Resonances and antiresonances in heat generation by spin current in a quantum dot.

We study the heat generation in a quantum dot exposed to a rotating magnetic field and coupled to a normal lead. Both electron-phonon interaction and electron-electron interaction are considered in the dot. We show the emergence of resonances and antiresonances in the heat generation, which we attribute to constructive interference and destructive interference between phonon waves emitted from opposite spin channels in the dot.

The role of autophagy-related proteins in the pathogenesis of neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders.

This study aimed to investigate the expression of autophagy-related proteins in a mouse model of neuromyelitis optica (NMO). Mice were assigned to one of four groups: an animal experimental model group (NMO-EAE group, given with exogenous IL-17A), Interleukin-17 monoclonal antibody intervention group (NMO-EAE_0IL17inb), No exogenous interleukin-17 enhanced immune intervention group (NMO-EAE_0IL17), and a control group. Behavioral scores were assessed in each group, and the protein expressions of sequestosome 1 (P62), Beclin-1, the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K-I), and LC3II/LC3I were detected using Western blotting.

Blockade of phosphotyrosine pathways suggesting SH2 superbinder as a novel therapy for pulmonary fibrosis.

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a progressive and irreversible fibrotic disease with high mortality. Currently, pirfenidone and nintedanib are the only approved drugs for IPF by the U.S.

Pleural mesothelial cell migration into lung parenchyma by calpain contributes to idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is defined as a specific form of chronic, progressive fibrosing interstitial pneumonia. It is unknown why fibrosis in IPF distributes in the peripheral or named sub-pleural area. Migration of pleural mesothelial cells (PMC) should contribute to sub-pleural fibrosis.

The preparation and characterization of nanocomposite film reinforced by modified cellulose nanocrystals.

In the present study, in order to improve the properties of nanostarch-based nanocomposite film for food packaging, a type of nanocomposite film based on corn nanostarch (CNS) as the matrix and modified cellulose nanocrystals (modified-CNCs) as the reinforcement was prepared using a solution casting method. The cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) were modified by a two-step method in which they were initially crosslinked with citric acid, and subsequently amidated with chitosan. Then, a type of CNS/modified-CNCs nanocomposite film with different content levels of modified-CNC were prepared and characterized using Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy (FTIR); X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS); X-Ray Diffraction (XRD); Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC); and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM).

Cigarette smoking aggravates bleomycin-induced experimental pulmonary fibrosis.

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a chronic progressive lung disease that typically leads to respiratory failure and death. The cause of IPF is poorly understood. Although several environmental and occupational factors are considered as risk factors in IPF, cigarette smoking seems to be the most strongly associated risk factor.

Lethal (2) giant larvae regulates pleural mesothelial cell polarity in pleural fibrosis.

Pleural fibrosis is barely reversible and the underlying mechanisms are poorly understood. Pleural mesothelial cells (PMCs) which have apical-basal polarity play a key role in pleural fibrosis. Loss of cell polarity is involved in the development of fibrotic diseases.

miR-18a-5p Inhibits Sub-pleural Pulmonary Fibrosis by Targeting TGF-β Receptor II.

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a chronic progressive lung disease that typically leads to respiratory failure and death within 3-5 years of diagnosis. Sub-pleural pulmonary fibrosis is a pathological hallmark of IPF. Bleomycin treatment of mice is a an established pulmonary fibrosis model.

Effect of Xiongbing compound on the pharmacokinetics and brain targeting of tetramethylpyrazine.

Objectives: To investigate the effect of the Xiongbing compound (XBC) on the pharmacokinetics and brain targeting of tetramethylpyrazine (TMP).

Methods: Three microemulsions containing the same TMP concentration were prepared. XBC microemulsions were made from Rhizoma ligustric Chuanxiong extracts, borneol and TMP.

[Comparison of the brain pharmacokinetics of nasal tetramethylpyrazine phosphate pH-sensitive in situ gel in normal rats and model rats].

The study is to investigate the brain pharmacokinetics change of nasal tetramethylpyrazine phosphate (TMPP) pH-sensitive in situ gel in normal and model rats. Acute cerebral ischemia rat model was successfully established by middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) method. Both normal and model rats were given nasal TMPP pH-sensitive in situ gel (10 mg x kg(-1)).

[Determination of plasma protein binding rate of tetramethylpyrazine phosphate by ultrafiltration].

Objective: To study the plasma protein binding rate of Tetramethylpyrazine Phosphate.

Methods: The ultrafiltration was employed to determine the plasma protein binding rate of Tetramethylpyrazine Phosphate. The plasma concentrations of Tetramethylpyrazine Phosphate were measured by RP-HPLC.

[The pharmacokinetics study on Sinomenine transdermal patch on anaesthetized Beagle dogs].

Objective: To explore the pharmacokinetic of Sinomenine transdermal patch.

Methods: The plasma drug concentration of Beagle dogs was determined after administration with HPLC-UVD as analysis tools. The pharmacokinetics parameters were fitted with kinetica software package.

[Bioequivalence study of sinomenine patch by microdialysis].

Objective: To study bioequivalence of Sinomenine patch made by different preparation process, and to testify feasibility and superiority of microdialysis as a new method in topical bioequivalence study.

Method: Normal gel patch and liposome gel patch of sinomenine were prepared by different preparation, nude mouse served as the experimental subjects sampling method of drug in the skin was tissue homogenization microdialysis, and drug concentration in dialysate was determined by HPLC.

Result: Results of tissue homogenization showed that liposome gel patch leads more remainder drug in the skin of nude mouse than normal gel patch, and results of microdialysis showed that liposome gel patch led higher instantaneous drug concentration than normal gel patch.

[Dynamic determination of sinomenine in skin by microdialysis].

Objective: To explore the feasibility and advantages of using microdialysis as sampling method for dynamic determination of sinomenine in topical skin.

Methods: In this study, sinomenine was administered to the rats by transdermal drug delivery system and celiac injection. With microdialysis technique for sampling, the concentration of sinomenine in dialysate was determined by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC).

[Determination in vitro of rat plasma protein binding rate of sinomenine by using microdialysis method].

Aim: To determine in vitro the rat plasma protein binding rate by using microdialysis method.

Methods: The binding rate was determined by using microdialysis probe as sampling tools and zero-net flux method as calibrating method. The regression equation was made by the difference of concentrations between the dialysis sample and the perfusate.

[Study on determination of entrapment efficiency of sinomenine liposomes].

Objective: To establish an HPLC method for the determination of entrapment efficiency of sinomenine liposomes.

Method: The liposomes and dissociated drugs were separated by sephadex filtration, mini-column centrifugation and dialysis. The methodology study and the optimization of determining condition were carried out at the same time.

[A study on the percutaneous penetration of artesunate from various reservoir vehicles].

Objective: To determine the main factors which affect the percutaneous penetration of artesunate and provide efficient data for the artesunate transdermal delivery system.

Method: Transdermal speed constant and accumulative amount of 12 hours were used for the estimations of various reservior vehicles, and the supplement orthodox design was used to study the effect of pH, various proportion of IPA/Water/IPM, and drug concentration.

Result: Drug concentration and pH were the main factors which affected the percutaneous penetration of artesunate.