Genetically engineered nanomodulators elicit potent immunity against cancer stem cells by checkpoint blockade and hypoxia relief.

Rapid development of checkpoint inhibitors has provided significant breakthroughs for cancer stem cell (CSC) therapy, while the therapeutic efficacy is restricted by hypoxia-mediated tumor immune evasion, especially hypoxia-induced CD47 overexpression in CSCs. Herein, we developed a genetically engineered CSC membrane-coated hollow manganese dioxide (hMnO@gCMs) to elicit robust antitumor immunity by blocking CD47 and alleviating hypoxia to ultimately achieve the eradication of CSCs. The hMnO core effectively alleviated tumor hypoxia by inducing decomposition of tumor endogenous HO, thus suppressing the CSCs and reducing the expression of CD47.

Lymph node targeting strategy using a hydrogel sustained-release system to load effector memory T cells improves the anti-tumor efficacy of anti-PD-1.

Communication between tumors and lymph nodes carries substantial significance for antitumor immunotherapy. Remodeling the immune microenvironment of tumor-draining lymph nodes (TdLN) plays a key role in enhancing the anti-tumor ability of immunotherapy. In this study, we constructed a biomimetic artificial lymph node structure composed of F127 hydrogel loading effector memory T (T) cells and PD-1 inhibitors (aPD-1).

Microwave-responsive gadolinium metal-organic frameworks nanosystem for MRI-guided cancer thermotherapy and synergistic immunotherapy.

The clinical application of cancer immunotherapy is unsatisfied due to low response rates and systemic immune-related adverse events. Microwave hyperthermia can be used as a synergistic immunotherapy to amplify the antitumor effect. Herein, we designed a Gd-based metal-organic framework (Gd-MOF) nanosystem for MRI-guided thermotherapy and synergistic immunotherapy, which featured high performance in drug loading and tumor tissue penetration.

Novel Mutation of Hydroxymethylbilane Synthase in a Case of Acute Intermittent Porphyria Presenting with Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome.

Acute intermittent porphyria (AIP) is an autosomal, dominant, hereditary metabolic disease caused by an inherited deficiency of hydroxymethylbilane synthase (HMBS), a crucial enzyme in the heme biosynthetic pathway. It can affect the central, peripheral, and autonomic nervous systems. We report a 23-year Chinese woman who presented with severe abdominal pain, convulsions, constipation, tachycardia, quadriparesis, and hyponatremia, accompanied by posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES).

[Stem cells for the treatment of Peyronie's disease].

Peyronie's disease (PD) is a connective tissue disorder characterized as fibrotic plaque localized in the tunica albuginea (TA), and its pathomechanism remains obscure. Endeavors are being made to explore effective and minimally invasive therapeutic strategies for PD, and some experimental studies have verified the preventative and therapeutic effects of stem cells (SC), especially adipose tissue-derived SCs (ADSC), on this disease and excavated some of their action mechanisms. Some scholars attempted the integration of SCs with graft tissues, aiming at the improvement of TA grafting and reconstruction.

Dynamic effect of three locking plates fixated to humeral fracture based on multibody musculoskeletal model.

Objective: This study attempts to analyse the biomechanical effect of internal fixation (plated in parallel or plated vertically) on the basis of distal humeral fractures on musculoskeletal multibody dynamics using AnyBody in Finite Element Method.

Method: Humeral 3D models were reconstructed by MIMICS after volunteers' CT image input in *.dicom format, and processed by Geomagic Studio for surfaces, while locking plates and screws were then designed by Pro-E.

Dynamics analysis for flexion and extension of elbow joint motion based on musculoskeletal model of Anybody.

Purpose: Little is known about how biomechanics governs the biological nature for humeral motion dynamically. Elbow motion ought to be investigated based on a musculoskeletal model and evidence the physiologic principle of upper limbs.

Method: A humeral model was reconstructed by MIMICS after CT images input in *.

Applications and research advance of genome shuffling for industrial microbial strains improvement.

Genome shuffling, an efficient and practical strain improvement technology via recursive protoplasts fusion, can break through the limits of species even genus to accelerate the directed evolution of microbial strains, without requiring the comprehensively cognized genetic background and operable genetic system. Hence this technology has been widely used for many important strains to obtain the desirable industrial phenotypes. In this review, we introduce the procedure of genome shuffling, discuss the new aid strategies of genome shuffling, summarize the applications of genome shuffling for increasing metabolite yield, improving strain tolerance, enhancing substrate utilization, and put forward the outlook to the future development of this technology.

Cytotoxic jatrophane diterpenoids from the aerial parts of .

A phytochemical study of 80% ethanol extract from the aerial parts of led to the isolation of three new jatrophane diterpenoids, euphoheliphanes A-C (). Their structures were established on the basis of spectroscopic data (NMR, IR, UV, and MS). The isolated diterpenoids were tested for cytotoxic potentials against 6 renal cancer cell lines.

Temperature controllable electrochemical sensors based on horseradish peroxidase as electrocatalyst at heated Au disk electrode and its preliminary application for HO detection.

In this paper, horseradish peroxidase (HRP) was successfully immobilized on heated Au disk electrode (HAuDE) by biotin-streptavidin specific interaction through HS-ssDNA-biotin self-assembled on HAuDE for investigation the electrocatalytic activity of HRP. With elevated electrode temperature, the significant temperature effect of the electrocatalytic activity of HRP for HO reduction was demonstrated by using this bio-sensing platform. With an electrode temperature of 40 °C, a detection limit of 1.

H-NMR spectroscopy identifies potential biomarkers in serum metabolomic signatures for early stage esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.

Background: Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is one of the most prevalent types of upper gastrointestinal malignancies. Here, we used H nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (H-NMR) to identify potential serum biomarkers in patients with early stage ESCC.

Methods: Sixty-five serum samples from early stage ESCC patients ( = 25) and healthy controls ( = 40) were analysed using H-NMR spectroscopy.

Methionine synthase A2756G polymorphism influences pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia risk: a meta-analysis.

Plenty of studies have investigated the effect of methionine synthase () A2756G polymorphism on risk of developing pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), but the available results were inconsistent. Therefore, a meta-analysis was conducted to derive a more precise estimation of the association between A2756G polymorphism and genetic susceptibility to pediatric ALL. The PubMed, Embase, Google Scholar, Web of Science, ScienceDirect, Wanfang Databases and China National Knowledge Infrastructure were systematically searched to identify all the previous published studies exploring the relationship between A2756G polymorphism and pediatric ALL risk.

[Predictive factors for clinically significant elevation of post-prostatectomy Gleason score in patients with biopsy Gleason score ≤7].

Objective: To investigate the prognostic factors for clinically significant increase in post-prostatectomy Gleason score (pGS) in patients with biopsy Gleason score (bGS) ≤7.

Methods: This retrospective study included 170 cases of prostate cancer treated by radical prostatectomy in our hospital from January 2010 to December 2017. We analyzed the clinical and pathological data on the patients, including the age, preoperative serum tPSA, fPSA, fPSA / tPSA, prostate volume, PSA density (PSAD), and positive puncture rate of the patients with clinically significant elevation of pGS, as well as the possible factors for clinically significant pGS increase in patients with bGS = 7 and those with bGS ≤ 6.

[Clinical Curative Efficacy of Lenalidomide Combined with Chemotherapy for Acute Leukemia and Its Impact on VEGF].

Objective: To investigate the clinical efficacy of regimen consisting of lenalidomide combined with chemotherapy for acute leukemia and its impact on vascular endothilial growth factor (vEGF) and basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF), and to analyze the relationship lenalidomide with therapeutic efficacy of leukemia.

Methods: The patients with newly diagnosed acute myeloid leukemia (except M3) from October 2013 to October 2014 in our hospital were randomly divided into 2 groups: chemotherapy+placebo (CP) group and lenalidomide+chemotherapy (LC) group. In addition, healthy persons were used as healthy controls (HC).

Clinical Significance of a Novel Knee Joint Stability Assessment System for Evaluating Anterior Cruciate Ligament Deficient Knees.

Objective: To investigate the six degrees of freedom (6DOF) kinematics of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) deficient knees during gait and to explore the clinical significance of a novel knee joint stability assessment system (Opti_Knee, Innomotion, Shanghai, China) in comparison with imaging and arthroscopic examination.

Methods: Three subjects diagnosed with ACL deficient knees on the basis of preoperative MRI and CT findings were subjected to treadmill gait analysis. Motion of both knees in 6DOF was measured and analyzed with an optical joint kinematics measurement system.

Upregulated P2X3 Receptor Expression in Patients with Intractable Temporal Lobe Epilepsy and in a Rat Model of Epilepsy.

Purinergic P2X3 receptors (P2X3Rs) play extensive roles in nerve cells in the central nervous system, particularly in hyperexcitability and calcium (Ca(2+)) influx. However, the role of P2X3Rs in epilepsy has not been previously investigated. To determine the relationship between P2X3Rs and epilepsy, the expression and cellular location of P2X3Rs in patients with intractable temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) and in a lithium chloride-pilocarpine-induced chronic rat model of epilepsy were assessed.

Meta-analysis of the association of MTHFR polymorphisms with multiple myeloma risk.

The association of methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) polymorphisms with multiple myeloma (MM) risk has been explored, but the results remain controversial. Thus, a meta-analysis was performed to provide a comprehensively estimate. The case-control studies about MTHFR C677T and A1298C polymorphisms with MM risk were collected by searching PubMed, Elsevier, China National Knowledge Infrastructure and Wanfang Databases.

Biomechanical effect of medial cortical support and medial screw support on locking plate fixation in proximal humeral fractures with a medial gap: a finite element analysis.

Objective: This finite element analysis aimed to examine the effect of medial cortical support and medial screw support on loads at the implant-bone interface of locking plate fixation of proximal humeral fractures with a medial gap.

Methods: An intact humerus from a healthy volunteer was used as the basis for a 3-dimensional (3D) computer-aided design (CAD) model. The 3D CAD model of the locking plate system was based on information in the manufacturer's catalogue.

CYP3A5 ∗ 3 genetic polymorphism is associated with childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia risk: A meta-analysis.

Background: Several studies have investigated the association between CYP3A5 FNx01 3 genetic polymorphism and acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) risk in children, but have yielded controversial results. Therefore, we performed a meta-analysis to evaluate synthetically the effect of CYP3A5 FNx01 3 polymorphism on the risk of ALL in children.

Methods: Case-control studies investigating the relationship between CYP3A5 FNx01 3 genetic polymorphism and ALL risk in children were included.

Acute effects of different glycemic index diets on serum motilin, orexin and neuropeptide Y concentrations in healthy individuals.

Aim: To determine whether different glycemic index (GI) diets have different effects on the acute secretion of motilin, orexin and neuropeptide Y (NPY), regulators of food intake, energy homeostasis and glucose metabolism.

Methods: Fifty healthy volunteers were randomly assigned to two groups and were fed an isocaloric breakfast (464 kcal) containing high GI (HGI; GI=90) or low GI (LGI; GI=47) components. Serum motilin, orexin, and NPY concentrations were measured before (0 h) and 2h after the meal.

[Expressions of ATF3 and CTGF and their regulation by estradiol in the prepuce of hypospadias patients].

Objective: Estrogen is closely associated with hypospadias. The present study was to explore the molecular mechanism of hypospadias caused by estradiol.

Methods: Fibroblasts obtained from the prepuce of hypospadiac and normal children were cultured in vitro and treated with 17-beta ethinyl estradiol (17-EE) at the concentrations of 1 micromol/L to 0.

[Snodgrass technique, Duckett repair and bladder mucosa grafting for hypospadias: an analysis of 251 cases].

Objective: To present the experience in using the Snodgrass technique, Duckett repair and bladder mucosa grafting for hypospadias.

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed 251 cases of middle and posterior hypospadias treated by the Snodgrass technique, Duckett repair and bladder mucosa grafting from February 1997 to December 2008.

Results: The success rates of the Snodgrass technique, Duckett repair and bladder mucosa grafting were 80.

Estrogen effects on fetal penile and urethral development in organotypic mouse genital tubercle culture.

Purpose: We developed an organotypic genital tubercle culture system in vitro and used it to investigate the direct effects of the hyperestrogenic state on fetal mouse penile and urethral development.

Materials And Methods: Genital tubercles were dissected from embryonic day 14.5 C57B/L6 male mouse fetuses and cultured using an air-liquid interface on a microporous membrane support soaked in synthetic medium.

[Human foreskin acellular matrix graft: a good scaffold for urethral tissue engineering].

Objective: To provide evidence of using the human foreskin acellular matrix graft for urethral tissue engineering. METH-ODS: The human foreskin acellular matrix graft was prepared, its safety and biocompatibility as urethral material were determined by histological observation, cytotoxicity test using primary epithelial cells and experiment in vivo.

Results: Intact cells were absent from the foreskin acellular matrix graft.

[Modulation of lung oxidant/antioxidant status by ischemic post-conditioning during ischemia/ reperfusion injury: experiment with rats].

Objective: To investigate the effects of ischemic post-conditioning (IPO) on the lung endogenous oxidant-antioxidant system and nitric oxide level during the early stage of ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury.

Methods: Twenty four male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into 3 equal groups: sham-operation (S) group, I/R Group, undergoing ischemia by blocking the lung hilus for 1 h and then reperfusion for 30 min, IPO Group, undergoing blocking the lung hilus for 1 h and then 3 cycles of 10 s ischemia and 10 s reperfusion. Then the rats were killed with their lungs taken out.