Revolutionizing early Alzheimer's disease and mild cognitive impairment diagnosis: a deep learning MRI meta-analysis.

Background:  The early diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and mild cognitive impairment (MCI) remains a significant challenge in neurology, with conventional methods often limited by subjectivity and variability in interpretation. Integrating deep learning with artificial intelligence (AI) in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) analysis emerges as a transformative approach, offering the potential for unbiased, highly accurate diagnostic insights.

Objective:  A meta-analysis was designed to analyze the diagnostic accuracy of deep learning of MRI images on AD and MCI models.

[Meta Analysis on Yield Effect of Biochar for Staple Crops in China].

In order to quantitatively evaluate the impact of biochar on the yield of staple crops in China, a total of 866 pairs of data from 116 published studies were collected. Meta analysis was used to quantitatively analyze the impact of biochar on the yield of staple crops in China and its influencing factors. Meanwhile, a structural equation model (SEM) was constructed to further explain the interaction among the factors.

Single-cell transcriptome profiling of the immune space-time landscape reveals dendritic cell regulatory program in polymicrobial sepsis.

Evident immunosuppression has been commonly seen among septic patients, and it is demonstrated to be a major driver of morbidity. Nevertheless, a comprehensive view of the host immune response to sepsis is lacking as the majority of studies on immunosuppression have focused on a specific type of immune cells. We applied multi-compartment, single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) to dissect heterogeneity within immune cell subsets during sepsis progression on cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) mouse model.

[Protective effect of ginsenoside Rg_1 aganist diabetic retinopathy by inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasome in type 2 diabetic mice].

Ginsenoside Rg_1, one of the main active components of precious traditional Chinese medicine Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma, has the anti-oxidative stress, anti-inflammation, anti-aging, neuroprotection, and other pharmacological effects. Diabetic retinopathy(DR), the most common complication of diabetes, is also the main cause of impaired vision and blindness in the middle-aged and the elderly. The latest research shows that ginsenoside Rg_1 can protect patients against DR, but the protection and the mechanism are rarely studied.

Sestrin2 protects against lethal sepsis by suppressing the pyroptosis of dendritic cells.

Sepsis is defined as life-threatening organ dysfunction caused by a dysregulated host response to infection. Sestrin2 (SESN2), a highly evolutionarily conserved protein, is critically involved in the cellular response to various stresses and has been confirmed to maintain the homeostasis of the internal environment. However, the potential effects of SESN2 in regulating dendritic cells (DCs) pyroptosis in the context of sepsis and the related mechanisms are poorly characterized.

Antagonism of Cerebral High Mobility Group Box 1 Ameliorates Dendritic Cell Dysfunction in Sepsis.

Sepsis has emerged as a global health issue, and accounts for millions of deaths in intensive care units. Dysregulation of the immune response reportedly contributes to the pathogenesis and progression of this lethal condition, which involves both the dysfunction of immune cells and incompetent immunomodulatory mechanisms. High mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) is known as a later inflammatory mediator and is critically involved in the severity and prognosis of sepsis by inducing intractable inflammation and dysfunction of various immune cells.

Sestrin2 protects dendrite cells against ferroptosis induced by sepsis.

Ferroptosis is a nonapoptotic form of programmed cell death triggered by the accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) depended on iron overload. Although most investigations focus on the relationship between ferroptosis and cancer, neurodegenerative diseases, and ischemia/reperfusion injury, research on ferroptosis induced by immune-related inflammatory diseases, especially sepsis, is scarce. Sestrin2 (Sesn2), a highly evolutionary and stress-responsive protein, is critically involved in defense against oxidative stress challenges.

Characteristics of circRNAs expression profiles in the piglets intestine induced by oxidative stress.

Backgroud: Oxidative stress (OS) can affect the expression of key genes and destroy the intestinal structure. However, it is unclear how OS regulates the expression of circular RNAs (circRNAs), microRNAs (miRNAs) and mRNAs.

Objective: The aim of this study was to examine the expression of circRNAs, miRNAs and mRNAs exposed to OS.

circGLI3 Inhibits Oxidative Stress by Regulating the miR-339-5p/VEGFA Axis in IPEC-J2 Cells.

As a new type of noncoding RNA, circular RNA (circRNA) is stable in cells and not easily degraded. This type of RNA can also competitively bind miRNAs to regulate the expression of their target genes. The role of circRNA in the mechanism of intestinal oxidative stress (OS) in weaned piglets is still unclear.

Effect of carrier solvent in 1,2-indanedione formulation on the development of fingermarks on porous substrates.

As an important technique for the detection of fingermarks on porous surfaces, 1,2-indanedione is widely used due to its excellent detection performance. In order to optimize the effectiveness of 1,2-indanedione, several institutions have modified the original formulation. In this study, four different 1,2-indanedione formulations were used to treat fingermarks deposited on different porous substrates to determine the most suitable formulation and whether Solstice-PF can be an alternative carrier solvent for the currently used HFE7100.

Hierarchical integrated processing of reward-related regions in obese males: A graph-theoretical-based study.

Abnormal activities in reward-related regions are associated with overeating or obesity. Preliminary studies have shown that changes in neural activity in obesity include not only regional reward regions abnormalities but also impairments in the communication between reward-related regions and multiple functional areas. A recent study has shown that the transitions between different neural networks are nonrandom and hierarchical, and that activation of particular brain networks is more likely to occur after other brain networks.

Clinicopathological study of mixed cryoglobulinemic glomerulonephritis secondary to hepatitis B virus infection.

Background: Cryoglobulinemic glomerulonephritis (CryoGn) caused by hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection was rarely reported. Our study aimed to investigate the clinical features, renal pathology findings, and prognosis in patients with HBV related CryoGn.

Methods: This was a retrospective study including seven Chinese patients with HBV related CryoGn in a tertiary referral hospital from April 2016 to March 2019.

Clinical Efficiency of Vasopressin or Its Analogs in Comparison With Catecholamines Alone on Patients With Septic Shock: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Background: Vasopressin is an efficient remedy for septic shock patients as its great capacity in promoting hemodynamic stabilization. The aim of current systematic review and meta-analysis is to compare the clinical efficiency of vasopressin or its analogs with sole catecholamines on patients with septic shock.

Methods: A systematic search of Cochrane Library, EMBASE, and PubMed online databases was performed up to 30 Oct 2019 to identify randomized controlled trials comparing use of vasopressin or its analogs (e.

[Study on antipyretic effect of rhubarb on rats and its antipyretic ingredients].

A combination of LC-MS technology and activity evaluation was used to identify the antipyretic ingredients in rhubarb. The rat model of fever was established with dried yeast and then was administered ethanol extract and different polar fractions of rhubarb. Next, the anal temperature of these rats was measured and recorded at 0.

Sestrin2 protects dendritic cells against endoplasmic reticulum stress-related apoptosis induced by high mobility group box-1 protein.

Sestrin2 (SESN2) is a highly evolutionary conserved protein and involved in different cellular responses to various stresses. However, the potential function of SESN2 in immune system remains unclear. The present study was designed to test whether dendritic cells (DCs) could express SESN2, and investigate the underlying molecular mechanism as well as its potential significance.

Single high dose irradiation induces cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in human hepatocellular carcinoma cells through the Ras/Raf/MEK/ERK pathways.

Stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) is emerging as a new noninvasive treatment in patients with primary liver carcinoma or liver-confined metastatic cancer. However, the radiobiological targets remain a subject of debate. Here, we investigated the potential biological effects of the radiation on the human hepatocellular carcinoma HepG2 cells.

Comparative evaluation of epidural bupivacaine alone and bupivacaine combined with magnesium sulfate in providing postoperative analgesia: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Background: The comparative efficacy of epidural bupivacaine alone and bupivacaine combined with magnesium sulfate in providing postoperative analgesia remains controversial.

Methods: We searched Mediline (OvidSP), EMBASE (OvidSP) and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) to identify trials that compared epidural bupivacaine and magnesium sulfate combination (intervention) with bupivacaine alone (control). Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluations (GRADE) framework was used to assess the quality of evidence.

Effects of keto acid supplements on Chinese patients receiving maintenance hemodialysis: a prospective, randomized, controlled, single-center clinical study.

Background: The effects of keto acid (KA) supplements on Chinese patients receiving maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) are unclear. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of KA supplementation on nutritional status, inflammatory markers, and bioelectric impedance analysis (BIA) parameters in a cohort of Chinese patients with MHD without malnutrition.

Methods: This was a prospective, randomized, controlled, single-center clinical study conducted in 2011 till 2014.

Sestrin2: Its Potential Role and Regulatory Mechanism in Host Immune Response in Diseases.

Sestrin2 (SESN2), a highly evolutionarily conserved protein, is critically involved in cellular responses to various stresses. SESN2 has a protective effect on physiological and pathological states mainly via regulating oxidative stress, endoplasmic reticulum stress, autophagy, metabolism, and inflammation. In recent years, breakthrough investigations with regard to the regulation and signaling mechanisms of SESN2 have markedly deepened our understanding of its potential role as well as its significance in host response.

Clinical Outcomes and Clinico-pathological Correlations in Lupus Nephritis with Kidney Biopsy Showing Thrombotic Microangiopathy.

Objective: Renal thrombotic microangiopathy (TMA) is an uncommon pathological finding in lupus nephritis (LN), and its clinical significance remains to be defined.

Methods: Twenty-four patients with lupus nephritis (LN) and renal TMA were selected from a retrospective review of 677 biopsy-proven LN patients, and compared with 48 LN controls without TMA (1:2 ratio) matched according to demographics and treatments.

Results: Renal TMA was noted in 3.

Integration of Neural Reward Processing and Appetite-Related Signaling in Obese Females: Evidence From Resting-State fMRI.

Background: The reward-related regions have been considered a crucial component in the regulation of eating behavior. Furthermore, appetite-related regions associated with reward can influence eating behaviors through altered functional activity related to food in brain areas associated with emotion, memory, sensory processing, motor function, and cognitive control.

Purpose: To investigate the key nodes in obese females of reward-related regions and, based on key nodes, to evaluate the directionality of functional connectivity between key nodes and appetite-related regions.

Analysis of predictive factors for immunosuppressive response in anti-phospholipase A2 receptor antibody positive membranous nephropathy.

Background: Serum anti-phospholipase A2 receptor (PLA2R) antibody was correlated with disease activity of membranous nephropathy(MN). The predictive value of antibody titer changes on immunosuppressive response remains unknown. We investigated predictive value of dynamic change of anti-PLA2R antibody and 24-h urine protein (24hUP) for clinical response of MN.

[Pathogenic Mechanisms of the Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis and Its Role in the Progression of IgA Nephropathy].

Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS),a common pathological change in kidney diseases,may be caused by primary factors or multiple secondary factors. Its pathogenic mechanism remains a hot topic in kidney disease research. FSGS-like pathologic changes are highly in IgA nephropathy.

A Cohort Study of Incidences and Risk Factors for Thromboembolic Events in Patients with Idiopathic Membranous Nephropathy.

Objective The aims of this study were to assess incidences and characteristics of arterial thromboembolic events (ATEs) and venous thromboembolic events (VTEs) in Chinese patients with idiopathic membranous nephropathy (IMN), and to identify the predisposing risk factors of them.Methods A total of 766 consecutive Chinese patients with IMN were enrolled in this retrospective cohort study. The cumulative incidences of newly diagnosed ATEs and VTEs were calculated using Kaplan-Meier methods.