Individualised cumulative cisplatin dose for locoregionally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients based on induction chemotherapy response and tumour volume.

Background And Objectives: To evaluate the prognostic value of an integrated model consisting of tumour response to induction chemotherapy (IC) and gross tumour volume (GTV) after IC in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) and elucidate optimal cumulative cisplatin dose (CCD) in concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT) for different subgroups.

Design And Methods: This retrospective study enrolled 896 patients with NPC diagnosed from 2010 to 2017 receiving IC plus radiotherapy. The primary endpoint was disease-free survival (DFS).

Camrelizumab combined with apatinib in patients with first-line platinum-resistant or PD-1 inhibitor resistant recurrent/metastatic nasopharyngeal carcinoma: a single-arm, phase 2 trial.

Immunotherapy combined with antiangiogenic targeted therapy has improved the treatment of certain solid tumors, but effective regimens remain elusive for refractory recurrent/metastatic nasopharyngeal carcinoma (RM-NPC). We conducted a phase 2 trial to evaluate the safety and activity of camrelizumab plus apatinib in platinum-resistant (cohort 1, NCT04547088) and PD-1 inhibitor resistant NPC (cohort 2, NCT04548271). Here we report on the primary outcome of objective response rate (ORR) and secondary endpoints of safety, duration of response, disease control rate, progression-free survival, and overall survival.

Can the prognosis of individual patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma be predicted using a routine blood test at admission?

Background And Purpose: We sought to determine the prognostic value of a pre-treatment peripheral blood signature and the peripheral blood signature-based nomogram for patients with non-metastatic nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC).

Materials And Methods: We retrospectively collected 21 peripheral blood indicators from patients with NPC between 2004 and 2015. Data were randomly divided into a training and a validation set (ratio: 6:4).

Promotion and implementation effectiveness of World Health Organization's Caregiver Skills Training program in Taiwan.

The World Health Organization (WHO) developed the Caregiver Skills Training for Families of Children with Developmental Delays and Disabilities (CST) with support from Autism Speaks to address the resource gaps and worldwide needs for interventions for children with developmental disorders or delays, especially those with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), and their families. Evidence has indicated that parent-mediated interventions benefit both caregivers and children by strengthening caregivers' knowledge and confidence and children's social communication skills and behavioral regulation. The CST-Taiwan team began the prepilot field trial in 2017 and developed the project to serve families in various locations.

MiR-486-3p was downregulated at microRNA profiling of adrenals of multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 mice, and inhibited human adrenocortical carcinoma cell lines.

Adrenocortical carcinoma is a rare aggressive disease commonly recurring regardless of radical surgery. Although data on genomic alterations in malignant tumors are accumulating, knowledge of molecular events of importance for initiation of adrenocortical transformation is scarce. In an attempt to recognize early molecular alterations, we used adrenals from young multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 conventional knock-out mice (Men1) closely mimicking the human MEN1 trait (i.

Generation and characterization of CRISPR/Cas9-mediated MEN1 knockout BON1 cells: a human pancreatic neuroendocrine cell line.

Among patients with the rare diagnosis of pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor (P-NET), a substantial proportion suffer from the inherited cancer syndrome multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (MEN1), which is caused by germline mutations of the MEN1 suppressor gene. Somatic mutations and loss of the MEN1 protein (menin) are frequently also found in sporadic P-NETs. Thus, a human neuroendocrine pancreatic cell line with biallelic inactivation of MEN1 might be of value for studying tumorigenesis.

[Nursing Team Applied Learning Organization to Patient Group Care].

This article reports on an effort to use the learning organization to change the existing mental model of a nursing team in order to transform from a nursing-oriented group to a patient-oriented group and to build shared vision, self-affirmation, and self-transcendence in order to change perspectives using team-learning spirit. The nursing group built partnerships with the patient group. The nursing group learning process fostered positive thinking logic and, under the inheritance of knowledge and technology, the patient-oriented group was successfully established.

Glycan binding profile of a fucolectin-related protein (FRP) encoded by the SP2159 gene of .

The recombinant fucolectin-related protein (FRP) of unknown function, encoded by the SP2159 gene of was expressed in . In this study, its glycan-recognition epitopes and their binding potencies were examined by enzyme-linked lectinosorbent and inhibition assays. The results indicate that FRP reacted strongly with human blood group and l-Fucα1→2-active glycotopes and in their polyvalent (super) forms.

Increased Expression of GLP-1R in Proliferating Islets of Men1 Mice is Detectable by [Ga]Ga-DO3A-VS-Cys-Exendin-4 /PET.

Multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (MEN1) is an endocrine tumor syndrome caused by heterozygous mutations in the MEN1 tumor suppressor gene. The MEN1 pancreas of the adolescent gene carrier frequently contain diffusely spread pre-neoplasias and microadenomas, progressing to macroscopic and potentially malignant pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (P-NET), which represents the major death cause in MEN1. The unveiling of the molecular mechanism of P-NET which is not currently understood fully to allow the optimization of diagnostics and treatment.

Expression of the GM2 activator protein in mouse testis.

The GM2-activator protein (GM2-AP), revealed by Li et al. in 1973 in human liver, was initially identified as a protein cofactor that stimulated β-hexosaminidase A to hydrolyze N-acetylgalactosamine from GM2 ganglioside. This cofactor was found to be missing in human variant AB Tay-Sachs disease.

Degradation of glycosphingolipids in oyster: ceramide glycanase and ceramidase in the hepatopancreas of oyster, Crassostrea virginica.

The hepatopancreas of oyster, Crassostrea virginica, was found to contain two unique glycosphingolipid (GSL) cleaving enzymes, ceramide glycanase (CGase) and ceramidase. These two enzymes were found to be tightly associated together through the consecutive purification steps including gel filtration, hydrophobic interaction and cation-exchange chromatographies. They were separated only by preparatory SDS-PAGE.

Effects of motivational enhancement therapy plus cognitive behaviour therapy on depressive symptoms and health-related quality of life in adults with type II diabetes mellitus: a randomised controlled trial.

Objective: This paper evaluates the effectiveness of motivational enhancement therapy plus cognitive behavioural therapy on depressive symptoms, glycosylated haemoglobin, fasting glucose, body mass index (BMI), and health-related quality of life in type II diabetes patients.

Methods: A controlled trial was conducted to compare patients who received the behavioural intervention with untreated controls on measures of health outcomes. A total of 31 intervention group participants and 30 controls were selected from patients that met the inclusion criteria from a hospital-based endocrinology outpatient department.

Cloning and expression of 3-deoxy-d-manno-oct-2-ulosonic acid α-ketoside hydrolase from oyster hepatopancreas†.

We have previously reported that oyster hepatopancreas contained three unusual α-ketoside hydrolases: (i) a 3-deoxy-d-manno-oct-2-ulosonic acid α-ketoside hydrolase (α-Kdo-ase), (ii) a 3-deoxy-D-glycero-D-galacto-non-2-ulosonic acid α-ketoside hydrolase and (iii) a bifunctional ketoside hydrolase capable of cleaving both the α-ketosides of Kdn and Neu5Ac (Kdn-sialidase). After completing the purification of Kdn-sialidase, we proceeded to clone the gene encoding this enzyme. Unexpectedly, we found that instead of expressing Kdn-sialidase, our cloned gene expressed α-Kdo-ase activity.

Roles of miR-196a on gene regulation of neuroendocrine tumor cells.

This study aims at investigating miR-196a roles using in vitro models. miR-196a was detected in small intestinal neuroendocrine tumors (SI-NETs) and lung NETs. miR-196a target prediction analysis suggested HOXA9, HOXB7, LRP4 and RSPO2 genes for further investigation.

Somatostatin Analogs Treated Small Intestinal Neuroendocrine Tumor Patients Circulating MicroRNAs.

We previously detected and investigated nine altered microRNAs in small intestinal neuroendocrine tumor (SI-NET) tissues at different stages of disease. The aims of this study are to: 1) analyze whether SI-NET tissue microRNAs can be also detected in patient serum samples, 2) investigate a potential somatostatin analogs (SSAs) role on microRNA levels regulation in SSA-treated patient samples and 3) elucidate whether the serum microRNA levels in samples collected in different hospitals are predictable and steady. Our results show that tissue microRNAs are detectable in patient serum samples, and miR-96, -182, -183, -196a and -200a levels are lower in SI-NET untreated patients than in SSA-treated patients at all different stages.

Identification of candidate serum proteins for classifying well-differentiated small intestinal neuroendocrine tumors.

Background: Patients with well-differentiated small intestine neuroendocrine tumors (WD-SI-NETs) are most often diagnosed at a metastatic stage of disease, which reduces possibilities for a curative treatment. Thus new approaches for earlier detection and improved monitoring of the disease are required.

Materials And Methods: Suspension bead arrays targeting 124 unique proteins with antibodies from the Human Protein Atlas were used to profile biotinylated serum samples.

Multipotent stromal cells alleviate inflammation, neuropathology, and symptoms associated with globoid cell leukodystrophy in the twitcher mouse.

Globoid cell leukodystrophy (GLD) is a common neurodegenerative lysosomal storage disorder caused by a deficiency in galactocerebrosidase (GALC), an enzyme that cleaves galactocerebroside during myelination. Bone marrow transplantation has shown promise when administered to late-onset GLD patients. However, the side effects (e.

Global microRNA profiling of well-differentiated small intestinal neuroendocrine tumors.

Well-differentiated small intestinal neuroendocrine tumors are rare malignancies. They arise from enterochromaffin cells and very little is known about differential microRNA (miRNA) expression. The aim of this study was to identify the miRNA profile of well-differentiated small intestinal neuroendocrine tumors, which may have a critical role in tumor development, progression and potentially develop miRNAs as novel clinical biomarkers.

Olfactory receptor 51E1 protein as a potential novel tissue biomarker for small intestine neuroendocrine carcinomas.

Objective: Late diagnosis hinders proper management of small intestine neuroendocrine carcinoma (SI-NEC) patients. The olfactory receptor, family 51, subfamily E, member 1 (OR51E1) has been reported as a potential novel SI-NEC marker, without protein expression recognition. Thus, we further studied whether the encoded protein may be a novel SI-NEC clinical biomarker.

The somatostatin analogue octreotide inhibits growth of small intestine neuroendocrine tumour cells.

Octreotide is a widely used synthetic somatostatin analogue that significantly improves the management of neuroendocrine tumours (NETs). Octreotide acts through somatostatin receptors (SSTRs). However, the molecular mechanisms leading to successful disease control or symptom management, especially when SSTRs levels are low, are largely unknown.

Ceramide glycosylation by glucosylceramide synthase selectively maintains the properties of breast cancer stem cells.

Cancer stem cells are distinguished from normal adult stem cells by their stemness without tissue homeostasis control. Glycosphingolipids (GSLs), particularly globo-series GSLs, are important markers of undifferentiated embryonic stem cells, but little is known about whether or not ceramide glycosylation, which controls glycosphingolipid synthesis, plays a role in modulating stem cells. Here, we report that ceramide glycosylation catalyzed by glucosylceramide synthase, which is enhanced in breast cancer stem cells (BCSCs) but not in normal mammary epithelial stem cells, maintains tumorous pluripotency of BCSCs.