Atractylodes macrocephala Koidz polysaccharide ameliorates DSS-induced colitis in mice by regulating the gut microbiota and tryptophan metabolism.

Background And Purpose: Ulcerative colitis (UC) is an idiopathic inflammatory bowel disease, and the range of current clinical treatments is not ideal. We previously found that polysaccharide of Atractylodes macrocephala Koidz (PAMK) is beneficial in DSS-induced colitis, and we aimed to investigate the underlying mechanisms in this study.

Experimental Approach: PAMK was used to treat DSS-induced colitis in mice, 16S rRNA sequencing analysis was used to detect changes in the intestinal microbiota, targeted metabolomics analysis was used to determine the content of tryptophan-metabolizing bacteria, and western blotting was used to determine aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) and pregnane X receptor (PXR) levels.

Pegylated liposomal doxorubicin in partially platinum-sensitive, platinum-resistant, or platinum-refractory ovarian cancer: a prospective study.

Background: This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pegylated liposomal doxorubicin (PLD) for patients with partially platinum-sensitive, platinum-resistant, or platinum-refractory ovarian cancer.

Methods: Patients with partially platinum-sensitive, platinum-resistant, or platinum-refractory ovarian cancer were recruited in this prospective, open-label, single-arm, multicenter study. Eligible patients were given 4-6 cycles of PLD (40 mg/m2 on day 1, every 4 weeks).

Dose-response relationship between physical activity and frailty: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objective: Frailty is a significant public health issue facing aging societies and can be reduced by physical activity (PA), but the dose-response relationship between PA and frailty is not clear. This systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis aimed to assess the effect of PA on frailty in adults by aggregating data from observational studies.

Methods: PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, Scopus, SAGE Reference Online, SinoMed, CINAHL and CNKI were retrieved for articles published before May 2024.

Anti-ENO1 antibody combined with metformin against tumor resistance: a novel antibody-based platform.

Background: Antibody-based platforms (, ADC) have emerged as one of the most encouraging tools for the cancer resistance caused by cancer stem cells (CSCs) enrichment. Our study might provide a promising therapeutic direction against drug resistance and serve as a potential precursor platform for screening ADC.

Methods: The cell migration, invasion, drug resistance, and self-renewal were assessed by the cell invasion and migration assay, wound healing assay, CCK-8 assay, colony formation assay, and sphere formation assay, respectively.

HSP90, as a functional target antigen of a mAb 11C9, promotes stemness and tumor progression in hepatocellular carcinoma.

Background: Identification of promising targeted antigens that exhibited cancer-specific expression is a crucial step in the development of novel antibody-targeted therapies. We here aimed to investigate the anti-tumor activity of a novel monoclonal antibody (mAb) 11C9 and identify the antibody tractable target in the hepatocellular cancer stem cells (HCSCs).

Methods: The identification of the targeted antigen was conducted using SDS-PAGE, western blot, mass spectrometry, and co-immunoprecipitation.

Ghrelin promotes cardiomyocyte differentiation of adipose tissue‑derived mesenchymal stem cells by DDX17‑mediated regulation of the SFRP4/Wnt/β‑catenin axis.

Adipose tissue‑derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADMSCs) differentiate into cardiomyocytes and may be an ideal cell source for myocardial regenerative medicine. Ghrelin is a gastric‑secreted peptide hormone involved in the multilineage differentiation of MSCs. To the best of our knowledge, however, the role and potential downstream regulatory mechanism of ghrelin in cardiomyocyte differentiation of ADMSCs is still unknown.

Mechanism of GLP-1 Receptor Agonists-Mediated Attenuation of Palmitic Acid-Induced Lipotoxicity in L6 Myoblasts.

Methods: Cells were divided into 5 groups-control, high-fat, 10 nmol/L LR + 0.6 mmol/L palmitic acid (PA) (10LR), 100 nmol/L LR + 0.6 mmol/L PA (100LR), and 1000 nmol/L LR + 0.

Palladin promotes cancer stem cell-like properties in lung cancer by activating Wnt/Β-Catenin signaling.

Background: Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are responsible for drug resistance, cancer relapse, and metastasis. Here, we report the first analysis of Palladin expression and its impacts on stem cell-like properties in lung cancer.

Methods: Tissue microarrays were used to investigate Palladin expression and its association with prognosis.

Triptolide Induces Liver Injury by Regulating Macrophage Recruitment and Polarization via the Nrf2 Signaling Pathway.

Triptolide (TP) has limited usage in clinical practice due to its side effects and toxicity, especially liver injury. Hepatic macrophages, key player of liver innate immunity, were found to be recruited and activated by TP in our previous study. The nuclear factor-erythroid-2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) pathway exerts a protective role in TP-induced liver damage, but its effect on the functions of hepatic macrophage has not been elucidated.

Prophylactic Effect of Simultaneous Placement of Mesh on Incidence of Parastomal Hernia After Miles' Surgical Resection of Colorectal Cancer: A Prospective Study.

Introduction: To assess the prophylactic effect of simultaneous placement of mesh and the incidence of parastomal hernia (PSH) after abdominoperineal resection of rectal cancer.

Methods: This study included real-world data of 56 surgically resected patients with colorectal cancer who were consecutively assigned to two groups: control (no mesh, n = 32) and experimental (received mesh, n = 24). An artificial patch was placed under the tunica vaginalis of rectus abdominis for patients in the experimental group, whereas those in the control group received routine sigmoidostomy.

Eustachian tube teratoma: A case report.

Background: Mature teratoma composed of all three basic germ cell layers of the head and neck is a rare disease. Teratomas involving the temporal bone are particularly scarce.

Case Summary: A 48-year-old male patient with a history of chronic otitis of the left ear from infancy, for which he had been operated on twice, was referred to our hospital for chronic otitis, cholesteatoma and a middle ear mass.

MYH9 is crucial for stem cell-like properties in non-small cell lung cancer by activating mTOR signaling.

The fatality rate of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) has been high due to the existence of cancer stem cells (CSCs). Non-muscle myosin heavy chain 9 (MYH9) can promote the progression of various tumors, but its effect on the stem cell-like characteristics of lung cancer cells (LCCs) has not been clarified. Our research found that the stemness characteristics of LCCs were significantly enhanced by the overexpression of MYH9, and the knockout of MYH9 had the opposite effects.

Cadmium Pollution Impact on the Bacterial Community Structure of Arable Soil and the Isolation of the Cadmium Resistant Bacteria.

Microorganisms play an important role in the remediation of cadmium pollution in the soil and their diversity can be affected by cadmium. In this study, the bacterial community in arable soil samples collected from two near geographical sites, with different degrees of cadmium pollution at three different seasons, were characterized using Illumina MiSeq sequencing. The result showed that cadmium is an important factor to affect the bacterial diversity and the microbial communities in the high cadmium polluted area (the site H) had significant differences compared with low cadmium polluted area (the site L).

HA of H1N1 enhanced the expression of ICAM-1 and IL-6 in HUVECs and pathological injury in the lungs in mice.

Objective: Both COVID-19 and influenza are viral respiratory tract infections and the epidemics of viral respiratory tract infections remain highly prevalent with lethal consequences in susceptible individuals. Expression of ICAM-1 on vascular endothelium recruits leukocytes which initiates inflammation. IL-6 induces ICAM-1.

Cohort Profile: Chinese Cervical Cancer Clinical Study.

Cervical cancer is the fourth most common cancer worldwide, but its incidence varies greatly in different countries. Regardless of incidence or mortality, the burden of cervical cancer in China accounts for approximately 18% of the global burden. The Chinese Cervical Cancer Clinical Study is a hospital-based multicenter open cohort.

BCAT1 Activates PI3K/AKT/mTOR Pathway and Contributes to the Angiogenesis and Tumorigenicity of Gastric Cancer.

Background: Focusing on antiangiogenesis may provide promising choices for treatment of gastric cancer (GC). This study aimed to investigate the mechanistic role of BCAT1 in the pathogenesis of GC, particularly in angiogenesis.

Methods: Bioinformatics and clinical samples analysis were used to investigate the expression and potential mechanism of BCAT1 in GC.

Intraoperative Oxygen Concentration and Postoperative Delirium After Laparoscopic Gastric and Colorectal Malignancies Surgery: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Controlled Trial.

Purpose: Postoperative delirium (POD) is common in elderly patients undergoing laparoscopic surgery for gastric and colorectal malignancies. POD may be affected by different fraction of inspired oxygen (FiO). The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of different FiO on POD.

Altered integrity of hepatocyte tight junctions in rats with triptolide-induced cholestasis.

Triptolide (TP), an active component of Tripterygium wilfordiiHook. f. (TWHF), has been widely used for centuries as a traditional Chinese medicine.

Alpha-enolase (ENO1), identified as an antigen to monoclonal antibody 12C7, promotes the self-renewal and malignant phenotype of lung cancer stem cells by AMPK/mTOR pathway.

Background: Tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) can be targeted in cancer therapy. We previously identified a monoclonal antibody (mAb) 12C7, which presented anti-tumor activity in lung cancer stem cells (LCSCs). Here, we aimed to identify the target antigen for 12C7 and confirm its role in LCSCs.

Enolase 1 regulates stem cell-like properties in gastric cancer cells by stimulating glycolysis.

Recent studies have demonstrated that gastric cancer stem cells (CSCs) are a rare sub-group of gastric cancer (GC) cells and have an important role in promoting the tumor growth and progression of GC. In the present study, we demonstrated that the glycolytic enzyme Enolase 1 (ENO1) was involved in the regulation of the stem cell-like characteristics of GC cells, as compared to the parental cell lines PAMC-82 and SNU16, the expression of ENO1 in spheroids markedly increased. We then observed that ENO1 could enhance stem cell-like characteristics, including self-renewal capacity, cell invasion and migration, chemoresistance, and even the tumorigenicity of GC cells.

Catalpol counteracts the pathology in a mouse model of Duchenne muscular dystrophy by inhibiting the TGF-β1/TAK1 signaling pathway.

Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is a progressive neuromuscular disease caused by a mutation in the gene encoding the dystrophin protein. Catalpol is an iridoid glycoside found in Chinese herbs with anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant, anti-apoptotic, and hypoglycemic activities that can protect against muscle wasting. In the present study we investigated the effects of catalpol on DMD.

Organic anion transporter 1 and 3 contribute to traditional Chinese medicine-induced nephrotoxicity.

With the internationally growing popularity of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), TCM-induced nephropathy has attracted public attention. Minimizing this toxicity is an important issue for future research. Typical nephrotoxic TCM drugs such as Aristolochic acid, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook.

Emergence and spread patterns of antibiotic resistance genes during two different aerobic granular sludge cultivation processes.

The prevalence and accumulation of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) were frequently detected in biological wastewater treatment processes, which might cause potential health crisis to human. In present study, the fates of ARGs during two different aerobic granular sludge (AGS) cultivation processes were investigated. The results showed that traditional AGS (T-AGS) cultivation process and enhanced AGS (E-AGS) cultivation process had significant differences (P < 0.

The hypoglycemic mechanism of catalpol involves increased AMPK-mediated mitochondrial biogenesis.

Mitochondria serve as sensors of energy regulation and glucose levels, which are impaired by diabetes progression. Catalpol is an iridoid glycoside that exerts a hypoglycemic effect by improving mitochondrial function, but the underlying mechanism has not been fully elucidated. In the current study we explored the effects of catalpol on mitochondrial function in db/db mice and C2C12 myotubes in vitro.