Feedback matters: EEG correlates of empathy involved in the naturalistic communication of emotions.

Empathy involves the processing of complex information related to dynamic interactions between the empathizer and target. One neural signature of empathy is the suppression of electroencephalographic mu rhythm (8-13 Hz) over the sensorimotor region. It is important to consider that few researchers have studied the effects of empathizer feedback on empathy and its underlying neural mechanism, and most previous research has lacked ecological validity due to standardized emotional stimuli and constraints on the experiment environment.

Reward system neurodynamics during menstrual pain modulated by Val158Met polymorphisms.

Introduction: Primary dysmenorrhea (PDM), characterized by cyclic pain, may involve pain modulation within the reward system (RS). The Catechol-O-methyltransferase () Val158Met polymorphism, which significantly influences dopamine activity, is linked to the regulation of both acute and chronic pain. This study examines the differential neurodynamic modulation in the RS associated with Val158Met polymorphisms during menstrual pain among PDM subjects.

Neural adaptation of the reward system in primary dysmenorrhea.

The brain's reward system (RS) reacts differently to pain and its alleviation. This study examined the correlation between RS activity and behavior during both painful and pain-free periods in individuals with primary dysmenorrhea (PDM) to elucidate their varying responses throughout the menstrual cycle. Ninety-two individuals with PDM and 90 control participants underwent resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rsfMRI) scans during their menstrual and peri-ovulatory phases.

The rhythmic mind: brain functions of percussionists in improvisation.

Introduction: Percussionists stand out for their expertise in rhythm, with the network for musical rhythm (NMR) serving a vital neurological function in their improvisation, which is deeply rooted in comprehensive musical knowledge. Our research examines the central representations of various improvisation tactics used by percussionists and investigates the interactions between the NMR and other relevant neural networks.

Methods: Twenty-five percussionists participated in functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) sessions, which included two cognitive strategies of improvisation.

Effects of 6-Month Combined Physical Exercise and Cognitive Training on Neuropsychological and Neurophysiological Function in Older Adults with Subjective Cognitive Decline: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background: Multidomain intervention may delay or ameliorate cognitive decline in older adults at risk of Alzheimer's disease, particularly in the memory and inhibitory functions. However, no study systematically investigates the changes of brain function in cognitively-normal elderly with subjective cognitive decline (SCD) when they receive multidomain intervention.

Objective: We aimed to examine whether a multidomain intervention could improve neuropsychological function and neurophysiological activities related to memory and inhibitory function in SCD subjects.

Embodied metacognition as strengthened functional connection between neural correlates of metacognition and dance in dancers: exploring creativity implications.

Introduction: Dance education fosters embodied metacognition, enhancing student's creativity. This study examines the crucial role of functional connectivity (FC) between the neural correlates of metacognition (NCM) and dance (NCD) as the neurological foundation for dancers' embodied metacognition. The investigation also explores whether these consolidated FCs inform the general creativity in dancers.

Inner sense of rhythm: percussionist brain activity during rhythmic encoding and synchronization.

Introduction: The main objective of this research is to explore the core cognitive mechanisms utilized by exceptionally skilled percussionists as they navigate complex rhythms. Our specific focus is on understanding the dynamic interactions among brain regions, respectively, related to externally directed cognition (EDC), internally directed cognition (IDC), and rhythm processing, defined as the neural correlates of rhythm processing (NCRP).

Methods: The research involved 26 participants each in the percussionist group (PG) and control group (CG), who underwent task-functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) sessions focusing on rhythm encoding and synchronization.

Delay Analysis in Closed-Loop EEG Phase-Triggered Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation.

The recent development of closed-loop EEG phase-triggered transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) has advanced potential applications of adaptive neuromodulation based on the current brain state. Closed-loop TMS involves instantaneous acquisition of the EEG rhythm, timing prediction of the target phase, and triggering of TMS. However, the accuracy of EEG phase prediction algorithms is largely influenced by the system's transport delay, and their relationship is rarely considered in related work.

Versatile Effects of GABA Oolong Tea on Improvements in Diastolic Blood Pressure, Alpha Brain Waves, and Quality of Life.

Emerging evidence has demonstrated that using a new manufacturing technology to produce γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA)-fortified oolong (GO) tea could relieve human stress and exert versatile physiological benefits. The purpose of this human study was to investigate the therapeutic effects of daily GO tea consumption on improvements in blood pressure, relaxation-related brain waves, and quality of life (QOL) over a period of 28 consecutive days. Total polyphenols, major catechins, and free amino acids were analyzed via an HPLC assay.

Enhanced white matter fiber tract of the cortical visual system in visual artists: implications for creativity.

Introduction: This study aimed to examine the white matter characteristics of visual artists (VAs) in terms of visual creativity and the structural connectivity within the cortical visual system.

Methods: Diffusion spectrum imaging was utilized to examine the changes in white matter within the cortical visual system of a group of VAs ( = 25) in comparison to a group of healthy controls matched for age and education ( = 24). To assess the integrity of white matter and its relationship with visual creativity, we conducted a comprehensive analysis using region-based and track-specific tractographic examinations.

Corrigendum: Enhanced intrinsic functional connectivity in the visual system of visual artist: implications for creativity.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2023.

Trait representation of embodied cognition in dancers pivoting on the extended mirror neuron system: a resting-state fMRI study.

Introduction: Dance is an art form that integrates the body and mind through movement. Dancers develop exceptional physical and mental abilities that involve various neurocognitive processes linked to embodied cognition. We propose that dancers' primary trait representation is movement-actuated and relies on the extended mirror neuron system (eMNS).

A118G polymorphism modulating motor pathway for pain adaptability in women with primary dysmenorrhea.

Introduction: Primary dysmenorrhea (PDM) is a common condition among women of reproductive age, characterized by menstrual pain in the absence of any organic causes. Previous research has established a link between the A118G polymorphism in the mu-opioid receptor () gene and pain experience in PDM. Specifically, carriers of the G allele have been found to exhibit maladaptive functional connectivity between the descending pain modulatory system and the motor system in young women with PDM.

Community-based exercise and nutritional interventions to improve frailty syndrome among older adults: A quasi-experimental study.

This study aimed to explore the efficacy of single and combined effects of exercise and branched-chain amino acid (BCAA) supplements on improving frailty and quality of life in older adults. In total, 120 study participants were allocated into a combined exercise-and-BCAA supplementation group, an exercise-only group, a BCAA supplementation-only group, and a control group. Results showed that Fried's frailty score significantly decreased in the combined exercise-and-BCAA supplementation group (β= -1.

Enhanced intrinsic functional connectivity in the visual system of visual artist: Implications for creativity.

Introduction: This study sought to elucidate the cognitive traits of visual artists (VAs) from the perspective of visual creativity and the visual system (i.e., the most fundamental neural correlate).

Adaptive neuroplasticity in the default mode network contributing to absence of central sensitization in primary dysmenorrhea.

Introduction: Primary dysmenorrhea (PDM), the most prevalent gynecological problem among women of reproductive age, presents as a regular pattern of cyclic menstrual pain. The presence or absence of central sensitization (i.e.

MEG-based Classification and Grad-CAM Visualization for Major Depressive and Bipolar Disorders with Semi-CNN.

Major depressive disorder (MDD) and bipolar disorder (BD) are two major mood disorders with partly overlapped symptoms but different treatments. However, their misdiagnosis and mistreatment are common based on the DSM-V criteria, lacking objective and quantitative indicators. This study aimed to develop a novel approach that accurately classifies MDD and BD based on their resting-state magnetoencephalography (MEG) signals during euthymic phases.

Long-term musical training induces white matter plasticity in emotion and language networks.

Numerous studies have reported that long-term musical training can affect brain functionality and induce structural alterations in the brain. Singing is a form of vocal musical expression with an unparalleled capacity for communicating emotion; however, there has been relatively little research on neuroplasticity at the network level in vocalists (i.e.

PADAr: physician-oriented artificial intelligence-facilitating diagnosis aid for retinal diseases.

Retinopathy screening via digital imaging is promising for early detection and timely treatment, and tracking retinopathic abnormality over time can help to reveal the risk of disease progression. We developed an innovative physician-oriented artificial intelligence-facilitating diagnosis aid system for retinal diseases for screening multiple retinopathies and monitoring the regions of potential abnormality over time. Our dataset contains 4908 fundus images from 304 eyes with image-level annotations, including diabetic retinopathy, age-related macular degeneration, cellophane maculopathy, pathological myopia, and healthy control (HC).

Cancellation but not restraint ability is modulated by trait anxiety: An event-related potential and oscillation study using Go-Nogo and stop-signal tasks.

Background: Trait anxiety has a detrimental effect on attention, which further leads to dysfunction of inhibitory control. However, there is no study examining how trait anxiety modulates inhibitory abilities on restraint and cancellation in the same subjects. Therefore, we aimed to use electrophysiological recordings to interrogate whether and to what extent trait anxiety modulated these two kinds of inhibitory functions.