Bioinformatics and experimental validation were combined to explore lactylation-related biomarkers in HBV-associated acute liver failure.

Background And Aim: Currently, hepatitis B virus-related acute liver failure (HBV-ALF) has limited treatment options. Studies have shown that histone lactylation plays a role in the progression of liver-related diseases. Therefore, it is essential to explore lactylation-related gene (LRGs) biomarkers in HBV-ALF to provide new information for the treatment of HBV-ALF.

The effect of chemical doping on the lithiation processes of the crystalline Si anode ‒ A first-principles study.

We employed first-principles calculations to investigate the effect of chemical doping on the lithiation kinetics and dynamic properties of the c-Si anode. Our ab initio molecular dynamics simulations reveal that phosphorous/arsenic doping can greatly enhance the lithiation kinetics of c-Si, whereas boron doping is unable to produce such an improvement. Our calculations also show that boron doping could enhance Li insertion into c-Si, but phosphorous/arsenic doping tends to increase the insertion energy of Li ions.

Catalytic Asymmetric Construction of Chiral Amines with Three Nonadjacent Stereocenters via Trifunctional Catalysis.

Pharmaceuticals and biologically active natural products usually contain multiple stereocenters. The development of catalytic asymmetric reactions for the direct construction of complex motifs containing three nonadjacent stereocenters is a particularly important and formidable challenge. In this paper, we report an unprecedented method for the direct asymmetric construction of complex chiral amines with 1,3,5- or 1,3,4-stereocenters from readily available achiral and racemic starting materials.

Atrial high-rate episodes intensify RCHADS-VASc score for prognostic stratification in pacemaker patients.

Patients with device detected atrial high-rate episodes (AHRE) have an increased risk of MACE. The RCHADS-VASc, CHADS, RCHADS and CHADS-VASc score have been investigated for predicting major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) in different groups of patients. We aimed to evaluate the RCHADS-VASc score in combination with AHRE ≥ 6 min for predicting MACE in patients with dual-chamber PPM but no prior atrial fibrillation (AF).

Proposed strategies to overcome venous occlusion in the implantation of a cardiac implantable electronic device: A case report and literature review.

This case report describes a successful balloon venoplasty to overcome a total occlusion from the brachiocephalic vein to the superior vena cava in a patient undergoing cardiac resynchronization therapy. It is crucial for implanting physicians to be familiar with strategies to overcome venous occlusion in lead implantation, especially balloon venoplasty, which is an effective and safe approach.

Highly Enantioselective O-H Bond Insertion Reaction of α-Alkyl- and α-Alkenyl-α-diazoacetates with Water.

Catalytic asymmetric reactions in which water is a substrate are rare. Enantioselective transition-metal-catalyzed insertion of carbenes into the O-H bond of water can be used to incorporate water into the stereogenic center, but the reported chiral catalysts give good results only when α-aryl-α-diazoesters are used as the carbene precursors. Herein we report the first highly enantioselective O-H bond insertion reactions between water and α-alkyl- and α-alkenyl-α-diazoesters as carbene precursors, with catalysis by a combination of achiral dirhodium complexes and chiral phosphoric acids or chiral phosphoramides.

Chiral Spiro Phosphoramide-Catalyzed Sulfa-Michael Addition/Enantioselective Protonation of Exocyclic Enones.

A highly efficient asymmetric Michael addition of thiols to exocyclic enones was achieved by using chiral spiro phosphoramide catalysts. The precisely chiral control in the protonation of the enol intermediate ensured high enantioselectivity. The reaction features high activity (yields up to 99%, turnover numbers up to 8400) and high enantioselectivity (up to 97% ee) with a broad substrate scope, and it has the potential for wide application in the synthesis of chiral sulfides.

Highly Enantioselective Copper- and Iron-Catalyzed Intramolecular Cyclopropanation of Indoles.

We report the first intramolecular enantioselective cyclopropanation of indoles, which was accomplished in good to high yield (up to 94%) with excellent enantioselectivity (up to >99.9% ee) by using copper or iron complexes of chiral spiro bisoxazolines as catalysts. This reaction is a straightforward, efficient method for constructing polycyclic compounds with an all-carbon quaternary stereogenic center at the 3-position of the indole skeleton, a core structure shared by numerous natural products and bioactive compounds.

Iridium-catalyzed asymmetric hydrogenation of racemic α-substituted lactones to chiral diols.

We report a protocol for the highly efficient iridium-catalyzed asymmetric hydrogenation of racemic α-substituted lactones dynamic kinetic resolution. Using Ir-SpiroPAP ()- as a catalyst, a wide range of chiral diols were prepared in a high yield (80-95%) with a high enantioselectivity (up to 95% ee) under mild reaction conditions. This protocol was used for enantioselective syntheses of (-)-preclamol and a chiral 2,5-disubstituted tetrahydropyran.

Enantioselective iridium-catalyzed hydrogenation of β,β-disubstituted nitroalkenes.

An iridium complex with a newly prepared chiral spiro amino-phosphine ligand efficiently catalyzed the hydrogenation of both β-aryl-β-methyl-nitroalkenes and β-alkyl-β-methyl-nitroalkenes to the corresponding saturated nitroalkanes, which represents the first report of a chiral catalyst that exhibits high enantioselectivity for the challenging hydrogenation of β,β-dialkyl-nitroalkenes.

Metabolites of scutellarein in rat plasma.

The metabolism of scutellarein was investigated in rats. Four metabolites (M1-M4) together with scutellarein were detected and identified as scutellarein-glucuronides in rat plasma by HPLC-DAD, HPLC-MS, and HPLC-MS/MS.

[Study on bile excretion of scutellarein].

Objective: A HPLC-ECD method was established to determine scutellarin in rat bile.

Method: The analytical column was Prontosil C18 (4.6 mm x 250 mm, 5 microm), and the mobile phase was consisted of methanol, 50 mmol x L(-1) phosphate buffer (adjusted by phosphoric acid to pH 2.