blood samples were collected from 34 patients with gastric cancer and 13 healthy individuals. Plasma galanin contents, as well as expression levels of galanin and its receptors, were quantitatively examined in a cohort of human gastric cancer tissues and corresponding adjacent tissues.

GDF11 restrains tumor growth by promoting apoptosis in pancreatic cancer.

Background: Growth differentiation factor (GDF) acted as a factor that regulated proliferation, apoptosis and differentiation in several tumors. However, the effects of growth differentiation factor (GDF11) in pancreatic cancer remain unclear.

Purpose: To investigate the expression and significance of GDF11 in pancreatic cancer.

Why Does Not the Leaf Weight-Area Allometry of Bamboos Follow the 3/2-Power Law?

The principle of similarity (Thompson, 1917) states that the weight of an organism follows the 3/2-power law of its surface area and is proportional to its volume on the condition that the density is constant. However, the allometric relationship between leaf weight and leaf area has been reported to greatly deviate from the 3/2-power law, with the irregularity of leaf density largely ignored for explaining this deviation. Here, we choose 11 bamboo species to explore the allometric relationships among leaf area (), density (ρ), length (), thickness (), and weight ().

Leukemia-related protein 16 (LRP16) promotes tumor growth and metastasis in pancreatic cancer.

Background: Leukemia related protein 16 (LRP16), one of the genes belonging to the macro domain family, has been found up-regulated in various tumors including testicles, ovaries and mucosa of colon and is associated with poor clinical outcomes.

Purpose: The objective of this study was to investigate expression pattern and biological roles of LRP16 in pancreatic cancer.

Patients And Methods: Western blot and immunohistochemistry were used to investigate the expression of LRP16 in pancreatic cancer cell lines and tissues.

MMP-9-cleaved osteopontin isoform mediates tumor immune escape by inducing expansion of myeloid-derived suppressor cells.

As an extracellular matrix protein, osteopontin (OPN) has been shown to play an important role in regulation of the immune response to tumors. Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs), a heterogeneous population of myeloid progenitors, are major components of the immune suppressive tumor microenvironment and contribute to tumor evasion of the immune response. However, the specific regulating mechanisms underlying MDSCs expansion remain unclear.

mTOR masters monocytic myeloid-derived suppressor cells in mice with allografts or tumors.

CD11b(+) Gr1(+) myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) play critical roles in controlling the processes of tumors, infections, autoimmunity and graft rejection. Immunosuppressive drug rapamycin (RPM), targeting on the key cellular metabolism molecule mTOR, is currently used in clinics to treat patients with allo-grafts, autoimmune diseases and tumors. However, the effect of RPM on MDSCs has not been studied.

Prognostic significance of osteopontin in patients with non-small cell lung cancer: results from a meta-analysis.

Backgrounds: Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is one of the most common malignancies with a high mortality level. Recently, a variety of studies explored the role of osteopontin (OPN) expression in the prognosis of NSCLC, but the results were controversial.

Methods: We performed a meta-analysis of eligible studies to evaluate the prognostic significance of OPN expression in NSCLC patients.

Thymosin α1 promotes the activation of myeloid-derived suppressor cells in a Lewis lung cancer model by upregulating Arginase 1.

Thymosin α1 (Tα1) has been tested for cancer therapy for several years, in most cases, the anti-tumor effect of Tα1 was limited, especially when Tα1 was used as a single agent. The role of Tα1 in cancer treatment and the regulatory mechanisms by which Ta1 takes effects are not yet completely understood. Using a Lewis lung caner model, here we report that Tα1 used alone elevated CD8(+) T cells, but failed to inhibit tumor growth.

Increased circulating CD14(+)HLA-DR-/low myeloid-derived suppressor cells are associated with poor prognosis in patients with small-cell lung cancer.

Background: High expression of CD14(+)HLA-DR-/low myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) is correlated with immunosuppressive activity in various cancers, however, no studies have shown a correlation of these immunosuppressive cells with clinical outcomes in small-cell lung cancer (SCLC) patients.

Objective: The purpose of the study was to investigate the number, frequency and clinical significance of CD14(+)HLA-DR-/low MDSCs in SCLC patients.

Methods: The peripheral blood of 42 patients with SCLC and 37 healthy controls was analyzed by using flow cytometry.

Elevated plasma interleukin-35 levels predict poor prognosis in patients with non-small cell lung cancer.

Interleukin-35 (IL-35) has recently been implicated in tumor immunity. The aim of this study was to explore the clinical role of plasma IL-35 in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Plasma collected from 106 patients with NSCLC cases and 78 healthy controls (HC) were subjected to IL-35 enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and relationships between plasma IL-35 levels and clinical characteristics were evaluated.

Disruption of TSC1/2 signaling complex reveals a checkpoint governing thymic CD4+ CD25+ Foxp3+ regulatory T-cell development in mice.

Thymic-derived CD4(+)CD25(+)Foxp3(+) natural regulatory T (nTreg) cells are essential for the maintenance of peripheral immune tolerance. Signaling pathways that drive immature thymic progenitors to differentiate into CD4(+)CD25(+)Foxp3(+) nTreg cells need to be elucidated. The precise role of the TSC1/2 complex, a critical negative regulator of mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), in thymic CD4(+)CD25(+)Foxp3(+) nTreg-cell development remains elusive.

Probucol inhibits hydrogen peroxide to induce apoptosis of vascular smooth muscle cells.

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of the antioxidant probucol on hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-induced vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) apoptosis. H2O2 (1 mmol/l) was used as the VSMC apoptosis-inducing agent, and 100, 10 and 1 µmol/l probucol concentrations were incubated with cells for 6 h. The cell apoptosis was observed using Annexin V-FITC, TUNEL and Hoechst 33258 staining methods.