Gossypol acetic acid regulates leukemia stem cells by degrading LRPPRC inhibiting IL-6/JAK1/STAT3 signaling or resulting mitochondrial dysfunction.

Background: Leukemia stem cells (LSCs) are found to be one of the main factors contributing to poor therapeutic effects in acute myeloid leukemia (AML), as they are protected by the bone marrow microenvironment (BMM) against conventional therapies. Gossypol acetic acid (GAA), which is extracted from the seeds of cotton plants, exerts anti-tumor roles in several types of cancer and has been reported to induce apoptosis of LSCs by inhibiting Bcl2.

Aim: To investigate the exact roles of GAA in regulating LSCs under different microenvironments and the exact mechanism.

Induction of apoptosis in human leukemia cells through an intrinsic pathway by cathachunine, a unique alkaloid isolated from Catharanthus roseus.

Background: Catharanthus roseus (L.) G. Don consists of a range of dimeric indole alkaloids with significant antitumor activities.