Danggui niantong decoction attenuates synovial fibrosis through regulating PI3k/AKT signaling pathway.

Ethnopharmacological Relevancy: Danggui Niantong Decoction (DGNTD) is a traditional Chinese medicine compound formula that has been demonstrated to possess efficacy in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and osteoarthritis (OA), as well as for dispelling moisture and relieving pain. As mentioned before, DGNTD is essential for synovial inflammation in RA. The primary features of the OA synovial membrane are low-grade inflammation, hyperplasia with enhanced fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLS) proliferation, and fibrosis, which can cause pain and stiffness.

Robust Autism Spectrum Disorder-Related Spatial Covariance Gray Matter Pattern Revealed With a Large-Scale Multi-Center Dataset.

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a complex neurodevelopmental disorder and its underlying neuroanatomical mechanisms still remain unclear. The scaled subprofile model of principal component analysis (SSM-PCA) is a data-driven multivariate technique for capturing stable disease-related spatial covariance pattern. Here, SSM-PCA is innovatively applied to obtain robust ASD-related gray matter volume pattern associated with clinical symptoms.

Alterations of gray matter asymmetry in internet gaming disorder.

Structural asymmetry is a subtle but pervasive property of the human brain, which has been found altered in various psychiatric and neurocognitive disorders. However, little is known regarding potential alterations of structural asymmetry underlying internet gaming disorder (IGD). Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the structural features of gray matter asymmetry in IGD.

Altered Functional Connectivity of Unimodal Sensory and Multisensory Integration Networks Is Related to Symptom Severity in Autism Spectrum Disorder.

Background: Atypical sensory processing is a prevalent feature of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and constitutes a core diagnostic criterion in DSM-5. However, the neurocognitive underpinnings of atypical unimodal and multimodal sensory processing and their relationships with autism symptoms remain unclear.

Methods: In this study, we examined intrinsic functional connectivity (FC) patterns among 5 unimodal sensory and multisensory integration (MSI) networks in ASD using a large multisite dataset (N = 646) and investigated the relationships between altered FC, atypical sensory processing, social communicative deficits, and overall autism symptoms using correlation and mediation analyses.

Convergent Multimodal Imaging Abnormalities in the Dorsal Precuneus in Subjective Cognitive Decline.

Background: A range of imaging modalities have reported Alzheimer's disease-related abnormalities in individuals experiencing subjective cognitive decline (SCD). However, there has been no consistent local abnormality identified across multiple neuroimaging modalities for SCD.

Objective: We aimed to investigate the convergent local alterations in amyloid-β (Aβ) deposition, glucose metabolism, and resting-state functional MRI (RS-fMRI) metrics in SCD.

A systematic review of transcranial magnetic stimulation treatment for autism spectrum disorder.

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a behaviorally defined complex neurodevelopmental syndrome characterized by persistent social communication and interaction deficit. Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) is a promising and emerging tool for the intervention of ASD by reducing both core and associate symptoms. Several reviews have been published regarding TMS-based ASD treatment, however, a systematic review on study characteristics, specific stimulating parameters, localization techniques, stimulated targets, behavioral outcomes, and neuroimage biomarker changes is lagged behind since 2018.

Impaired segregation of the attention deficit hyperactivity disorder related pattern in children.

Background: Inattention is a key characteristic of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Specific brain abnormalities associated with this symptom form a discernible pattern related with ADHD in children (i.e.

Abnormal functional connectivity of the reward network is associated with social communication impairments in autism spectrum disorder: A large-scale multi-site resting-state fMRI study.

Background: The social motivation hypothesis proposes that the social deficits of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) are related to reward system dysfunction. However, functional connectivity (FC) patterns of the reward network in ASD have not been systematically explored yet.

Methods: The reward network was defined as eight regions of interest (ROIs) per hemisphere, including the nucleus accumbens (NAc), caudate, putamen, anterior cingulate cortex (ACC), ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC), orbitofrontal cortex (OFC), amygdala, and insula.

Abnormal individualized peak functional connectivity toward potential repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation treatment of autism spectrum disorder.

Functional connectivity (FC) derived from resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging has been widely applied to guide precise repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS). The left, right, and bilateral dorsolateral prefrontal cortices (DLPFC) have been used as rTMS treatment target regions for autism spectrum disorder (ASD), albeit with moderate efficacy. Thus, we aimed to develop an individualized localization method for rTMS treatment of ASD.

Edge-centric functional network analyses reveal disrupted network configuration in autism spectrum disorder.

Background: Neuroscientific evidence suggests that the pathological symptoms associated with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) are not confined to a single brain region but involve networks of the brain on a larger spatial scale. Analyzing diagrams of edge-edge interactions could provide important perspectives on the organization and function of complex systems.

Methods: Resting-state fMRI data from 238 ASD patients and 311 healthy controls (HCs) were included in the current study.

The origin and evolution of emerged swine acute diarrhea syndrome coronavirus with zoonotic potential.

Swine acute diarrhea syndrome coronavirus (SADS-CoV) is a newly discovered alphacoronavirus with zoonotic potential that causes diarrhea and vomiting mainly in piglets. Having emerged suddenly in 2017, the prevailing opinion is that the virus originated from HKU2, an alphacoronavirus whose primary host is bats, and at some unknown point achieved interspecies transmission via some intermediate. Here, we further explore the evolutionary history and possible cross-species transmission event for SADS-CoV.

Disrupted network integration and segregation involving the default mode network in autism spectrum disorder.

Changes in the brain's default mode network (DMN) in the resting state are closely related to autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Module segmentation can effectively elucidate the neural mechanism of ASD and explore intra- and inter-network connections by means of the participation coefficient (PC). We used that resting-state fMRI data from 269 ASD patients and 340 healthy controls (HCs) in the current study.

Transcriptomic analysis reveals crucial regulatory roles of immediate-early response genes and related signaling pathways in coronavirus infectious bronchitis virus infection.

Coronavirus infection of cells differentially regulates the expression of host genes and their related pathways. In this study, we present the transcriptomic profile of cells infected with gammacoronavirus infectious bronchitis virus (IBV). In IBV-infected human non-small cell lung carcinoma cells (H1299 cells), a total of 1162 differentially expressed genes (DEGs), including 984 upregulated and 178 downregulated genes, was identified.

Danggui Niantong granules ameliorate rheumatoid arthritis by regulating intestinal flora and promoting mitochondrial apoptosis.

Context: Danggui Niantong Granules (DGNTG) are a valid and reliable traditional herbal formula, commonly used in clinical practice to treat rheumatoid arthritis (RA). However, the mechanism of its effect on RA remains unclear.

Objective: An investigation of the therapeutic effects of DGNTG on RA.

Gray Matter Network Associated With Attention in Children With Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder.

Background: Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is one of the most prevalent childhood-onset neurodevelopmental disorders; however, the underlying neural mechanisms for the inattention symptom remain elusive for children with ADHD. At present, the majority of studies have analyzed the structural MRI (sMRI) with the univariate method, which fails to demonstrate the interregional covarying relationship of gray matter (GM) volumes among brain regions. The scaled subprofile model of principal component analysis (SSM-PCA) is a multivariate method, which can detect more robust brain-behavioral phenotype association compared to the univariate analysis method.

NIR-PTT/ROS-Scavenging/Oxygen-Enriched Synergetic Therapy for Rheumatoid Arthritis by a pH-Responsive Hybrid CeO-ZIF-8 Coated with Polydopamine.

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an inflammatory type of arthritis that causes joint pain and damage. The inflammatory cell infiltration (e.g.

Triphenyl phosphate (TPP) promotes hepatocyte toxicity via induction of endoplasmic reticulum stress and inhibition of autophagy flux.

Triphenyl phosphate (TPP), a commonly used organophosphate flame retardant, is frequently found in environmental and biota samples, indicating widespread human exposure. Recent studies have shown that TPP causes hepatotoxicity, but the underlying cellular mechanisms are not fully elucidated. Here, by using normal hepatocyte AML12 cells as a model, we showed that TPP induced apoptotic cell death.

The Location Reliability of the Resting-State fMRI FC of Emotional Regions Towards rTMS Therapy.

Resting-state magnetic resonance imaging (RS-fMRI) studies indicated that the repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) exerts antidepression effect through the functional connectivity (FC) of the DLPFC with the subgenual anterior cingulate cortex (sgACC), pregneual ACC (pgACC), or nucleus accumbens (NAc). It is proposed that the FC-guided individualized precise stimulation on the DLPFC would be more effective. The current study systematically investigated the reliability of the RS-fMRI FC location as well as the FC strength with multiple potential factors.

A review of objective assessments for hyperactivity in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder.

Hyperactivity is one of the three core symptoms of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) that is a common childhood mental disorder. Objective assessments of hyperactivity are seldom utilized compared with measures of inattention and impulsivity during clinical diagnosis and evaluation. Acceleration-sensitive devices (e.

Coix seed polysaccharides alleviate type 2 diabetes mellitus via gut microbiota-derived short-chain fatty acids activation of IGF1/PI3K/AKT signaling.

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) has become a worldwide concern in recent years. Coix seed (CS) as a homologous substance of traditional Chinese medicine and food, its polysaccharides can improve the symptoms of patients with metabolic disorders. Since most plant polysaccharides are difficult to digest and absorb, we hypothesized that Coix seed polysaccharides (CSP) exert hypoglycemic effects through the gut.

Extract From Leaf Alleviates Lung Infection: Network Pharmacology Analysis and Experimental Evidence.

Diels & Gilg () has attracted much attention due to its ability on pneumonia, bronchitis, and immune-related diseases, while its functional components and underlying mechanism of action on pneumonia have not been fully elucidated. Herein, we used a systematic network pharmacology approach to explore the action mechanism of leaf in the treatment of pneumonia. In this study, the results of network pharmacology demonstrated that there were 34 active components and 80 drug-disease targets in leaf, which were strongly in connection with signal transduction, inflammatory response, and the oxidation-reduction process.

Low-intensity pulsed ultrasound promotes osteoarthritic cartilage regeneration by BMSC-derived exosomes via modulating the NF-κB signaling pathway.

Osteoarthritis is the most common disabling joint disease throughout the world, and the effect of therapy on its course is still unsatisfactory in clinical practice. Recent studies have shown that mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)-derived exosomes can promote cartilage repair and regeneration in osteoarthritis, indicating that these exosomes could be a novel and promising strategy for treating osteoarthritis. This study investigated whether low-intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS) enhances the effects of bone marrow MSC (BMSC)-derived exosomes on cartilage regeneration in osteoarthritis and examined the underlying mechanism.

Induction of the Proinflammatory Chemokine Interleukin-8 Is Regulated by Integrated Stress Response and AP-1 Family Proteins Activated during Coronavirus Infection.

Infection induces the production of proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines such as interleukin-8 (IL-8) and IL-6. Although they facilitate local antiviral immunity, their excessive release leads to life-threatening cytokine release syndrome, exemplified by the severe cases of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. In this study, we investigated the roles of the integrated stress response (ISR) and activator protein-1 (AP-1) family proteins in regulating coronavirus-induced IL-8 and IL-6 upregulation.

Echo Time Dependency of Local Activity Metrics of Resting-State Functional MRI.

Local activity metrics of resting-state functional MRI (RS-fMRI), such as the amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation (ALFF), fractional ALFF (fALFF), regional homogeneity (ReHo), and degree centrality (DC), are widely used to detect brain abnormalities based on signal fluctuations. Although signal changes with echo time (TE) have been widely studied, the effect of TE on local activity metrics has not been investigated. RS-fMRI datasets from 12 healthy subjects with eyes open (EO) and eyes closed (EC) were obtained with a four-echo gradient-echo-planar imaging pulse sequence with the following parameters: repetition time/TE1/TE2/TE3/TE4 = 2,000/13/30.

Water-Stable Silver-Based Metal-Organic Frameworks of Quaternized Carboxylates and Their Antimicrobial Activity.

Three-dimensional (3D) and two-dimensional (2D) Ag-based zwitterionic metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) [Ag(Cedcp)] (, 3D, HCedcpBr denotes -(carboxyethyl)-(3,5-dicarboxyl)-pyridinium bromide) and {[Ag(Cmdcp)(HO)]·4HO} (, 2D, HCmdcpBr denotes -(carboxymethyl)-(3,5-dicarboxyl)-pyridinium bromide) have been prepared and investigated for antimicrobial activity via minimal inhibition concentration (MIC) test and killing kinetic assay. Both MOFs and show good water stability and solubility ascribed to their characteristic aromatic rings and positively charged pyridinium of the ligands, as well as the presence of Ag on their surface, leading to strong antimicrobial activity and a wide antimicrobial spectrum toward Gram-negative and positive bacteria. The results indicated that MOF possesses a faster antibacterial activity (60 min) than MOF (120 min).