Structural characterisation of a novel polysaccharide from fibrous root and its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities .

A novel water-soluble polysaccharide, named PF90-1, with a molecular weight of 1.8 kDa, was isolated and purified from the fibrous root of . PF90-1 is composed of Gal, Glc and Man in a molar ratio of 73.

Sodium butyrate improves cognitive dysfunction in high-fat diet/ streptozotocin-induced type 2 diabetic mice by ameliorating hippocampal mitochondrial damage through regulating AMPK/PGC-1α pathway.

Cognitive dysfunction is an important comorbidity of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Sodium butyrate (NaB) is a short-chain fatty acid and has an effect improving T2DM-associated cognitive dysfunction. Using a high-fat diet (HFD)/streptozotocin (STZ)-induced T2DM mouse model, the present study investigated the mechanism involved in the beneficial effect of butyrate on diabetic cognitive dysfunction, with a focus on ameliorating mitochondrial damage through regulating the adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase/peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1α (AMPK/PGC-1α) pathway considering the important role of mitochondrial impairments in the occurrence of T2DM-associated cognitive dysfunction.

The Role and Therapeutic Potential of Non-coding RNAs in Resistance to EGFR-TKIs targeted therapy for Non-small Cell Lung Cancer.

Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide, of which non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the most common type, and epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EGFR-TKIs) are widely used for the treatment of NSCLC. EGFR-TKIs are known to develop a drug-resistant response after a certain number of cycles of dosing, and how to alleviate or even reverse EGFR-TKI resistance is an urgent problem at present. This review focuses on the role of ncRNAs in the resistance of NSCLC to EGFR-TKIs and the potential mechanisms underlying the development of NSCLC resistance to EGFR-TKIs.

GPC3-IL7-CCL19-CAR-T primes immune microenvironment reconstitution for hepatocellular carcinoma therapy.

Background: Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T-cell therapy is a revolutionary treatment that has become a mainstay of advanced cancer treatment. Conventional glypican-3 (GPC3)-CAR-T cells have not produced ideal clinical outcomes in advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), and the mechanism is unclear. This study aims to investigate the clinical utility of novel GPC3-7-19-CAR-T cells constructed by our team and to explore the mechanisms underlying their antitumor effects.

Ruxolitinib ameliorated coxsackievirus B3-induced acute viral myocarditis by suppressing the JAK-STAT pathway.

Background: Accumulating evidences have demonstrated that overwhelming inflammation occurs in the process of Coxsackievirus B3 (CVB3)-induced acute viral myocarditis (AVM). No specific therapy is available. More than an effective Janus-associated kinase (JAK) inhibiter, ruxolitinib exerts a critical role in the inflammatory diseases.

Effects of sodium para-aminosalicylic acid on chelation treatment in Pb-exposed mice.

Lead (Pb) is a corrosion-resistant, heavy, non-ferrous metal. Several metal chelators have been used for the treatment of Pb poisoning. However, the efficacy of sodium para-aminosalicylic acid (PAS-Na) in enhancing Pb excretion has yet to be fully characterized.

Effect of humic acid-modified attapulgite on polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon adsorption and release from paddy soil into the overlying water in a rice-crab coculture paddy ecosystem and the underlying process.

Phenanthrene (Phe), a typical polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) pollutant, poses an enormous safety risk to rice-crab coculture (RC) paddy ecosystems. In this study, humic acid-modified purified attapulgite (HA-ATP) with a composite structure was successfully fabricated to adsorb PAHs released from paddy soil to overlying water in RC paddy ecosystems in Northeast China. The maximum crab bioturbation intensities for dissolved Phe and particulate Phe were 64.

Palaeobotanical evidence reveals the living conditions of Miocene Lufengpithecus in East Asia.

Background: Understanding the relationship between human evolution and environmental changes is the key to lifting the veil on human origin. The hypothesis that environmental changes triggered the divergence of humans from apes (ca. 9.

Analysis of PAT1 subfamily members in the GRAS family of upland cotton and functional characterization of GhSCL13-2A in Verticillium dahliae resistance.

GhSCL13-2A, a member of the PAT1 subfamily in the GRAS family, positively regulates cotton resistance to Verticillium dahliae by mediating the jasmonic acid and salicylic acid signaling pathways and accumulation of reactive oxygen species. Verticillium wilt (VW) is a devastating disease of upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum) that is primarily caused by the soil-borne fungus Verticillium dahliae. Scarecrow-like (SCL) proteins are known to be involved in plant abiotic and biotic stress responses, but their roles in cotton defense responses are still unclear.

Endothelial injury and inflammation in patients with hyperuricemic nephropathy at chronic kidney disease stages 1-2 and 3-4.

Background: Endothelial injury and inflammation are the main pathological changes in hyperuricemic nephropathy (HN); however, they have not been assessed in patients in the early, middle, and late phases of HN.

Aim: To investigate endothelial injury and inflammatory conditions between patients with HN at chronic kidney disease (CKD) stages 3-4 and CKD 1-2.

Methods: This study enrolled 80 patients (49 and 31 with HN at CKD stage 1-2 and 3-4, respectively) from the Department of Nephrology, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine between July 2021 and January 2022.

Minimal change disease caused by polycythemia vera: A case report.

Background: Polycythemia vera (PV), often attributed to the JAK2 V617F mutation, is characterized by enhanced red blood cell counts in the peripheral blood. PV-associated renal disease is clinically rare; to date, there have been reports of other chronic kidney diseases related to PV, but no reports on PV-associated minimal change disease.

Case Summary: A 37-year-old man presented with proteinuria and high red blood cell count on January 4, 2021.

Methylcyclopentadienyl Manganese Tricarbonyl Alter Behavior and Cause Ultrastructural Changes in the Substantia Nigra of Rats: Comparison with Inorganic Manganese Chloride.

The antiknock additive methylcyclopentadienyl manganese tricarbonyl (MMT) is an organic manganese(Mn) compound. Mn neurotoxicity caused by occupational Mn exposure (mostly inorganic MnCl) is associated with motor and cognitive disturbances, referred to as Manganism. However, the impact of environmentally relevant Mn exposure on MMT-induced Manganism is poorly understood.

Correlation of myopia onset and progression with corneal biomechanical parameters in children.

Background: Recent epidemiological studies have shown that general eye measurement parameters and corneal biomechanical properties can predict the speed of myopic progression in children.

Aim: To investigate the correlation between the onset and progression of myopia and corneal biomechanical parameters in children.

Methods: The study included 102 cases in the emmetropia group, 207 cases in the myopic group, and 109 cases in the hyperopic group.

Transcriptome analysis reveals potential key immune genes of Hong Kong oyster (Crassostrea hongkongensis) against Vibrio parahaemolyticus infection.

Hong Kong oyster (Crassostrea hongkongensis) is one of the main species of economic shellfish cultivated in the coastal areas of southern China. The cultivation of this shellfish may be adversely impacted by Vibrio parahaemolyticus, a harmful pathogenic bacterium for many mariculture species, as it usually exists on the surface of Hong Kong oysters. Although previous studies have discovered that oysters rely on non-specific immune system to fight pathogen invasion, the genes corresponding to the complex immune system against Vibrio is still not fully elucidated.

Monitoring of viral myocarditis injury using an energy-confined upconversion nanoparticle and nature-inspired biochip combined CRISPR/Cas12a-powered biosensor.

The early diagnosis and timely intervention of viral myocarditis urgently require a noninvasive detection approach. Therefore, we present a CRISPR/Cas12a-powered biosensor that integrates an exceptionally efficient upconversion luminescent resonance energy transfer (LRET) with a nature-inspired biochip to determine a golden-standard cardiac biomarker (cardiac troponin I). First, a unique sandwich-structured energy-confined upconversion nanoparticle (acting as the energy donor) is synthesized to dramatically reinforce the LRET's ability.

Polymorphism analysis and expression profile of the estrogen receptor 2 gene in Leizhou black duck.

Our previous study on the ovarian transcriptomic analysis in Leizhou black duck revealed that the ESR2 gene was involved in hormone regulation in reproduction and the estrogen signaling pathway related to reproductive performance was enriched. This suggested that ESR2 may have a functional role in the reproductive performance of the Leizhou black duck. Thus, this study aimed at evaluating the polymorphism of the ESR2 gene and its association with egg-laying traits and the distribution pattern of ESR2 mRNA in laying and non-laying Leizhou black ducks.

Proteomic and Immunological Identification of Diagnostic Antigens from Spirometra erinaceieuropaei Plerocercoid.

Human sparganosis is a food-borne parasitic disease caused by the plerocercoids of Spirometra species. Clinical diagnosis of sparganosis is crucial for effective treatment, thus it is important to identify sensitive and specific antigens of plerocercoids. The aim of the current study was to identify and characterize the immunogenic proteins of Spirometra erinaceieuropaei plerocercoids that were recognized by patient sera.

Traditional Chinese Herbal Medicine Plays a Role in the Liver, Kidney, and Intestine to Ameliorate Hyperuricemia according to Experimental Studies.

In the last few decades, hyperuricemia has drawn increasing attention owing to its global prevalence. Observational surveys have manifested that there is a relation between hyperuricemia and increased risks of hypertension, chronic kidney disease, cardiovascular events, metabolic disorders, end stage renal disease, and mortality. As alternatives, Traditional Chinese medicinal herbs have demonstrated concrete effects in mitigating hyperuricemia in different experiments.

CircZNF532 knockdown protects retinal pigment epithelial cells against high glucose-induced apoptosis and pyroptosis by regulating the miR-20b-5p/STAT3 axis.

Introduction: The loss of retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells is associated with the etiology of diabetic retinopathy (DR). This study investigated the effects of circular RNA ZNF532 (circZNF532) on apoptosis and pyroptosis of RPE cells.

Materials And Methods: Blood samples were collected from patients with DR and healthy volunteers.

Therapeutic Effects of Sodium Para-Aminosalicylic Acid on Cognitive Deficits and Activated ERK1/2-p90/NF-κB Inflammatory Pathway in Pb-Exposed Rats.

Lead (Pb) is a toxic heavy metal and environmental pollutant that adversely affects the nervous system. However, effective therapeutic drugs for Pb-induced neurotoxicity have yet to be developed. In the present study, we investigated the ameliorative effect of sodium para-aminosalicylic acid (PAS-Na) on Pb-induced neurotoxicity.

Decorin regulates myostatin and enhances proliferation and differentiation of embryonic myoblasts in Leizhou black duck.

Skeletal muscle is one of the most important economic traits in the poultry industry whose development goes through several processes influenced by several candidate genes. This study explored the regulatory role of DCN on MSTN and the influence of these genes on the proliferation and differentiation of embryonic myoblasts in Leizhou black ducks. Embryonic myoblasts were transfected with over-expressing DCN, Si-DCN, and empty vector and cultured for 24 h, 48 h, and 72 h of proliferation and the comparative expression of DCN and MSTN were measured.

Ovarian transcriptomic analysis and follicular development of Leizhou black duck.

This study investigated the factors that caused the differences in egg production during the development of ovarian follicles in Leizhou black ducks. Leizhou black ducks population was divided into 2 groups as high-yield group (HG) and low-yield group (LG). The number of eggs (NE), age at first egg (AFE), weight at first egg, and egg weight (EW) of both groups were recorded, and differences were analyzed using the t test.