Effects of Taxifolin on Osteoclastogenesis and .

Osteoporosis is a highly prevalent disease which has been a major public health problem and considered to be associated with chronic low-grade systemic inflammation and oxidative damage. Taxifolin is a natural flavonoid and possesses many pharmacological activities including antioxidant and anti-inflammatory. Because flavonoids have been confirmed to fight osteoporosis and promote bone health, the aim of this study was to investigate the effects of taxifolin on the formation and function of osteoclast.

Model-Based Meta-Analysis in Ankylosing Spondylitis: A Quantitative Comparison of Biologics and Small Targeted Molecules.

Information on the comparative efficacy is important for drug development as well as drug therapy. Up to now, the relative efficacy of approved biologics and many agents under investigation in ankylosing spondylitis (AS) are still unclear. The objective of this study was to quantify the relative efficacy and time course of various treatments measured by the Ankylosing Spondylitis Assessment Study group response criteria 20 scores (ASAS20), change from baseline in Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Index (BASDAI), and Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Functional Index (BASFI).

An improved HPLC-MS/MS method for simultaneous quantification of propranolol and its two phase I metabolites in plasma of infants with hemangioma and its application to a comparative study of plasma concentrations.

Propranolol is now a preferred treatment for infantile hemangioma. However, there are no published papers on the metabolism and concentrations of propranolol in the plasma of infants with hemangioma. In the present study, a sensitive, simple and reliable method was developed and validated for the simultaneous quantification of propranolol and its metabolites 4-hydroxypropranolol (M1) and -desisopropylpropranolol (M2) in infants' plasma for the first time by using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS).

Filtering the NMR Spectra of Complex Mixtures through Polymer-Mediated Paramagnetic Spin Relaxation.

A polymer-mediated paramagnetic spin relaxation (PSR) filter is presented for the selective suppression of signals from polymer-interacting species in the 1D and 2D NMR spectra of mixtures. The combined use of Gd and a polymer with a high transverse relaxation enhancement (R , which gives a measure of the Gd -complexing ability) results in the suppression of signals from any polymer-interacting component in mixtures, irrespective of their R . By using poly(acrylic acid) (PAA) as a model system, we demonstrate selective filtering of the signals of typical low-R species (insensitive to Gd ), such as molecular/polymeric cations and non-ionic polymers, which, through PAA recognition (electrostatic/hydrogen-bonding interactions), become exposed to the paramagnetic effect of Gd , while leaving non-PAA-interacting species unaffected.

Real-World Outcomes of Acute Ischemic Stroke Treatment with Intravenous Thrombolysis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Background: Evidence from outside the typical clinical research setting, such as the real-world setting, complements evidence coming from randomized controlled trials. The purpose of this study was to evaluate all available evidence from the real-world observational trials about long-term outcomes of treatment with intravenous (IV) recombinant tissue-type plasminogen activator (rt-PA) compared with not treated with IV rt-PA (non-rt-PA) in patients with acute ischemic stroke.

Methods: We searched PubMed and Embase until March 1, 2018 for observational studies reporting matched or adjusted results comparing IV rt-PA versus non-rt-PA in patients with acute ischemic stroke.

Trough concentration of itraconazole and its relationship with efficacy and safety: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objectives: The optimum trough concentration of itraconazole for clinical response and safty is controversial. The objective of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to determine the optimum trough concentration of itraconazole and evaluate its relationship with efficacy and safety.

Methods: We searched PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, the Cochrane Library, Clinical-Trials.

A GA-based parameters tuning method for an ADRC controller of ISP for aerial remote sensing applications.

This paper presents a parameters tuning method based on the genetic algorithm (GA) for an active disturbance rejection control (ADRC) of a three-axis inertially stabilized platform (ISP) with imaging sensors. To improve the stabilization accuracy and robustness of an aerial ISP under multi-source disturbances environment, an ADRC control scheme is first proposed. Then, to accurately identify and tune the parameters in the ADRC controller, a GA-based parameters tuning method is proposed.

Risk factors and short-term prognosis of preoperative renal insufficiency in infective endocarditis.

Background: The incidence of postoperative complications and the in-hospital mortality rate of infective endocarditis (IE) complicated with renal insufficiency are relatively high. This study aimed to analyze the clinical features, etiological characteristics, diagnosis and treatment, and prognosis of IE with renal insufficiency and to explore the risk factors for renal damage.

Methods: IE patients undergoing valvular surgery between 2008 and 2017 in two cardiac centers were retrospectively analyzed.

Plasma disturbance of phospholipid metabolism in major depressive disorder by integration of proteomics and metabolomics.

Introduction: Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a highly prevalent mental disorder affecting millions of people worldwide. However, a clear causative etiology of MDD remains unknown. In this study, we aimed to identify critical protein alterations in plasma from patients with MDD and integrate our proteomics and previous metabolomics data to reveal significantly perturbed pathways in MDD.

Radioprotective activity of glutathione on cognitive ability in X-ray radiated tumor-bearing mice.

Objectives: The use of X-ray for therapeutics always raises the problem of radiation hazards to living beings. In this research, we explored the radioprotective activity of glutathione (GSH) on cognitive ability of X-ray radiated tumor-bearing mice.

Methods: Forty C57BL/6 mice were chosen to establish the GL261 glioma model and randomly divided into four groups: Model group, X-ray group, Pre-GSH group and Pos-GSH group.

Inhibition of LCMR1 and ATG12 by demethylation-activated miR-570-3p is involved in the anti-metastasis effects of metformin on human osteosarcoma.

Epidemiological studies have demonstrated that metformin could mitigate the progression of several tumors. Although it has been proved that metformin could cause demethylation of DNA and lead to up-regulation of some encoding genes and non-coding RNAs, there is little data about the effects of metformin on metastasis, and the interaction between metastasis and autophagy in human osteosarcoma cells. Here, we found miR-570-3p was significantly down-regulated in human metastatic osteosarcoma tissues but not in non-metastatic osteosarcoma tissues.

Toxicity of porcelain-fused-to-metal substrate to zebrafish (Danio rerio) embryos and larvae.

Aims: Porcelain-fused-to-metal (PFM) crowns are a standard restoration technique in dentistry, but toxicity of PFM in vivo has not been systematically evaluated. The present study evaluated the effects of various metal alloy shells of PFM crowns on the development of zebrafish embryos and larvae in order to determine the safety of these materials.

Main Methods: Gold palladium (Au-Pd), silver palladium (Ag-Pd), Nickel chromium (Ni-Cr), cobalt chromium (Co-Cr), titanium (Ti) alloy porcelain crowns were immersed in artificial saliva for 1, 4, and 7 weeks, and the leach solution was collected and used to treat zebrafish embryos at 4-144 h PFM.

Association between HLA-B*15:02 and oxcarbazepine-induced cutaneous adverse reaction: a meta-analysis.

Aim: HLA-B*15:02 has been demonstrated as a key risk factor for carbamazepine-induced severe cutaneous adverse reaction (sCAR), especially in Asian population. Oxcarbazepine (OXC) is a drug that has a similar structure of carbamazepine. However, the relationship between HLA-B*15:02 and induced cutaneous adverse reaction (cADR) remains unknown.

Low TT4 as a predictor of poor outcomes in severe encephalitis: a multivariate analysis of 94 patients.

Background: To investigate the prognostic value of acute thyroid function in patients with severe encephalitis.

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed information from patients with severe encephalitis from June 2012 to June 2017. Using multivariate logistic regression analysis, we examined predictors of poor outcomes in these patients after 6 months.

Fast NMR Screening of Macromolecular Complexes by a Paramagnetic Spin Relaxation Filter.

The paramagnetic spin relaxation filter is described for the rapid NMR screening of intermolecular interactions between ligands and macromolecular anionic receptors with large transverse relaxation enhancements ( ). The addition of micromolar concentrations of Gd to the mixture produces the immediate broadening/suppression of the NMR signals of interacting species while leaving unaffected those of noncompetitive binders (one-dimensional and two-dimensional experiments). The method is highly sensitive, unveiling interactions that are too weak to generate changes in chemical shifts or relaxation times.

YAP1 is essential for osteoclastogenesis through a TEADs-dependent mechanism.

Yes-associated protein 1 (YAP1), the core effector of the Hippo signaling pathway, has been identified as a key regulator of tissue homeostasis and organ development by controlling cell proliferation and differentiation. Previous studies have shown that YAP1 regulates multiple steps during skeletal development and bone remodeling, including the self-renewal and differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). However, its role in osteoclastogenesis remains largely unknown.

α-Conotoxin ImI-modified polymeric micelles as potential nanocarriers for targeted docetaxel delivery to α7-nAChR overexpressed non-small cell lung cancer.

A micelle system modified with α-Conotoxin ImI (ImI), a potently antagonist for alpha7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (α7-nAChR) previously utilized for targeting breast cancer, was constructed. Its targeting efficiency and cytotoxicity against non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) highly expressing α7-nAChR was investigated. A549, a non-small cell lung cancer cell line, was selected as the cell model.

Effectiveness of high-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation in patients with depression and Parkinson's disease: a meta-analysis of randomized, controlled clinical trials.

Aim: This meta-analysis aimed to assess the effect of high-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (HF-rTMS) for the treatment of depression in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD).

Methods: The design was a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs). The participants were patients with PD who suffered from depression.

Aberrant DNA methylation associated with Alzheimer's disease in the superior temporal gyrus.

Abnormal DNA methylation patterns have been demonstrated to be associated with the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD). The present study aimed to identify differential methylation in the superior temporal gyrus (STG) of patients with late-onset AD based on epigenome-wide DNA methylation data by bioinformatics analysis. The genome-wide DNA methylation data in the STG region of 34 patients with late-onset AD and 34 controls without dementia were recruited from the Gene Expression Omnibus database.

Hippocampal metabolic differences implicate distinctions between physical and psychological stress in four rat models of depression.

Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a heterogeneous and multi-factorial disorder, and the underlying molecular mechanisms remain largely unknown. However, many studies have indicated that the molecular mechanisms underlying depression in response to different stress may differ. After screening, 28-30 rats were included in each model of depression (chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS); learned helplessness (LH); chronic restraint stress (CRS); or social defeat (SD)).

Dihydromyricetin Protects against Bone Loss in Ovariectomized Mice by Suppressing Osteoclast Activity.

Dihydromyricetin (DMY), the main flavonoid component of , possesses pharmacological activities useful for treatment of diseases associated with inflammation and oxidative damage. Because osteoclasts are often involved in chronic low-grade systemic inflammation and oxidative damage, we hypothesized that DMY may be an effective treatment for osteoclast-related diseases. The effects of DMY on osteoclast formation and activity were examined .

Facile and large-scale synthesis of curcumin/PVA hydrogel: effectively kill bacteria and accelerate cutaneous wound healing in the rat.

The complicated synthesis procedure and limited preparation size of hydrogel inhibit its clinical application. Therefore, a facile preparation method for large-size hydrogel is required. In this study, a series of curcumin (Cur)/polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) hydrogel in a large size with different Cur concentrations is prepared by a facile physical-chemical crosslinking.

Defining the Optimal Midline Shift Threshold to Predict Poor Outcome in Patients with Supratentorial Spontaneous Intracerebral Hemorrhage.

Background: Midline shift (MLS) has been associated with unfavorable outcome in patients with intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). However, the optimal criteria to define the MLS measurements that indicate future outcome in ICH patients are absent, and the quantitative threshold of MLS that differentiates favorable and poor clinical outcome should be further explored.

Methods: We enrolled patients with ICH who underwent admission computed tomography (CT) within 6 h after onset of symptoms.

Quantitative proteomic study of the plasma reveals acute phase response and LXR/RXR and FXR/RXR activation in the chronic unpredictable mild stress mouse model of depression.

Major depressive disorder is a severe neuropsychiatric disease that negatively impacts the quality of life of a large portion of the population. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying depression are still unclear. The pathogenesis of depression involves several brain regions.