A Purely Biomanufactured System for Delivering Nanoparticles and STING Agonists.

Nanovaccines have significantly contributed in the prevention and treatment of diseases. However, most of these technologies rely on chemical or hybrid semibiological synthesis methods, which limit the manufacturing performance advantages and improved inoculation outcomes compared with traditional vaccines. Herein, a universal and purely biological nanovaccine system is reported.

Enhancement of protective efficacy of recombinant attenuated Salmonella typhimurium delivering H9N2 avian influenza virus hemagglutinins(HA) antigen vaccine candidate strains by C-C motif chemokine ligand 5 in chickens(chCCL5).

The H9N2 inactivated avian influenza vaccine cannot induce cellular and mucosal immune responses, while the attenuated Salmonella vector as an intracellular bacterium can induce dominant cellular and mucosal immune responses. However, it provides low protection against the virus when delivering viral antigens and needs further optimization. Chicken C-C motif chemokine ligand 5 (chCCL5) is an important CC chemokine associated with immune cell chemotaxis, migration, and viral infection.

Apatinib combined with temozolomide in diffuse midline glioma: a novel and effective therapy.

Purpose: Diffuse midline glioma (DMG), H3 K27M-mutant is a type of diffuse high-grade glioma that occurs in the brain midline carrying an extremely poor prognosis under the best efforts of surgery, radiation, and other therapies. For better therapy, we explored the efficacy and toxicity of a novel therapy that combines apatinib and temozolomide in DMG.

Methods: A retrospective analysis of 32 patients with DMG who underwent apatinib plus temozolomide treatment was performed.

Divergent Synthesis of Enantioenriched Silicon-Stereogenic Benzyl-, Vinyl- and Borylsilanes via Asymmetric Aryl to Alkyl 1,5-Palladium Migration.

Functionalization of Si-bound methyl group provides an efficient access to diverse organosilanes. However, the asymmetric construction of silicon-stereogenic architectures by functionalization of Si-bound methyl group has not yet been described despite recent significant progress in producing chiral silicon. Herein, we disclosed the enantioselective silylmethyl functionalization involving the aryl to alkyl 1,5-palladium migration to access diverse naphthalenes possessing an enantioenriched stereogenic silicon center, which are inaccessible before.

Evaluation of immunogenicity and protective efficacy of outer membrane vesicles from Salmonella Typhimurium and Salmonella Choleraesuis.

Outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) are membranous structures frequently observed in Gram-negative bacteria that contain bioactive substances. These vesicles are rich in bacterial antigens that can activate the host's immune system, making them a promising candidate vaccine to prevent and manage bacterial infections. The aim of this study was to assess the immunogenicity and protective efficacy of OMVs derived from Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium and S.

The mechanistic view of non-coding RNAs as a regulator of inflammatory pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease.

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by the progressive loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta, leading to motor and non-motor symptoms. Emerging evidence suggests that inflammation plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of PD, with the NLRP3 inflammasome implicated as a key mediator. Nfon-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), including microRNAs (miRNAs) and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), have recently garnered attention for their regulatory roles in various biological processes, including inflammation.

Oral Immunization with Attenuated Choleraesuis Expressing the FedF Antigens Protects Mice against the Shiga-Toxin-Producing Challenge.

Edema disease (ED) is a severe and lethal infectious ailment in swine, stemming from Shiga-toxin-producing (STEC). An efficient, user-friendly, and safe vaccine against ED is urgently required to improve animal welfare and decrease antibiotic consumption. Recombinant attenuated vaccines (RASV) administered orally induce both humoral and mucosal immune responses to the immunizing antigen.

Salmonella enterica serovar Choleraesuis vector outperforms alum as an adjuvant, increasing a cross-protective immune response against Glaesserella parasuis.

The adjuvant and/or vector significantly affect a vaccine's efficacy. Although traditional adjuvants such as alum have contributed to vaccine development, deficiencies in the induction of cellular and mucosal immunity have limited their further promotion. Salmonella vectors have unique advantages for establishing cellular and mucosal immunity due to mucosal pathways of invasion and intracellular parasitism.

A Bacterial mRNA-Lysis-Mediated Cargo Release Vaccine System for Regulated Cytosolic Surveillance and Optimized Antigen Delivery.

Engineered vector-based in vivo protein delivery platforms have made significant progress for both prophylactic and therapeutic applications. However, the lack of effective release strategies results in foreign cargo being trapped within the vector, restricting the provision of significant performance benefits and enhanced therapeutic results compared to traditional vaccines. Herein, the development of a Salmonella mRNA interferase regulation vector (SIRV) system is reported to overcome this challenge.

Nano-Impact Electrochemistry Reveals Kinetics Information of Metal-Ion Battery Materials with Multiple Redox Centers.

Prussian blue (PB) has emerged as a promising cathode material in aqueous batteries. It possesses two distinct redox centers, and the potassium ions (K ) are unevenly distributed throughout the compound, adding complexity to the interpretation of the K insertion/de-insertion kinetic mechanism. Traditional ensemble-averaged measurements are limited in uncovering the precise kinetic information of the PB particles, as the results are influenced by the construction of the porous composite electrode and the redox behavior from different particles.

Palladium-Catalyzed -Alkenylation of -Aryl Phosphoramidates with Alkenes.

Versatile and concise Pd-catalyzed oxidative -alkenylation of -aryl phosphoramidates with alkenes is described in this study, a reaction that is of great significance but surprisingly unexploited. The transformation proceeds under mild reaction conditions, using O as a green oxidant and TBAB as an effective additive. An efficient catalytic system allows a variety of drug-related substrates to participate in these transformations, which is of great interest in the drug discovery and development of phosphoramidates.

Live attenuated Salmonella enterica serovar Choleraesuis vector delivering a virus-like particles induces a protective immune response against porcine circovirus type 2 in mice.

The virus-like particles (VLPs) of porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) is an attractive vaccine candidate that retains the natural conformation of the virion but lacks the viral genome to replicate, thus balancing safety and immunogenicity. However, the assembly of VLPs requires cumbersome subsequent processes, hindering the development of related vaccines. In addition, as a subunit antigen, VLPs are defective in inducing cellular and mucosal immune responses.

Salmonella enterica serovar Choleraesuis vector delivering a dual-antigen expression cassette provides mouse cross-protection against Streptococcus suis serotypes 2, 7, 9, and 1/2.

A universal vaccine protecting against multiple serotypes of Streptococcus suis is urgently needed to improve animal welfare and reduce the consumption of antibiotics. In this study, a dual antigen expression cassette consisting of SS2-SaoA and SS9-Eno was delivered by a recombinant Salmonella Choleraesuis vector to form the vaccine candidate rSC0016(pS-SE). SaoA and Eno were simultaneously synthesized in rSC0016(pS-SE) without affecting the colonization of the recombinant vector in the lymphatic system.

Metal-Free Aminohalogenation of Quinones With Alkylamines and NXS at Room Temperature.

A simple and practical strategy for intermolecular aminohalogenation of quinone with alkyl amines and NXS was developed, in which haloamines generated were employed as bifunctional reagents. The reaction system is reliable, efficient and wide in substrate range, which is suitable for the two-fold aminochlorination of 1, 4-benzoquinones, large-scale reaction and late-stage modification of pharmaceuticals.

An Assessment of China's Digital Trade Development and Influencing Factors.

The pattern and scale of commerce worldwide have been greatly transformed by the Fourth Industrial Revolution and technological advancement; digital trade has become the primary form of trade in the digital economy. On the basis of information network infrastructure, information technology level, digital industrialization level, and industrial digitalization level, this study establishes a comprehensive assessment system that applies an entropy-TOPSIS model to evaluate digital trade development level in China. The results indicate that digital trade in China was steadily growing between 2010 and 2019.

Impacts of Metal-Support Interaction on Hydrogen Evolution Reaction of Cobalt-Nitride-Carbide Catalyst.

Cobalt-nitride-carbide (Co-N-C) catalysts are promising cost-efficient transition metal catalysts for electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution, but few works investigate the metal-support interaction (MSI) effect on hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) performance. Herein, efficient Co-N-C catalysts with controllable MSI between encapsulated Co nanoparticles and nitrogen-doped graphitic carbon nanosheets were synthesized via a facile organic-inorganic hybridization method. Results demonstrate that the Co-N-C catalyst with the coexistence of single-atom Co sites and Co nanoparticles prepared by 0.

The efficacy of Schroth exercises combined with the Chêneau brace for the treatment of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis: a retrospective controlled study.

Purpose: We aimed to determine the global effects of the Chêneau brace combined with Schroth exercises on adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS).

Methods: We analyzed 192 patients with AIS who underwent the Chêneau brace treatment alone or combined with Schroth best practice (SBP) from June 2013 to October 2019. There were 138 patients in the Brace group and 54 patients in the Brace + SBP group.

Variation in human mobility and its impact on the risk of future COVID-19 outbreaks in Taiwan.

Background: As COVID-19 continues to spread around the world, understanding how patterns of human mobility and connectivity affect outbreak dynamics, especially before outbreaks establish locally, is critical for informing response efforts. In Taiwan, most cases to date were imported or linked to imported cases.

Methods: In collaboration with Facebook Data for Good, we characterized changes in movement patterns in Taiwan since February 2020, and built metapopulation models that incorporate human movement data to identify the high risk areas of disease spread and assess the potential effects of local travel restrictions in Taiwan.

Nomograms Predict Overall Survival and Cancer-Specific Survival in Patients with Fibrosarcoma: A SEER-Based Study.

Purpose: Due to the rarity, it is difficult to predict the survival of patients with fibrosarcoma. This study aimed to apply a nomogram to predict survival outcomes in patients with fibrosarcoma.

Methods: A total of 2235 patients with diagnoses of fibrosarcoma were registered in the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database, of whom 663 patients were eventually enrolled.

Live attenuated Salmonella enterica serovar Choleraesuis vector delivering a conserved surface protein enolase induces high and broad protection against Streptococcus suis serotypes 2, 7, and 9 in mice.

Streptococcus suis, a major zoonotic pathogen in swine, can be classified into 35 serotypes. However, no universal vaccine against the multiple serotypes of S. suis is available, though some studies have shown homologous protection.

Variation in human mobility and its impact on the risk of future COVID-19 outbreaks in Taiwan.

Background As COVID-19 continues to spread around the world, understanding how patterns of human mobility and connectivity affect outbreak dynamics, especially before outbreaks establish locally, is critical for informing response efforts. In Taiwan, most cases to date were imported or linked to imported cases. Methods In collaboration with Facebook Data for Good, we characterized changes in movement patterns in Taiwan since February 2020, and built metapopulation models that incorporate human movement data to identify the high risk areas of disease spread and assess the potential effects of local travel restrictions in Taiwan.

Live-attenuated Salmonella enterica serotype Choleraesuis vaccine with regulated delayed fur mutation confer protection against Streptococcus suis in mice.

Background: Recombinant Salmonella enterica serotype Choleraesuis (S. Choleraesuis) vaccine vector could be used to deliver heterologous antigens to prevent and control pig diseases. We have previously shown that a live-attenuated S.

affects anther dehiscence in a male-sterile line.

Anther indehiscence is an important form of functional male sterility that can facilitate the production of hybrid seed; however, the molecular mechanisms of anther indehiscence-based male sterility have not been thoroughly explored in eggplant ( L.). Here, we used two-dimensional gel electrophoresis to compare the protein profiles in the anthers of normally developing (F142) and anther indehiscent (S16) plants.