Receptor tyrosine kinases CAD96CA and FGFR1 function as the cell membrane receptors of insect juvenile hormone.

Juvenile hormone (JH) is important to maintain insect larval status; however, its cell membrane receptor has not been identified. Using the lepidopteran insect (cotton bollworm), a serious agricultural pest, as a model, we determined that receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) cadherin 96ca (CAD96CA) and fibroblast growth factor receptor homologue (FGFR1) function as JH cell membrane receptors by their roles in JH-regulated gene expression, larval status maintaining, rapid intracellular calcium increase, phosphorylation of JH intracellular receptor MET1 and cofactor Taiman, and high affinity to JH III. Gene knockout of and by CRISPR/Cas9 in embryo and knockdown in various insect cells, and overexpression of CAD96CA and FGFR1 in mammalian HEK-293T cells all supported CAD96CA and FGFR1 transmitting JH signal as JH cell membrane receptors.

Nauclofficines A and B, two novel monoterpenoid indole alkaloids from the Li folk herb Nauclea officinalis with anti-allergic inflammatory effects on RBL-2H3 cells.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Nauclea officinalis Pierre ex Pitard, a traditional medicinal plant cherished by the Li ethnic group, is renowned for its potent anti-allergic properties in the clinic, especially in alleviating respiratory inflammations. This plant is now extensively cultivated to harness its valuable extracts for the production of traditional cough syrup.

Aim Of The Study: To identify the active components responsible for its anti-allergic inflammatory properties and to elucidate the underlying mechanisms of action.

Protein hydrolysate from Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) improves aging-associated neuroinflammation and cognitive decline in rats by reshaping the gut microbiota and Th17/Treg balance.

As the global population ages, cognitive decline in older adults has gained significant attention in public health, underscoring the urgent need for effective intervention strategies. This study investigates the impact of salmon protein hydrolysate (SPH) on gut microbiota and cognitive decline in aged rats. Over 8 weeks, aged Sprague-Dawley rats were treated with SPH, resulting in significant enhancements in cognitive function as evidenced by operant-based attentional set-shifting and Morris water maze tasks.

Albumin antagonizes Alzheimer's disease-related Tau pathology and enhances cognitive performance by inhibiting aberrant Tau aggregation.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder primarily characterized by cognitive impairment, for which effective treatments remain lacking. Albumin (ALB) is an essential carrier protein found in various body fluids, playing crucial roles in anti-inflammatory processes, antioxidation, and signal transduction. Recent research indicates that ALB may play a significant role in the development and progression of AD, though its specific function is not yet fully understood.

The steroid hormone 20-hydroxyecdysone induces lipophagy via the brain-adipose tissue axis by promoting the adipokinetic hormone pathway.

Lipophagy is a way to degrade lipids; however, the molecular mechanisms are not fully understood. Using the holometabolous lepidopteran insect Helicoverpa armigera, cotton bollworm, as a model, we revealed that the larval fat body undergoes lipophagy during metamorphosis, and lipophagy is essential for metamorphosis. The steroid hormone 20-hydroxyecdysone (20E) induced lipophagy by promoting the expression of the peptide hormone adipokinetic hormone (AKH, the insect analog of glucagon) and the adipokinetic hormone receptor (AKHR).

[Inhibition of PRDX1 protein expression and promotion of apoptosis of colorectal cancer cells by furanodienone via inducing ROS generation from NOX4-derived mitochondria].

This study explored the generation site and regulation mechanism of reactive oxygen species(ROS) in the apoptosis of colorectal cancer cells induced by furanodienone(Fur). RKO cells were treated with 200 μmol·L~(-1) of Fur, and the changes in intracellular nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase(NOX) activity were detected by the NOX activity detection method. The control group, Fur group, diphenyleneiodonium(DPI) inhibitor group for general NOX, mitochondrial-targeted antioxidant(MitoTEMPO) group, Fur+DPI group, Fur+MitoTEMPO group, and H_2O_2 positive control group were set up.

Peripheral CD4 T cell phenotype and brain microglial activation associated with cognitive heterogeneity in aged rats.

Cognitive decline is a critical hallmark of brain aging. Although aging is a natural process, there is significant heterogeneity in cognition levels among individuals; however, the underlying mechanisms remain uncertain. In our study, we classified aged male Sprague‒Dawley rats into aged cognition-unimpaired (AU) group and aged cognition-impaired (AI) group by using an attentional set-shifting task.

Long Noncoding RNA PSMB8-AS1 Mediates the Tobacco-Carcinogen-Induced Transformation of a Human Bronchial Epithelial Cell Line by Regulating Cell Cycle.

Lung cancer is the main cause of cancer deaths around the world. Nitrosamine 4-(methyl nitrosamine)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone (NNK) is a tobacco-specific carcinogen of lung cancer. Abundant evidence implicates long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) in tumorigenesis.

Tau Aggregation-Dependent Lipid Peroxide Accumulation Driven by the hsa_circ_0001546/14-3-3/CAMK2D/Tau Complex Inhibits Epithelial Ovarian Cancer Peritoneal Metastasis.

Intraperitoneal dissemination is the main method of epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) metastasis, which is related to poor prognosis and a high recurrence rate. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are a novel class of endogenous RNAs with covalently closed loop structures that are implicated in the regulation of tumor development. In this study, hsa_circ_0001546 is downregulated in EOC primary and metastatic tissues vs.

Substrate-controlled [4+1] and [3+2] annulations of ninhydrin-derived Morita-Baylis-Hillman carbonates to access polysubstituted furans and cyclopentenes.

The effective and mild [4+1] annulation of ninhydrin-derived MBH carbonates with α,β-unsaturated ketones has been developed, providing a wide range of multisubstituted furans in high yields (up to 90%) with excellent β-regioselectivities. In contrast, the polysubstituted cyclopentenes bearing dispiro-bisindanedione motifs were obtained classical [3+2] annulations by employing ninhydrin-derived MBH carbonates with 2-arylidene-1,3-indandiones under the same catalytic conditions. Furthermore, the structures of two kinds of cycloadducts were straightforwardly confirmed through X-ray diffraction analysis.

Effective Detection of Cu(II) Ions Based on Carbon Dots@Exfoliated Layered Double Hydroxides Composites Fluorescence Probe.

A series of carbon dots@exfoliated layered double hydroxides (CDs@LDH) composites were hydrothermally fabricated by Mg/Al LDH and formamide. The results of FTIR, UV-vis, and XPS spectra in company with HRTEM images showed that crystalline nano CDs formed on the single layer of LDH by Mg-C bond. With the increase of solvothermal reaction time from 2 to 6 h, the band gap and the binding energy of aminic and graphitic N species of CDs@LDH composites decreased, whereas the crystallinity increased.

Effectiveness of potato late blight (Phytophthora infestans) forecast by meteorological estimation in mountainous terrain based on CARAH rules.

Potato late blight (PLB) caused by Phytophthora infestans (Mont.) de Bary, its incidence and development are highly dependent on meteorological conditions. To solve the problem of PLB in mountainous terrain under the condition of limited meteorological monitoring capability, the air temperature and humidity was estimated based on the basic meteorological datasets, the forecast effect of the onset period and infection cycle of PLB based on CARAH rules was evaluated.

Protective Effects of Danmu Extract Syrup on Acute Lung Injury Induced by Lipopolysaccharide in Mice through Endothelial Barrier Repair.

Objective: To investigate the effects of Danmu Extract Syrup (DMS) on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced acute lung injury (ALI) in mice and explore the mechanism.

Methods: Seventy-two male Balb/C mice were randomly divided into 6 groups according to a random number table (n=12), including control (normal saline), LPS (5 mg/kg), LPS+DMS 2.5 mL/kg, LPS+DMS 5 mL/kg, LPS+DMS 10 mL/kg, and LPS+Dexamethasone (DXM, 5 mg/kg) groups.

Association between self-disclosure and benefit finding of Chinese cancer patients caregivers: the mediation effect of coping styles.

Purpose: To examine the relationship between self-disclosure, coping styles, and benefit finding (BF) among caregivers of cancer patients. The study also aimed to identify the factors influencing BF and the impact of coping styles on the relationship between self-disclosure and BF.

Methods: Convenience sampling was used to select 300 caregivers of cancer patients aged greater than 18 years from October 2022 to April 2023 in Chengdu, China.

Treatment for ovarian clear cell carcinoma with combined inhibition of WEE1 and ATR.

Background: Standard platinum-based therapy for ovarian cancer is inefficient against ovarian clear cell carcinoma (OCCC). OCCC is a distinct subtype of epithelial ovarian cancer. OCCC constitutes 25% of ovarian cancers in East Asia (Japan, Korea, China, Singapore) and 6-10% in Europe and North America.

Iron oxide nanoparticles inhibit tumor growth by ferroptosis in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma.

Since the approval by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA), ferumoxytol and other iron oxide nanoparticles (IONs) have been widely used as iron supplements for patients with iron deficiency. Meanwhile, IONs have also been used as contrast agents in magnetic resonance imaging and as drug carriers. Importantly, IONs have demonstrated a significant inhibitory effect on the growth of tumors, including hematopoietic and lymphoid tumors, such as leukemia.

Targeting USP10 induces degradation of oncogenic ANLN in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.

Anillin (ANLN) is a mitosis-related protein that promotes contractile ring formation and cytokinesis, but its cell cycle-dependent degradation mechanisms in cancer cells remain unclear. Here, we show that high expression of ANLN promotes cytokinesis and proliferation in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) cells and is associated with poor prognosis in ESCC patients. Furthermore, the findings of the study showed that the deubiquitinating enzyme USP10 interacts with ANLN and positively regulates ANLN protein levels.

The enhanced effect of magnetism on the thermoelectric performance of a CrI monolayer.

The effect of magnetism on the thermoelectric (TE) transformation efficiency has recently attracted a lot of attention. A CrI monolayer is a two-dimensional (2D) ferromagnetic (FM) semiconductor with a Curie temperature of 45 K. In this work, we employed first-principles calculations within the framework of density functional theory (DFT) combined with the non-equilibrium Green's function (NEGF) method and Landauer-Buttiker theory to study the effect of magnetism on the TE performance of a CrI monolayer.

[3 + 2] cycloaddition of nonstabilized azomethine ylides and 2-benzothiazolamines to access imidazolidine derivatives.

A simple and practical method for the construction of 1,3,5-trisubstituted imidazolidine derivatives [3 + 2] cycloaddition reaction has been developed. This reaction could smoothly proceed between nonstabilized azomethine ylides generated and 2-benzothiazolamines to deliver a wide scope of differently substituted imidazolidines in high yields (up to 98%). The structure of one example was confirmed by X-ray single-crystal structure analysis.