Secondary diabetes due to different etiologies: Four case reports.

Background: As research on diabetes continues to advance, more complex classifications of this disease have emerged, revealing the existence of special types of diabetes, and many of these patients are prone to misdiagnosis and underdiagnosis, leading to treatment delays and increased health care costs. The purpose of this study was to identify four causes of secondary diabetes.

Case Summary: Secondary diabetes can be caused by various factors, some of which are often overlooked.

Recent advances in biomimetic nanodelivery systems: New brain-targeting strategies.

In recent years, brain diseases have seriously threatened human health due to their high morbidity and mortality. Achieving efficient drug delivery to provide satisfactory therapeutic outcomes is currently the greatest challenge in treating brain diseases. The main challenges are the structural peculiarities of the brain and the inability to transport drugs across the blood-brain barrier.

Ultrasound-based artificial intelligence in gastroenterology and hepatology.

Artificial intelligence (AI), especially deep learning, is gaining extensive attention for its excellent performance in medical image analysis. It can automatically make a quantitative assessment of complex medical images and help doctors to make more accurate diagnoses. In recent years, AI based on ultrasound has been shown to be very helpful in diffuse liver diseases and focal liver lesions, such as analyzing the severity of nonalcoholic fatty liver and the stage of liver fibrosis, identifying benign and malignant liver lesions, predicting the microvascular invasion of hepatocellular carcinoma, curative transarterial chemoembolization effect, and prognoses after thermal ablation.

NLRP3 inflammasome sequential changes in Staphylococcus aureus-induced mouse model of acute rhinosinusitis.

The NLR pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome plays a crucial role in lung disease and may have a similar role in upper respiratory tract inflammation. We therefore constructed a C57BL/6 mouse model of acute rhinosinusitis induced by Staphylococcus aureus and investigated the role of the NLRP3 inflammasome in this model. Mice were classified as non-inoculated group (group A) and inoculated groups (groups B, C, D and E, sacrificed 1, 3, 7 and 14 days after inoculation, respectively).

5-(4-Hy-droxy-3-meth-oxy-benz-yl)-1,3-thia-zolidine-2,4-dione monohydrate.

In the title compound, C(11)H(11)NO(4)S·H(2)O, the five-membered thia-zolidine ring is nearly planar, with a maximum deviation of 0.010 (2) Å. The dihedral angle between the thia-zolidine and benzene rings is 49.