Metabolomics reveals size-dependent persistence and reversibility of silver nanoparticles toxicity in freshwater algae.

Although the toxicity of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) has been widely reported, the persistence and reversibility of AgNPs toxicity are poorly understood. In the present work, AgNPs with particle sizes of 5 nm, 20 nm, and 70 nm (AgNPs5, AgNPs20, and AgNPs70) were selected to investigate the nanotoxicity and recovery effects of Chlorella vulgaris in the exposure (72 h) and recovery (72 h) stages using non-targeted metabolomics techniques. The exposure of AgNPs exerted size-dependent effects on several aspects of C.

Asymmetric activation of microglia in the hippocampus drives anxiodepressive consequences of trigeminal neuralgia in rodents.

Background And Purpose: Patients suffering from trigeminal neuralgia are often accompanied by anxiety and depression. Microglia-mediated neuroinflammation is involved in the development of neuropathic pain and anxiodepression pathogenesis. Whether and how microglia are involved in trigeminal neuralgia-induced anxiodepression remains unclear.

Proteomic profiling reveals mitochondrial toxicity of nanosilver and silver nitrate in the gill of common carp.

Mitochondria are recognized as an important target organelle for the toxicity of nanomaterials. Although the toxic effects of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) on mitochondria have been widely reported, the mechanism behind the toxicity remains unclear. In this study, the effects of two forms of silver (AgNPs and AgNO) on carp gill mitochondria were investigated by analyzing the mitochondrial ultrastructure, physicochemical properties of mitochondrial membrane, and mitochondrial proteomics.

Trophodynamics and health risk assessment of toxic trace metals in the food web of a plateau freshwater lake.

The trophodynamics of toxic trace metals is significant for assessing the threat of toxic trace metals to the aquatic ecosystem and human safety. However, due to the difficulty of accurately calculating the trophic positions of freshwater aquatic organisms in the food web, the comprehensive process of trophodynamics of toxic trace metals in freshwater ecosystems was still rarely known. By integrating the compound-specific nitrogen stable isotopic analysis of amino acids (CSIA-AAs) and the Bayesian stable isotope mixing model (SIMM) as a novel approach, the present study investigated the trophodynamics of five toxic trace metals (Zn, As, Cr, Cu, and Hg) in the food web of the YangZong Lake, a plateau freshwater lake that was once heavily polluted by arsenic in Yunnan Province, China.

Metabolomics reveals the mechanism of polyethylene microplastic toxicity to Daphnia magna.

Microplastic exposure leads to various toxic effects in Daphnia magna; however, the effects of microplastics on the metabolic processes in D. magna and the corresponding molecular toxicity mechanisms remain unclear. In the present study, the effects of acute exposure to polyethylene microplastics with different particle sizes (20 μm [MPs-20] and 30 μm [MPs-30]) on metabolites in D.

Effects of microplastics pollution on plankton: A review.

Microplastics, a new class of environmental pollutants, accumulates in the environment at an uncontrollable rate, which threatens aquatic organisms. Plankton are the basis of food webs and play a significant role in the material circulation and energy flow of aquatic ecosystems. Plankton are sensitive to various environmental pollutants.

Integration of transcriptomics and metabolomics reveals damage and recovery mechanisms of fish gills in response to nanosilver exposure.

Toxic effects of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) on fish gills have been widely reported but the recoverability of AgNPs-induced fish gill injuries is still unknown. In this study, combined multiomics and conventional toxicological analytical methods were used to investigate the changes in the gills of common carp responses to AgNPs (0.1 mg/L) toxicity after 24 h exposure and 7-day recovery.

[Evaluation of digital technology for orthognathic surgery in 25 patients].

Purpose: To use three-dimensional reconstruction measurement, preoperative diagnosis, surgical design, surgical simulation, guide plate production, navigation verification and effect evaluation of orthognathic surgery assisted by digital technology, in order to explore more scientific and reasonable programs and procedures of orthognathic surgery.

Methods: Twenty-five patients with congenital dental and maxillofacial deformity were selected as the experimental subjects, craniofacial spiral CT was conducted before surgery and CT data were imported into Mimics 20.0 software to establish a 3D head digital model.

Treatment of oral lichen planus by surgical excision and acellular dermal matrix grafting: Eleven case reports and review of literature.

Background: Oral lichen planus (OLP) is a chronic inflammatory disorder, and it can affect normal oral function. The conventional treatments for OLP are not always effective, and relapse easily occurs. Therefore, treatment of OLP is difficult and challenging.

Ecological risk assessment of heavy metals in fish from the Dianchi Lake, China using the integrated biomarker response approach.

This study used the integrated biomarker response (IBR) index approach to assess the ecological risks of heavy metals in different regions of Dianchi Lake, combined with active monitoring and passive monitoring. The contents of five heavy metals (Cu, As, Cd, Hg, and Pb) and six biomarkers (acetylcholinesterase, sodium-potassium ATPase, metallothionein, superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, and malondialdehyde) in the muscles of crucians (Carassius auratus) were measured to calculate the IBR value. The results indicate that the contents of heavy metal in the fish under active monitoring and passive monitoring were rather low and did not exceed the National Food Safety Standards of China.

[Spatial Characteristics and Ecological Risks of Perfluoroalkyl Substances in Coastal Urbanized Areas of China and South Korea].

This study concentrated on the 15 perfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) in the coastal areas of China and South Korea, an urbanized area with intensive human activities. In total, 126 water samples and 125 sediment samples were collected and determined by HPLC-MS/MS. Fifteen PFASs were detected at least once in all the sites.

Distinct Function of Estrogen Receptors in the Rodent Anterior Cingulate Cortex in Pain-related Aversion.

Background: Brain-derived estrogen is implicated in pain-related aversion; however, which estrogen receptors mediate this effect remains unclear. This study hypothesized that the different estrogen receptors in the rostral anterior cingulate cortex play distinct roles in pain-related aversion.

Methods: Formalin-induced conditioned place avoidance and place escape/avoidance paradigms were used to evaluate pain-related aversion in rodents.

Proteomic profiling reveals the differential toxic responses of gills of common carp exposed to nanosilver and silver nitrate.

Although the toxic effects of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) on fish gills have been reported, the underlying mechanism of toxicity remains unclear. The present study aimed to elucidate the mechanism of toxicity in the gills of common carp following exposure to AgNPs and silver nitrate (AgNO) using histopathology and proteomics. Histopathological findings revealed that both AgNPs and AgNO caused telangiectasia and epithelial cell hyperplasia in fish gills; however, the pathological features and location of lesions caused by the two forms of silver were markedly different.

Effect of silver nanoparticles on gill membranes of common carp: Modification of fatty acid profile, lipid peroxidation and membrane fluidity.

Although the toxicity of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) in aquatic organisms has been extensively investigated, the mechanism by which AgNPs damage membranes remains unclear. This study investigated the toxic effects of a series of sub-lethal concentrations of AgNPs on the membranes of freshwater carp (Cyprinus carpio) gills, based on changes in membrane fatty acid (FA) profile, membrane fluidity, membrane lipid peroxidation, and histopathology. Most of the FAs in fish gill membrane was not significantly affected by exposure to multiple AgNPs concentrations, only few significant changes occurred in some specific FAs species at a high concentration of AgNPs exposure.

[Three dimensional study on change ratios of hard and soft tissue after orthognathic surgery].

Purpose: To investigate the change ratios of soft and hard tissue after orthognathic surgery three-dimensionally in osseous Class Ⅲ patients, in order to predict postoperative soft tissue three-dimensionally.

Methods: Twenty adult patients were selected as the experimental group, craniofacial spiral CT and three-dimensional (3D) stereophotogrammetry were conducted 2 weeks before surgery and 3 months after surgery. Dolphin imaging software was used to establish 3D image digitizing model and 3D measurement coordinate system.

Health risk assessment of heavy metals in Cyprinus carpio (Cyprinidae) from the upper Mekong River.

The purposes of this research are to quantify the concentration of heavy metals (Zn, Cu, As, Pb, Cd, and Hg) in the water and fish tissues of common carp (Cyprinus carpio) in the upper Mekong River and to thereby elucidate the potential dietary health risks from fish consumption of local residents. Surface water and fish tissues (gill, muscle, liver, and intestine) from four representative sample areas (influence by a cascade of four dams) along the river were analyzed for heavy metal concentrations. Results revealed that the levels of heavy metals in fish were tissue-dependent.

An irreversible temperature indicator fabricated by citrate induced face-to-face assembly of silver triangular nanoplates.

Assembly of anisotropic nanoparticles which need well controlling of assembly direction and spatial arrangement is more interesting than one-dimensional nanoparticles assemblies. As confirmed by observing of transmission electron microscopy images and analysis of plasmon resonance spectrum transformations, we found that silver triangular nanoplates (TNPs) without further modification could be face-to-face assembled by citrate. The face-to-face assembly of silver TNPs could be disassembled quickly by heating at a wide temperature range from 30 to 80 °C.

Chicken Egg White-stabilized Au Nanoclusters for Selective and Sensitive Detection of Hg(II).

In this paper, chicken egg white purchased from a local market without further purification was directly used to prepare fluorescent gold nanoclusters through a one-step, simple, fast and green synthesis approach for analytical purposes. The as-prepared chicken egg white stabilized gold nanocluster probe has strong red fluorescence emission, which can be quenched by mercury ions and copper ions sensitively. By using an ethylenediaminetetraacetate (EDTA) masking method, mercury ions in the range from 0.

Intensive epidermal adsorption and specific venous deposition of carboxyl quantum dots in zebrafish early-life stages.

To properly assess the environmental risk of quantum dots (QDs), it is necessary to determine their fate in living organisms, including adsorption, distribution and bioaccumulation under representative environmental or physiological conditions. We comprehensively investigated the fate of QDs with carboxyl terminal functional groups (carboxyl-QDs) in zebrafish (Danio rerio) embryo and larvae subjected to either waterborne exposure or cardiovascular system microinjection. On waterborne exposure, carboxyl-QDs exhibited an intensive adsorption and accumulation in the chorion of embryos, and their predominate target organs were the gill and intestinal tract in larvae.

[Preparation and examination of BMP-2 loaded chitosan nanospheres in vitro].

Purpose: To prepare chitosan nanospheres for loading of BMP-2 and to evaluate its size, zeta potential, appearance, degradation and release characteristic in vitro, and then to investigate its feasibility as a carrier for sustained release of BMP-2.

Methods: The BMP-2 loaded chitosan nanospheres were prepared using ionic crosslinking method with tripolyphosphate (TPP) and chitosan. Transmission electron microscope was used to evaluate the morphological properties, and laser particle size analyzer was used to analyze particle size, Zeta potential and distribution.

[The change of patients' psychosomatic symptoms after orthognathic surgery].

Purpose: To assess the change of patients' psychological status before and after orthognathic surgery.

Methods: The psychological status in 36 patients were assessed before and after orthognathic surgery using the SCL-90 questionnaire. The patients were allowed to evaluate the changes of mastication, facial aesthetics, pronunciation and function of temporomandibular joint subjectively through the questionnaire.

Nanotoxicity of silver nanoparticles to red blood cells: size dependent adsorption, uptake, and hemolytic activity.

Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are increasingly being used as antimicrobial agents and drug carriers in biomedical fields. However, toxicological information on their effects on red blood cells (RBCs) and the mechanisms involved remain sparse. In this article, we examined the size dependent nanotoxicity of AgNPs using three different characteristic sizes of 15 nm (AgNPs15), 50 nm (AgNPs50), and 100 nm (AgNPs100) against fish RBCs.