The application of 5E rehabilitation management mode in the nursing of patients with aortic dissection complicated by obstructive sleep apnea.

Objective: This study was designed to explore the effect of 5E rehabilitation mode (encouragement, education, exercise, employment, and evaluation) in patients with aortic dissection (AD) complicated by obstructive sleep apnea (OSA).

Methods: Patients with Stanford type B AD (TBAD) complicated by OSA were admitted to Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital from January 2019 to December 2020. They were randomly divided into an experimental group and a control group.

Glutathione depletion and dihydroorotate dehydrogenase inhibition actuated ferroptosis-augment to surmount triple-negative breast cancer.

Ferroptosis is a promising therapeutic approach for combating malignant cancers, but its effectiveness is limited in clinical due to the adaptability and self-repair abilities of cancer cells. Mitochondria, as the pivotal player in ferroptosis, exhibit tremendous therapeutic potential by targeting the intramitochondrial anti-ferroptotic pathway mediated by dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (DHODH). In this study, an albumin-based nanomedicine was developed to induce augmented ferroptosis in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) by depleting glutathione (GSH) and inhibiting DHODH activity.

Tumor microenvironment-initiated lipid redox cycling for efficient triple-negative breast cancer therapy.

The use of overwhelming reactive oxygen species (ROS) attack has shown great potential for treating aggressive malignancies; however, targeting this process for further applications is greatly hindered by inefficiency and low selectivity. Here, a novel strategy for ROS explosion induced by tumor microenvironment-initiated lipid redox cycling was proposed, which was developed by using soybean phosphatidylcholine (SPC) to encapsulate lactate oxidase (LOX) and sorafenib (SRF) self-assembled nanoparticles (NPs), named LOX/SRF@Lip. SPC is not only the delivery carrier but an unsaturated lipid supplement for ROS explosion.

Mental Health of Healthcare Workers during COVID-19 Pandemic in Taiwan: The First Wave Outbreak Occurred 1 Year Later Than in Other Countries.

We probed the psychological influence exerted on traumatic stress endured by healthcare workers (HCWs) and the coping behaviors adopted during the first wave of COVID-19 in Taiwan, which occurred one year later than in other countries. Clinical HCWs from two branches of a hospital network in Taichung, Taiwan, were recruited for this cross-sectional study. The participants were administered a questionnaire on sociodemographic and work-related characteristics, perceived influence exerted by COVID-19, coping behaviors in relation to COVID-19, and Impact of Event Scale-Revised scores.

Effect of anodization on friction behavior of β‑titanium orthodontic archwires.

Purpose: To evaluate the effects of anodization on the friction behavior of beta-titanium (β-Ti) orthodontic archwires in conventional or self-ligating brackets in vitro.

Methods: β‑Ti archwires (0.018 × 0.

Survival and pretreatment prognostic factors for extensive-stage small cell lung cancer: A comprehensive analysis of 358 patients.

Background: Extensive-stage small cell lung cancer (ES-SCLC) is deemed as a fatal malignancy with a poor prognosis. Although immunotherapy has gradually played an important role in the treatment of ES-SCLC since 2018, ES-SCLC treatment data and patient outcome before 2018, when chemotherapy served as a fundamental therapeutic strategy, is still meaningful as a summary of the situation regarding previous medical treatment and is a baseline for comparative data. In addition, the prognostic factors of ES-SCLC have failed to reach a consensus until now.

Causes of nursing staff burnout: Exploring the effects of emotional exhaustion, work-family conflict, and supervisor support.

Aim: Nursing staff burnout threatens not only nurses' health but also the safety and health of their patients. Organizations should be aware of how work-related conflict can affect this burnout. This study examined the effect of supervisor support and work-family conflict on resource loss and burnout.

Pro-tobacco marketing and anti-tobacco campaigns aimed at vulnerable populations: A review of the literature.

Introduction: We reviewed research literature on pro-tobacco marketing and anti-tobacco campaigns targeting eight vulnerable populations to determine key findings and research gaps. Results can inform tobacco policy and control efforts and the design of public education campaigns for these groups.

Methods: Five journal databases in medicine, communication, and science, were used to identify 8875 peer-reviewed, original articles in English, published in the period 2004-2018.

Tobacco Industry Marketing Exposure and Commercial Tobacco Product Use Disparities among American Indians and Alaska Natives.

: Non-Hispanic American Indians and Alaska Natives (NH AI/AN) have the highest commercial tobacco use (CTU) among U.S. racial/ethnic groups.

Tobacco Advertisement Liking, Vulnerability Factors, and Tobacco Use Among Young Adults.

Introduction: Young adulthood (aged 18-24) is a crucial period in the development of long-term tobacco use patterns. Tobacco advertising and promotion lead to the initiation and continuation of smoking among young adults. We examined whether vulnerability factors moderated the association between tobacco advertisement liking and tobacco use in the United States.

Adolescent tobacco coupon receipt, vulnerability characteristics and subsequent tobacco use: analysis of PATH Study, Waves 1 and 2.

Objectives: We examine adolescent receipt of tobacco coupons and subsequent tobacco use.

Methods: Data were from the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health (PATH) Study (2013-2015). We identified correlates of coupon receipt at Wave 1 (youth sample age 12-17 ; n = 13 651) including demographics, additional vulnerability factors that may place youth at risk of tobacco use and correlates of coupon receipt by channel.

Cigarette Constituent Health Communications for Smokers: Impact of Chemical, Imagery, and Source.

Introduction: Communication campaigns are incorporating tobacco constituent messaging to reach smokers, yet there is a dearth of research on how such messages should be constructed or will be received by smokers.

Methods: In a 2 × 2 × 2 experiment, we manipulated three cigarette constituent message components: (1) the toxic constituent of tobacco (arsenic vs. lead) with a corresponding health effect, (2) the presence or absence of an evocative image, and (3) the source of the message (FDA vs.

Believability of Cigarette Warnings About Addiction: National Experiments of Adolescents and Adults.

Introduction: We conducted two experiments to examine the believability of three addiction-focused cigarette warnings and the influence of message source on believability among adolescents and adults in the United States.

Methods: Experimental data were collected using national phone surveys of adolescents (age 13-17; n = 1125; response rate, 66%) and adults (age 18+; n = 5014; response rate, 42%). We assessed the believability of three cigarette warnings about addiction attributed to four message sources (Food and Drug Administration [FDA], Surgeon General, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [CDC], no source).

Can brain impermeable BACE1 inhibitors serve as anti-CAA medicine?

Background: Cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA) is characterized by the deposition of ß-amyloid peptides (Aß) in and surrounding the wall of microvasculature in the central nervous system, together with parenchymal amyloid plaques collectively referred to as cerebral amyloidosis, which occurs in the brain commonly among the elderly and more frequently in patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD). CAA is associated with vascular injury and may cause devastating neurological outcomes. No therapeutic approach is available for this lesion to date.

Trends and Correlates of Hookah Use Among High School Students in North Carolina.

Although youth cigarette smoking has declined in the United States, use of alternative tobacco products, such as hookah, has increased. This study assesses changes in prevalence of use from 2011 to 2013, and examines factors associated with current hookah use among North Carolina high school students in 2013. Data came from the North Carolina Youth Tobacco Survey in 2011 (n = 4,791) and 2013 (n = 4,092).

Perceptions and Experiences with Flavored Non-Menthol Tobacco Products: A Systematic Review of Qualitative Studies.

Although a few countries have banned flavored cigarettes (except menthol), flavors in most tobacco products remain unregulated across the globe. We conducted a systematic review of qualitative studies examining perceptions of and experiences with flavored non-menthol tobacco products. Of 20 studies on flavored tobacco products included in our qualitative systematic review, 10 examined hookah, six examined e-cigarettes, two examined little cigars and cigarillos (LCCs), and three examined other tobacco products, including cigarettes.

Impact of The Real Cost Campaign on Adolescents' Recall, Attitudes, and Risk Perceptions about Tobacco Use: A National Study.

The Food and Drug Administration's (FDA) campaign advertisements (ads) have targeted U.S. youth with messages designed to prevent and reduce tobacco use.

Which types of anti-smoking television advertisements work better in Taiwan?

Research in high income countries suggests that anti-smoking television advertisements with emotionally evocative graphic messages or personal testimonials that depict serious consequences from smoking are the most effective. Research to determine the most effective smoking cessation messages for low- and middle-income countries is needed to inform campaign development in these countries. Fifty-four male Taiwanese smokers, aged 18-34, rated advertisements and participated in a focus group to evaluate eight antismoking television advertisements with contrasting messaging strategies.

Effects of Framing Proximal Benefits of Quitting and Motivation to Quit as a Query on Communications About Tobacco Constituents.

Introduction: Little is known on how to communicate messages on tobacco constituents to tobacco users. This study manipulated three elements of a message in the context of a theory-based communication campaign about tobacco constituents: (1) latency of response efficacy (how soon expected health benefits would accrue), (2) self-efficacy (confidence about quitting), and (3) interrogative cue ("Ready to be tobacco-free?").

Methods: Smokers (N = 1669, 55.

Impact of non-menthol flavours in tobacco products on perceptions and use among youth, young adults and adults: a systematic review.

Objective: This systematic review examines the impact of non-menthol flavours in tobacco products on tobacco use perceptions and behaviours among youth, young adults and adults.

Data Sources: English-language peer-reviewed publications indexed in 4 databases were searched through April 2016.

Study Selection: A search strategy was developed related to tobacco products and flavours.

Electronic Cigarette Use Among High School Students and Its Association With Cigarette Use And Smoking Cessation, North Carolina Youth Tobacco Surveys, 2011 and 2013.

Introduction: Although adolescent cigarette use continues to decline in the United States, electronic cigarette (e‑cigarette) use among adolescents has escalated rapidly. This study assessed trends and patterns of e‑cigarette use and concurrent cigarette smoking and the relationships between e-cigarette use and smoking cessation intentions and behaviors among high school students in North Carolina.

Methods: Data came from high school students who completed the school-based, cross-sectional North Carolina Youth Tobacco Survey in 2011 (n = 4,791) and 2013 (n = 4,092).

Poly-Tobacco Use among High School Students.

Although cigarette use by adolescents is declining, emerging tobacco products are becoming increasingly popular and youth may use more than one type of tobacco product. The purposes of this study were: (1) to assess patterns of poly-tobacco use among a representative sample of high school students and (2) to determine how beliefs correlate with poly-tobacco use. Data came from the 2013 North Carolina Youth Tobacco Survey (n = 4092).

Predictive and External Validity of a Pre-Market Study to Determine the Most Effective Pictorial Health Warning Label Content for Cigarette Packages.

Introduction: Studies examining cigarette package pictorial health warning label (HWL) content have primarily used designs that do not allow determination of effectiveness after repeated, naturalistic exposure. This research aimed to determine the predictive and external validity of a pre-market evaluation study of pictorial HWLs.

Methods: Data were analyzed from: (1) a pre-market convenience sample of 544 adult smokers who participated in field experiments in Mexico City before pictorial HWL implementation (September 2010); and (2) a post-market population-based representative sample of 1765 adult smokers in the Mexican administration of the International Tobacco Control Policy Evaluation Survey after pictorial HWL implementation.

Was the media campaign that supported Australia's new pictorial cigarette warning labels and plain packaging policy associated with more attention to and talking about warning labels?

Background: Population-level interventions can possibly enhance each other's effects when they are implemented simultaneously. When the plain packaging policy was implemented in Australia, pictorial health warning labels (HWLs) on cigarette packages were also updated and a national mass media campaign was aired. This study examined whether smokers who recalled the media campaign reported more attention to and talking about HWLs.