As a key planar cell polarity protein, Van Gogh-like 2 (Vangl2) is essential for mammalian spermatogenesis. As a decapod crustacean, Eriocheir sinensis exhibits distinct spermatogenic processes due to its unique seminiferous tubule morphology and hemolymph-testis barrier (HTB). To determine whether Vangl2 performs analogous functions in E.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe hemolymph-testis barrier (HTB) is a reproduction barrier in Crustacea, guaranteeing the safe and smooth process of spermatogenesis, which is similar to the blood-testis barrier (BTB) in mammals. The MAPK signaling pathway plays an essential role in spermatogenesis and maintenance of the BTB. However, only a few studies have focused on the influence of MAPK on crustacean reproduction.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWorld J Clin Cases
February 2024
Background: The majority of gastric neuroendocrine tumors (G-NENs) are present in various lesions under endoscopy, and they can be polypoid uplifts, submucosal tumors or papules, erosions, and ulcers. The lesions are mostly confined to the mucosal or submucosal layer, usually less than 2 cm, and exclusively localized to the gastric body or fundus. In type 1 G-NENs, about 22% of cases have no visible lesions under an endoscope, and such lesions can only be detected biopsies (microcarcinoids).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe myosin motor protein myosin VI plays an essential role in mammalian spermatogenesis, however, the effects of myosin VI on male reproduction in Crustacea remain obscure. We identified the macromolecule es-Myosin VI in Eriocheir sinensis, and studied it by multiple methods. It co-localized with F-actin and was highly expressed in the testis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFβ-CATENIN is an evolutionarily conserved multifunctional molecule that maintains cell adhesion as a cell junction protein to safeguard the integrity of the mammalian blood-testes barrier, and also regulates cell proliferation and apoptosis as a key signaling molecule in the WNT/β-CATENIN signaling pathway. In the crustacean Eriocheir sinensis, Es-β-CATENIN has been shown to be involved in spermatogenesis, but the testes of E. sinensis have large and well-defined structural differences from those of mammals, and the impact of Es-β-CATENIN in them is still unknown.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSpermatogenesis is a complicated process that includes spermatogonia differentiation, spermatocytes meiosis, spermatids spermiogenesis and final release of spermatozoa. Actin-related protein 3 (Arp3) and epidermal growth factor receptor pathway substrate 8 (Eps8) are two actin binding proteins that regulate cell adhesion in seminiferous tubules during mammalian spermatogenesis. However, the functions of these two proteins during spermatogenesis in nonmammalian species, especially Crustacea, are still unknown.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSpermatogenesis is a finely regulated process of germ cell proliferation and differentiation that leads to the production of sperm in seminiferous tubules. Although the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling pathway is crucial for spermatogenesis in mammals, its functions and molecular mechanisms in spermatogenesis remain largely unknown in nonmammalian species, particularly in Crustacea. In this study, we first identified es-Raptor (the core component of mTOR complex 1) and es-Rictor (the core component of mTOR complex 2) from the testis of Eriocheir sinensis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFollicle-stimulating hormone signaling is essential for the initiation and early stages of spermatogenesis. Follicle-stimulating hormone receptor is exclusively expressed in Sertoli cells. As the only type of somatic cell in the seminiferous tubule, Sertoli cells regulate spermatogenesis not only by controlling their own number and function but also through paracrine actions to nourish germ cells surrounded by Sertoli cells.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFront Endocrinol (Lausanne)
April 2022
Androgen receptor signaling pathway is necessary to complete spermatogenesis in testes. Difference between androgen binding location in Sertoli cell classifies androgen receptor signaling pathway into classical signaling pathway and non-classical signaling pathway. As the only somatic cell type in seminiferous tubule, Sertoli cells are under androgen receptor signaling pathway regulation androgen receptor located in cytoplasm and plasma membrane.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPest management, which is critical for global crop productivity, is hampered by rapidly evolving insecticide resistance in insect pests. The ability to manage the development of insecticide resistance is thus vital. Nitric oxide (NO) is a ubiquitous signaling molecule with important functions in a variety of biological processes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFChlamydomonas reinhardtii offers a great promise for large-scale production of multiple recombinant proteins of pharmaceutical and industrial interest. However, the nuclear-encoding transgenes usually are expressed at a low level, which severely hampers the use of this alga in molecular farming. In this study, the promoter of the endogenous intraflagellar transport 25 (IFT25) gene of C.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRehmannia glutinosa is an important medicinal herb that cannot be replanted in the same field due to the effects of autotoxic substances. The effects of these substances on R. glutinosa in continuous cropping systems are unknown.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAchieving site selectivity in C-H functionalization reactions is a significant challenge, especially when the target C-H bond is distant from existing functional groups. Coordination of a functional group to a metal is often a key driving force and control element in many important reactions including asymmetric hydrogenation, epoxidation and lithiation. Exploitation of this effect has led to the development of a broad range of directed C-H activation reactions.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjective: In contrast to the newly-planted plants, through measuring and analyzing the chlorophyll content, photosynthetic characteristics, root activity and enzyme activity of Rehmannia glutinosa in growth stages, the differentiation manifestation of R. glutinosa physiological activity mediated by continuous cropping was studied.
Methods: SPAD-502 chlorophyll meter was used to measure chlorophyll content and LI-6400 portable photosynthetic apparatus to determine plant photosynthetic characteristics.
World J Gastroenterol
October 2012
Crohn's disease is a granulomatous systemic disorder of unknown etiology. Obvious pulmonary involvement is exceptional. Tracheal involvement in Crohn's disease is even more unusual, only a few cases have been reported to date.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRehmannia is a medicinal plant in China. Autotoxicity has been reported to be one of the major problems hindering the consecutive monoculture of Rehmannia. However, potential autotoxins produced by the fibrous roots are less known.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFActa Crystallogr Sect E Struct Rep Online
June 2009
The title compound, [Cu(C(12)H(8)N(2))(2)](2)[W(6)O(19)], consists of two [Cu(phen)(2)](+) cations (phen = 1,10-phenanthroline) and one typical [W(6)O(19)](2-) isopolyanion. The Cu(I) atom is coordinated by four N atoms from two bidentate chelating phen ligands in a distorted tetra-hedral geometry. The hexa-tungstate anion, lying on an inversion center and possessing the well known Lindqvist structure, is formed by six edge-sharing WO(6) octa-hedra, thus exhibiting an approximate O(h) symmetry.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFChem Pharm Bull (Tokyo)
September 2008
Four new natural products possessing vibralactone skeleton, 1,5-secovibralactone (1), vibralactone B (2), vibralactone C (3) and acetylated vibralactone (4), together with known compound vibralactone (5), had been isolated from cultures of the basidiomycete Boreostereum vibrans. The structures of 1-4 were elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic methods. The absolute configuration of 1 was suggested to be S by computational methods.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjective: To investigate the effect of five kinds of fertilizers at three application levels on the content of 2-undecanone and carbohydrate in Houttuynia cordata.
Method: A single factor randomized block design was used to investigate the content of 2-undecanone and carbohydrate in the plant.
Result: The results showed that the content of 2-undecanone was the highest both in aerial and underground parts of H.
Nine new acetylenic acids, gallicynoic acids A-I ( 1- 9), have been isolated from a culture of the basidiomycete Coriolopsis gallica. The structures of 1- 9 were elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic and chemical means.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFA new phenyl-ethanediol, (1S)-(4-acetylphenyl)-1, 2-ethanediol (1), and a new natural product, (1S)-(3-ethenylphenyl)-1, 2-ethanediol (2), were isolated from the culture broth of the basidiomycete Boletus edulis together with three related known compounds, 1-(4-ethylphenyl)-1, 2-ethanediol (3), 1-(3-ethylphenyl)-1, 2-ethanediol (4) and 1-(3-formylphenyl)-ethanone (5). Their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic methods including extensive 2D-NMR techniques.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFA fungal pigment, hypocrellin D (1), together with three known perylenequinone derivatives hypocrellin A (2), B (3) and C (4), was isolated from the fruiting bodies of Shiraia bambusicola. Its structure was elucidated on the basis of spectral data including 2D NMR experiments. Hypocrellin D (1) significantly inhibited the growth of tumor cell lines Bel-7721, A-549 and Anip-973 with IC50 values of 1.
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