Development and validation of an individualized diagnostic signature in thyroid cancer.

New molecular signatures are needed to improve the diagnosis of thyroid cancer (TC) and avoid unnecessary surgeries. In this study, we aimed to develop a robust and individualized diagnostic signature in TC. Gene expression profiles of tumor and nontumor samples were from 13 microarray datasets of Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database and one RNA-sequencing dataset of The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA).

Key details of the duodenal-jejunal bypass in type 2 diabetes mellitus rats.

Aim: To investigate which surgical techniques and perioperative regimens yielded the best survival rates for diabetic rats undergoing gastric bypass.

Methods: We performed Roux-en-Y gastric bypass with reserved gastric volume, a procedure in which gastrointestinal continuity was reestablished while excluding the entire duodenum and proximal jejunal loop. We observed the procedural success rate, long-term survival, and histopathological sequelae associated with a number of technical modifications.

Knockdown of Beclin 1 inhibits vitamin K3‑induced autophagy, but promotes apoptosis of human hepatoma SMMC-7721 cells.

The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of Beclin 1 knockdown on spontaneous and vitamin K3 (VK3)-regulated autophagy, survival and apoptosis in human hepatocarcinoma SMMC-7721 cells, and to explore the potential mechanisms underlying the action of Beclin 1 knockdown in the processes of autophagy and apoptosis. A recombinant plasmid-expressing small interfering RNA (siRNA) targeting Beclin 1 mRNA was constructed and introduced into SMMC-7721 cells. The expression of Beclin 1 was determined by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and Western blotting.

Expression of alpha-gustducin in the circumvallate papillae of taste buds of diabetic rats.

Taste impairment is a complication of Diabetes mellitus and some studies have shown this taste disorder in diabetes. Diabetes can decrease the ability of individuals to detect and recognize sweet, salty and bitter tastes. alpha-Gustducin is a transducin-like G-protein selectively expressed in 20 - 30% of taste receptor cells, which has been shown to be involved in bitter, sweet and umami taste responses.

[Experimental study on islet cells in rats under condition of three-dimensional microgravity].

Objective: To study the survival rate and secretory function of islet cells in rats under condition of three-dimensional microgravity.

Methods: Isolated islet cells were assigned to flask-cultured or bioreactor-cultured. Survival rate of islets cultured for days 3, 7, 14 in stationary flasks or microgravity bioreactors was measured by AO-PI double-staining.

Experimental study of rat beta islet cells cultured under simulated microgravity conditions.

To observe the effects of simulated microgravity on beta islet cell culture, we have compared the survival rates and the insulin levels of the isolated rat islet cells cultured at the micro- and normal gravity conditions. The survival rates of the cells cultured were determined by acridine orange-propidium iodide double-staining on day 3, 7 and 14. The morphology of the cells was observed by electron microscopy.