Impact of dexmedetomidine on agitation and inflammatory response during recovery from anesthesia in young children following cochlear implantation surgery.

Objective: To evaluate the impact of dexmedetomidine (Dex) on agitation and inflammatory response during recovery from anesthesia in young children following cochlear implantation surgery.

Methods: We randomly divided 80 children who underwent unilateral cochlear implantation into two equal groups. Group D received an intravenous infusion of Dex after induction of anesthesia, while those in group C received an equal volume of saline infusion.

Fe-Catalyzed Fluorosulfonylation of Alkenes via Sulfur Dioxide Insertion: Synthesis of Lactam-Functionalized Alkyl Sulfonyl Fluorides.

A novel Fe-catalyzed fluorosulfonylation of alkenes with NaSO and -fluorobenzenesulfonimide (NFSI) for assembling various lactam-functionalized alkyl sulfonyl fluorides is disclosed. In this reaction, NaSO acts as both an SO source and a reductant. Furthermore, the resulting products can be efficiently transformed into valuable chemicals, including sulfonyl esters and sulfonamides, via the sulfur(VI) fluoride exchange (SuFEx) click reaction.

Conversion and fate of waste Li-ion battery electrolyte in a two-stage thermal treatment process.

Disposal of electrolytes from waste lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) has gained much more attention with the growing application of LIBs, yet handling spent electrolyte is challengeable due to its high toxicity and the lack of established methods. In this study, a novel two-stage thermal process was developed for treating residual electrolytes resulted from spent lithium-ion batteries. The conversion of fluorophosphate and organic matter in oily electrolyte during low-temperature rotation distillation was investigated.

Comparison of combined intravenous and inhalation anesthesia and total intravenous anesthesia in laparoscopic surgery and the identification of predictive factors influencing the delayed recovery of neurocognitive function.

Background: Compare the anesthesia effects of combined intravenous and inhalation anesthesia (CIVIA) and total intravenous anesthesia (TIVA) in laparoscopic surgery. Furthermore, our objective is to examine the elements that contribute to the delay in postoperative recovery of neurocognitive function and anticipate the manifestation of delayed recovery by analyzing serum cytokines.

Methods: The CIVIA group and the TIVA group both consisted of 130 patients who were scheduled to have elective major abdominal surgery through laparoscopy.

Transplantation of human induced pluripotent stem cell derived keratinocytes accelerates deep second-degree burn wound healing.

Background: Current evidence shows that human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) can effectively differentiate into keratinocytes (KCs), but its effect on skin burn healing has not been reported.

Aim: To observe the effects of hiPSCs-derived KCs transplantation on skin burn healing in mice and to preliminarily reveal the underlying mechanisms.

Methods: An analysis of differentially expressed genes in burn wounds based on GEO datasets GSE140926, and GSE27186 was established.

Pd-Catalyzed Multicomponent Cross-Coupling of Allyl Esters with Alkyl Bromides and Potassium Metabisulfite: Access to Allylic Sulfones.

A Pd-catalyzed multicomponent cross-coupling of allyl esters with alkyl bromides to synthesize allylic sulfones by using KSO as a connector is first reported. The reaction displays a broad range of substrate generality along with excellent functional group compatibility and produces the products with high regioselectivity (only E). Furthermore, the biologically active molecules with a late-stage modification, including aspirin, menthol, borneol, and estrone, are also highly compatible with the multicomponent cross-coupling reaction.

From Dinitrogen to N-Containing Organic Compounds: Using Li CN as a Synthon.

Through the synergies of a heterogeneous synthetic approach and a homogeneous synthetic methodology, N-containing organic compounds can be synthesized via activated N-containing species prepared from N gas and suitable carbon sources. From N , carbon, and LiH, we have previously succeeded in the high-yield preparation of Li CN as the activated N-containing species. In this work, we applied Li CN as a novel synthetic synthon for constructing N-containing organic compounds.

Multicomponent Sulfonylation of Alkenes to Access β-Substituted Arylsulfones.

A novel multicomponent sulfonylation of alkenes is described for the assembly of various β-substituted arylsulfones using cheap and easily available KSO as a sulfur dioxide source. Of note, the procedure does not need any extra oxidants and metal catalysts and exhibits a relatively wide substrate scope and good functional group compatibility. Mechanistically, an initial arylsulfonyl radical is formed involving the insertion of sulfur dioxide with aryl diazonium salt, followed by alkoxyarylsulfonylation or hydroxysulfonylation of alkenes.

Synthesis of pyrimidines from dinitrogen and carbon.

The element nitrogen and nitrogenous compounds are vital to life. The synthesis of nitrogen-containing compounds using dinitrogen as the nitrogen source, not through ammonia, is of great interest and great value but remains a grand challenge. Herein, we describe a strategy to realize this transformation by combining the heterogeneous approach with the homogeneous methodology.

The transient-chelating-group-controlled stereoselective Rh(i)-catalyzed silylative aminocarbonylation of 2-alkynylanilines: access to ()-3-(silylmethylene)indolin-2-ones.

A new method involving mild acryl transient-chelating-group-controlled stereoselective Rh(i)-catalyzed silylative aminocarbonylation of 2-alkynylanilines with CO and silanes is presented for producing ()-3-(silylmethylene)indolin-2-ones. Upon using an acryl transient chelating group, 2-alkynylanilines undergo an unprecedented alkyne -silylrhodation followed by aminocarbonylation to assemble ()-3-(silylmethylene)indolin-2-ones. Mechanistic studies show that acryl transient chelating effects result in the key alkyne -silylrhodation process.

Copper(I)-Catalyzed Cross-Coupling of Arylsulfonyl Radicals with Diazo Compounds: Assembly of Arylsulfones.

A novel copper-catalyzed cross-coupling of arylsulfonyl radicals with diazo compounds is described for the synthesis of various arylsulfones under mild conditions. In this reaction, the cheap, environmentally friendly, and readily available inorganic KSO is employed as the sulfur dioxide source for providing arylsulfonyl radicals. In addition, a radical mechanism involving the insertion of sulfur dioxide with aryl radicals followed by the coupling of arylsulfonyl radicals with copper carbenes is proposed.

Timing selection for loosened tooth fixation based on degree of alveolar bone resorption: a finite element analysis.

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate timing of fixation to retard bone absorption using finite element analysis(FEA).

Methods: Volunteer CT images were used to construct four models of mandibles with varying degrees of alveolar bone resorption. By simulating occlusal force loading, biomechanical analysis was made on the periodontal membrane, tooth root and surrounding bone (both cancellous and cortical) of mandibular dentition.

Radical-Mediated Cascade Spirocyclization of -Benzylacrylamides with Polyhaloalkanes: Access to Polyhalo-Substituted Azaspirocyclohexadienones.

A novel and mild metal-free catalyzed radical-mediated cascade spirocyclization of -benzylacrylamides with polyhaloalkanes is proposed for the preparation of polyhalo-substituted azaspirocyclohexadienones. Notably, polyhaloalkanes are employed as efficient alkyl radical sources via the cleavage of C(sp)-H bonds. This protocol undergoes a cascade radical addition and intramolecular cyclization/dearomatization process, and enables the easy construction of multiple chemical bonds and a spiro ring in a single reaction.

Degradation of organic compounds in hypersaline wastewater concentrate by a supercritical oxidation approach.

Hypersaline wastewater is a typical industrial wastewater produced by iron and steel metallurgy, food material processing and other industries. Aiming at a waste liquid produced by mechanical vapour recompression evaporation and concentration in Tianjin coastal industrial zone, an environment-friendly supercritical water oxidation technology was used to efficiently remove the high-content organic matter in the hypersaline wastewater concentrate (HWC). A comparison of the degradation effects of various oxidants in the supercritical state showed that hydrogen peroxide (HO) could be used as a suitable agent for processing the HWC.

Palladium-catalyzed difunctionalization/dearomatization of -benzylacrylamides with α-carbonyl alkyl bromides: facile access to azaspirocyclohexadienones.

An efficient palladium-catalyzed difunctionalization/dearomatization of -benzylacrylamides with α-carbonyl alkyl bromides as alkyl radical precursors has been described. Various α-carbonyl alkyl bromides, including α-bromoalkyl esters and ketones, reacted smoothly to provide important azaspirocyclohexadienones in moderate to excellent yields. In addition, mechanistic studies suggested that the reaction proceeded a radical pathway.

Evaluation of antibacterial activities of silver nanoparticles on culturability and cell viability of Escherichia coli.

Nanoparticles released into the environment are attracting increasing concern because of their potential toxic effects. Conventional methods for assessing the toxicity of nanoparticles are usually confined to cultivable cells, but not applicable to viable but non-culturable (VBNC) cells. However, it remains unknown whether silver nanoparticles (AgNPs), a typical antimicrobial agent, could induce bacteria into a VBNC state in natural environments.

A positive feedback loop between Periostin and TGFβ1 induces and maintains the stemness of hepatocellular carcinoma cells via AP-2α activation.

Background: Liver cancer stem cells (LCSCs) play key roles in the metastasis, recurrence, and chemotherapeutic resistance of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Our previous research showed that the POSTN gene is closely related to the malignant progression and poor prognosis of HCC. This study aimed to elucidate the role of POSTN in generating LCSCs and maintaining their stemness as well as the underlying mechanisms.

Optimisation of the Conversion and Extraction of Arctigenin From Into Arctiin Using Fungi.

is commonly used in Chinese medicine, and arctiin and arctigenin are its main active ingredients. Arctiin has low bioavailability in the human body and needs to be converted into arctigenin by intestinal microbes before it can be absorbed into the blood. Arctigenin has antiviral, anti-inflammatory, and anti-tumour effects and its development has important value.

Diagnosis of Double-chambered Left Ventricle of Superior-inferior Type by Echocardiography: A Retrospective Study of 9 Subjects across Two Heart Centers.

Background: Double-chambered left ventricle (DCLV) is extremely rare. Challenges remain in accurate diagnosis of DCLV by echocardiography, because it is easily confused with left ventricular diverticulum, left ventricular aneurysm, ventricular septal defect, etc. Herein, we reviewed echocardiographic characteristics of DCLV and evaluated the accuracy of echocardiographic diagnosis.

TiO photoexcitation promoted horizontal transfer of resistance genes mediated by phage transduction.

Environmental pollution caused by antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) has attracted wide concerns, and various approaches have been proposed to control ARGs dissemination. TiO photoexcitation under UV irradiation has been used for such a purpose. But the actual UV intensity is insufficient to trigger the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the aqueous environment.

Divergent functionalization of terminal alkynes enabled alkynylative [5+1] benzannulation of 3-acetoxy-1,4-enynes.

We here describe an alkynylative [5+1] benzannulation of 3-acetoxy-1,4-enynes with terminal alkynes, which enables both the construction of a benzene ring skeleton and intermolecular incorporation of an alkynyl group in a single reaction using Pd and Cu cooperative catalysts. The method represents efficient access to internal aryl alkynes through divergent functionalization of two terminal alkyne components: one alkyne serves as the one-carbon unit to realize the [5+1] benzannulation and the other alkyne as a nucleophile terminates the reaction.

The amino acid variants in HLA II molecules explain the major association with adult-onset Still's disease in the Han Chinese population.

Adult-onset Still's disease (AOSD) is a rare autoinflammatory disease with systemic involvement, and its pathophysiology remains unclear. Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) in the Chinese population have revealed an association between AOSD and the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) locus; however, causal variants in the MHC remain undetermined. In the present study, we identified independent amino-acid polymorphisms in human leukocyte antigen (HLA) molecules that are associated with Han Chinese patients with AOSD by fine-mapping the MHC locus.

Anaerobic reduction of high-polarity nitroaromatic compounds by electrochemically active bacteria: Roles of Mtr respiratory pathway, molecular polarity, mediator and membrane permeability.

Electrochemically active bacteria (EAB) are effective for the bioreduction of nitroaromatic compounds (NACs), but the exact reduction mechanisms are unclear yet. Therefore, 3-nitrobenzenesulfonate (NBS) was used to explore the biodegradation mechanism of NACs by EAB. Results show that NBS could be anaerobically degraded by Shewanella oneidensis MR-1.