NMDA receptor activation induces damage of alveolar type II cells and lung fibrogenesis through ferroptosis.

Ferroptosis, a newly discovered type of regulated cell death, has been implicated in numerous human diseases. Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a progressive and ultimately fatal interstitial lung disease with poor prognosis and limited treatment options. Emerging evidence has linked ferroptosis and glutamate-determined cell fate which is considered a new light on the etiology of pulmonary fibrosis.

Topical Ozone Accelerates Diabetic Wound Healing by Promoting Re-Epithelialization through the Activation of IGF1R-EGFR Signaling.

Ozonated oil increases the healing of chronic diabetic wounds, but the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. We investigated the effect of topical ozonated oil on wound healing in mice with diabetes with diet-induced obesity and further elucidated the role of EGFR and IGF1R signaling in diabetic wound healing. We found that topical ozonated oil accelerated wound healing; increased phosphorylation of IGF1R, EGFR, and VEGFR; and improved vascularization at the wound leading edge in mice with diabetes with diet-induced obesity.

Bipolar Hemicyanine-Based Photodynamic Modulation of Type I Pathway for Efficient Sterilization and Real-Time Monitoring.

The development of photosensitizers with low oxygen dependence for generating type I ROS is in high demand to be able to treat pathogenic infections in hypoxic conditions. Here, we report a series of cationic bipolar hemicyanines (C3, C6, and C10) with alkyl linkers of varying lengths that are found to exclusively produce hydroxyl radicals and superoxide radicals with the aid of white light and that have different antibacterial abilities toward a variety of pathogens. Furthermore, hemicyanines could differentiate live from dead bacteria to track the status of pathogens in real time.

Design and Application of Conjugated Polymer Nanomaterials for Detection and Inactivation of Pathogenic Microbes.

Infectious deaths due to drug resistance of pathogens caused by the abuse of antibiotics have seriously endangered public health in the world. Therefore, it is urgent to develop diversified methods for rapid detection of pathogens and antimicrobial drugs that are not prone to develop resistance. Conjugated polymers (CPs) are macromolecular compounds composed of many luminescent units through covalent bond.

Poly(p-phenylenevinylene) nanoparticles modified with antiEGFRvIII for specific glioblastoma therapy.

Glioblastoma is the most common primary brain cancer and it is nearly impossible to remove the entire tumor with surgery or a single drug. EGFRvIII is the most frequent genetic change associated with glioblastoma, so EGFRvIII-based targeting therapies provide promise for treating glioblastoma. Herein, poly[2-methoxy-5-(2'-ethylhexyloxy)-p-phenylenevinylene] (PPV) was used as the core to prepare a conjugated polymer nanoparticle (PPVN) modified with anti-EGFRvIII (PPVN-A) that exhibited high ROS generation ability under white light irradiation.

pH-Sensitive Near-IR Emitting Dinuclear Ruthenium Complex for Recognition, Two-Photon Luminescent Imaging, and Subcellular Localization of Cancer Cells.

A dinuclear Ru(II) complex of [(bpy)Ru(Hdip)Ru(Hbip)](ClO) {bpy is 2,2'-bipyridine, Hdip is 2-(2,6-di(pyridin-2-yl)-pyridin-4-yl)-1-imidazo[4,5-]-[1,10]phenanthroline, and Hbip is 2,6-bis(imidazole-2-yl)-pyridine} was synthesized and characterized by elemental analysis, mass spectrometry, and H NMR spectroscopy. Spectrophotometric pH titrations in aqueous buffer and in vitro cell experiments indicated the response ability of the complex to pH fluctuations in the physiological pH range (6.0-8.

Conjugated Polymer and Triphenylamine Derivative Codoped Nanoparticles for Photothermal and Photodynamic Antimicrobial Therapy.

The photothermal conjugated polymer (DPPT-TT) and a triphenylamine derivative (DPATP-CN) codoped nanoparticles (DDNPs) were designed and prepared via self-assembly. The obtained DDNPs exhibit both efficient and stable photothermal properties and excellent ROS production capability to synergistically achieve photothermal therapy (PTT) and photodynamic therapy (PDT). DDNPs showed antimicrobial activity with more than 70%, 90%, and 99% inhibition ratio, respectively, toward Gram-(-) bacteria (), Gram-(+) bacteria (), and fungi () under combined irradiation of near-infrared light and white light.

Near-IR/Visible-Emitting Thiophenyl-Based Ru(II) Complexes: Efficient Photodynamic Therapy, Cellular Uptake, and DNA Binding.

Near-IR-emitting and/or efficiently photodynamic water-soluble Ru(II) complexes that hold great application potentials as photodynamic therapy and/or photodetection agents for cancers have been poorly explored. In this paper, the solvatochromism, calf thymus DNA binding, and singlet oxygen generation properties of a known ruthenium(II) complex of visible-emitting [Ru(bpy)(dtdpq)](ClO) () and a new homoleptic complex of near-IR-emitting [Ru(dtdpq)](ClO) () (bpy = 2,2'-bipyridine, dtdpq = 2,3-bis(thiophen-2-yl)pyrazino[2,3-][1,10]phenanothroline) in water are reported. Moreover, DNA photocleavage, singlet oxygen generation in HeLa cells, cellular uptake/localization, and in vitro photodynamic therapy for cancer cells of water-soluble are described in detail.

DNA groove-binding and acid-base properties of a Ru(II) complex containing anthryl moieties.

DNA groove binders have been poorly studied as compared to the intercalators. A novel Ru(II) complex of [Ru(aeip)(Haip)](PF) {Haip = 2-(9-anthryl)-1-imidazo[4,5-][1,10]phenanthroline and aeip = 2-(anthracen-9-yl)-1-ethyl-imidazo[4,5-][1, 10]phenanthroline} is synthesized and characterized by elemental analysis, H NMR spectroscopy and mass spectrometry. The complex is evidenced to be a calf-thymus DNA groove binder with a large intrinsic binding constant of 10 M order of magnitude as supported by UV-visible absorption spectral titrations, salt effects, DNA competitive binding with ethidium bromide, DNA melting experiment, DNA viscosity measurements and density functional theory calculations.

Recent Progress in Polynuclear Ruthenium Complex-Based DNA Binders/Structural Probes and Anticancer Agents.

Ruthenium complexes have stood out by several mononuclear complexes which have entered into clinical trials, such as imidazolium [trans-RuCl4(1H-imidazole)(DMSO-S)] (NAMI-A) and ([Ru(II)(4,4'-dimethyl-2,2'-bipyridine)2-(2(2'-,2'':5'',2'''-terthiophene)-imidazo[4,5-f] [1,10]phenanthroline)] 2+) (TLD-1433), opening a new avenue for developing promising ruthenium-based anticancer drugs alternative to Cisplatin. Polynuclear ruthenium complexes were reported to exhibit synergistic and/or complementary effects: the enhanced DNA structural recognition and DNA binding as well as in vitro anticancer activities. This review overviews some representative polynuclear ruthenium complexes acting as DNA structural probes, DNA binders and in vitro anticancer agents, which were developed during last decades.

TEM8 functions as a receptor for uPA and mediates uPA-stimulated EGFR phosphorylation.

Background: TEM8 is a cell membrane protein predominantly expressed in tumor endothelium, which serves as a receptor for the protective antigen (PA) of anthrax toxin. However, the physiological ligands for TEM8 remain unknown.

Results: Here we identified uPA as an interacting partner of TEM8.

An Electrostatically Self-Assembled Thin Film Made of Zn-Substituted Tungstoborate and Rhodamine B with Photoelectrochemical Properties.

An electrostatically self-assembled multilayer thin film consisting of alternating layers of Keggin polyoxometalate of Zn-substituted tungstoborate (BW11Zn) and Rhodamine B (RhB) has successfully been prepared on a quartz and indium-tin oxide (ITO) glass substrate. The ultraviolet-visible (UV-vis) absorption spectra demonstrated that the electrostatically self-assembled film of (BW11Zn/RhB)n was uniformly deposited layer by layer, and the RhB molecules in the film formed the J-aggregation. The photoelectrochemical investigations showed that the films generated stable cathodic photocurrents that originated from RhB, and the maximal cathodic photocurrent density generated by an eight-layer film was 4.

Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells Ameliorate Lipid Metabolic Disturbance in Mice.

Unlabelled: : Adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (AD-MSCs) have been shown to ameliorate hyperglycemia in diabetic animals and individuals. However, little is known about whether AD-MSCs affect lipid metabolism. Here we have demonstrated for the first time that AD-MSC infusion can significantly suppress the increase in body weight and remarkably improve dyslipidemia in db/db obese mice and diet-induced obesity mice.

Aggregation of Ribosomal Protein S6 at Nucleolus Is Cell Cycle-Controlled and Its Function in Pre-rRNA Processing Is Phosphorylation Dependent.

Ribosomal protein S6 (rpS6) has long been regarded as one of the primary r-proteins that functions in the early stage of 40S subunit assembly, but its actual role is still obscure. The correct forming of 18S rRNA is a key step in the nuclear synthesis of 40S subunit. In this study, we demonstrate that rpS6 participates in the processing of 30S pre-rRNA to 18S rRNA only when its C-terminal five serines are phosphorylated, however, the process of entering the nucleus and then targeting the nucleolus does not dependent its phosphorylation.

Preparation, electrochemical properties and electrocatalytic activity of Zn-substituted tungstoborate modified electrode.

3-Aminopropyltrimethoxysilane (APTMS) was covalently grafted on a glassy carbon electrode (GCE) by silicon-oxygen bonds formation. The APTMS-modified GCE was used as a suitable charged substrate to fabricate Keggin Zn-substituted tungstoborate (BW11Zn)-consisting monolayer film through layer-by-layer assembly based on the electrostatic attraction. This modification strategy is proven to be a general one suitable for anchoring many kinds of POMs on the APTMS-modified GCE.

Detection of STAT2 in early stage of cervical premalignancy and in cervical cancer.

Objective: To measure the expression pattern of STAT2 in cervical cancer initiation and progression in tissue sections from patients with cervicitis, dysplasia, and cervical cancer.

Methods: Antibody against human STAT2 was confirmed by plasmids transient transfection and Western blot. Immunohistochemistry was used to detect STAT2 expression in the cervical biopsies by using the confirmed antibody against STAT2 as the primary antibody.

Preparation and electrochemical and electrocatalytic properties of nanocomposite multilayer film based on a Keggin-type phosphomolybdate.

An electrostatically self-assembled multilayer film has successfully been prepared on quartz or indium-tin-oxide substrates by alternating adsorption of a Keggin-type phosphomolybdate H3PMo12O40 (PMo12) and 1,10-diaminodecane (1,10-DAD). The formation of (PMo12/1,10-DAD), film was investigated by ultraviolet (UV) spectroscopy. The UV spectra showed that the deposition of the films was uniform and reproducible.

Preparation and photocatalytic activity of an electrostatically self-assembled film made of [PMo12O40](3-) and a bipolar hemicyanine cation.

An electrostatically self-assembled film of PMo12/H6 has successfully been prepared on quartz substrates by alternating adsorption of [PMo12O40(3-) (PMo12) and a bipolar hemicyanine derivative of (E)-1,1'-(hexane-1,6-diyl)bis(4-(4-(dimethylamino)styryl)pyridinium) bromide (H6Br2). The UV-visible spectra showed that the film was uniformly deposited and the charge transfer between two film-forming components might occur in the film. The photocatalytic performance of the film was studied for the degradation of aqueous dye Methyl Red (MR) under UV irradiation.

[Synthesis, spectroscopy and photocatalytic activity of II B elements substituted tungstoborate heteropoly complexes].

The Keggin II B element-monosubstitiuted heteropoly compounds with the stoichiometry of K7 [BW11 O39 M(H2O)] (M = Zn, Cd) were prepared by one-pot method and characterizated via elemental analyses, FTIR, UV and XRD. The photocatalytic activity of K7 [BW11O39M(H2O)] was tested vis degradation of the model molecule, methyl red (MR). After 60 min irradiation in the presence of K7 [BW11O39M(H2O)] (20 mg x L(-1)), the degradation rate of an aqueous MR (25 micromol X L(-1), pH 2) got to 95%.

Self-assembled films of a biferrocenyl-containing hemicyanine derivative with SiW12O40(4-): preparation, UV-visible spectroscopy and electrochemical properties.

Electrostatic self-assembled films were successfully prepared by alternating deposition of SiW12O40(4-) and a biferrocenyl-containing hemicyanine derivative on quartz or indium-tin-oxide coated glass substrates. The films were characterized by UV-visible absorption spectroscopy and cyclic voltammetry.

A triphenylamine-grafted imidazo[4,5-f][1,10]phenanthroline ruthenium(II) complex: acid-base and photoelectric properties.

A new heteroleptic ruthenium(II) complex of [Ru(Hipdpa)(Hdcbpy)(NCS)(2)](-).0.5H(+).

Preparation and second-harmonic generation properties of a self-assembled multilayer film based on nanoporous isopolyoxomolybdate and bipolar hemicyanine.

An electrostatic self-assembled multilayer film has successfully been prepared by alternating adsorption of a wheel-shaped nanoporous isopolyoxomolybdate and a bipolar hemicyanine derivative, as monitored by absorption spectroscopy. The square roots of second-harmonic intensities of the film exhibit quadratic dependence on film thickness up to 10 layers. The average titled angle of the nonlinear optical chromophores to the substrate normal is derived to be 34 degrees by polarized second-harmonic generation measurements.