Layered localization in a chaotic optical cavity.

We propose and demonstrate the localization of resonant modes in a Limaçon optical microcavity with layered phase space involving both major and minor partial barriers. By regulating the openness of the cavity through the refractive index control, the minor partial barriers, which do not directly confine the long-lived resonant modes, are submerged successively into the leaky region. During the invalidation process of the minor partial barriers, it is found that the quality factor and the conjugate momentum of the resonant modes exhibit changes with the emergence of turning points.

Treatment Patterns and Survival Outcomes of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Patients Initially Diagnosed With Brain Metastases in Real-World Clinical Practice.

Background: This study aimed to comprehensively analyze the characteristics, treatment patterns, and survival outcomes of non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients initially diagnosed with brain metastases (BMs) in real-world practice.

Methods: We enrolled NSCLC patients initially diagnosed with BMs between Jan 2004 and Jan 2018 in our institution. Patient demographics, treatment modalities, and survival outcomes were then analyzed.

MET exon 14 skipping mutation, amplification and overexpression in pulmonary sarcomatoid carcinoma: A multi-center study.

High frequency of MNNG HOS transforming (MET) exon 14 skipping mutation (MET exon 14Δ) has been reported in pulmonary sarcomatoid carcinomas (PSCs). However, the frequencies differ greatly. Our study aims to investigate the frequency of MET alterations and the correlations among MET exon 14Δ, amplification, and protein overexpression in a large cohort of PSCs.

Management of Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer Patients Initially Diagnosed With 1 to 3 Synchronous Brain-Only Metastases: A Retrospective Study.

Background: The treatment options for newly diagnosed non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients with 1 to 3 synchronous brain metastases (BM) remain controversial. The current study aimed to comprehensively analyze the characteristics, local treatment paradigms, and survival outcomes in these populations.

Patients And Methods: A total of 252 NSCLC patients initially diagnosed with 1 to 3 synchronous brain-only metastases were enrolled onto this study.

Regular-Orbit-Engineered Chaotic Photon Transport in Mixed Phase Space.

The dynamical evolution of light in asymmetric microcavities is of primary interest for broadband optical coupling and enhanced light-matter interaction. Here, we propose and demonstrate that the chaos-assisted photon transport can be engineered by regular periodic orbits in the momentum-position phase space of an asymmetric microcavity. Remarkably, light at different initial states experiences different evolution pathways, following either regular-chaotic channels or pure chaotic channels.

Comparison of hyper- and hypofractionated radiation schemes with IMRT technique in small cell lung cancer: Clinical outcomes and the introduction of extended LQ and TCP models.

Purpose: To evaluate the outcomes of 45 Gy/15 fractions/once-daily and 45 Gy/30 fractions/twice-daily radiation schemes utilizing intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) in extensive stage small cell lung cancer (SCLC), and to build up a new radiobiological model for tumor control probability (TCP) considering multiple biological effects.

Methods: Fifty-eight consecutive patients diagnosed with extensive stage SCLC, treated with chemotherapy and chest irradiation, were retrospectively reviewed. Thirty-seven received hyperfractionated IMRT (Hyper-IMRT, 45 Gy/30 fractions/twice-daily) and 21 received hypofractionated IMRT (Hypo-IMRT, 45 Gy/15 fractions/once-daily).

The Efficacy and Toxicity of Lobaplatin-contained Chemotherapy in Extensive-stage Small-cell Lung Cancer.

To assess the efficacy and toxicity of Lobaplatin (LBP) -contained chemotherapy on extensive stage small-cell lung cancer (ES-SCLC), we conducted a prospective, single-arm, and multicenter Phase IV clinical trial on Lobaplatin (ChiCTR-ONC-13003471), and used the patient clinical data obtained from our cancer center to perform the analysis. Previously untreated patients with ES-SCLC were given LBP intravenously (IV) at 30 mg/m on day 1 and etoposide IV at 100 mg/m on day 1, 2, and 3. The treatment was cycled every 21 days, lasting for four to six cycles.

The efficacy of first-line chemotherapy in recurrent or metastatic nasopharyngeal carcinoma: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: The standard first-line chemotherapy for patients with recurrent or metastatic nasopharyngeal carcinoma (R/M NPC) has not been well established. We conducted a pooled meta-analysis to evaluate the efficacy of commonly used first-line chemotherapy in this disease.

Methods: Electronic databases including PubMed, Embase, and Corchrane library were searched for eligible literatures.

Establishment of an Adjusted Prognosis Analysis Model for Initially Diagnosed Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer With Brain Metastases From Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center.

Background: The current published prognosis models for brain metastases (BMs) from cancer have not addressed the issue of either newly diagnosed non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with BMs or the lung cancer genotype. We sought to build an adjusted prognosis analysis (APA) model, a new prognosis model specifically for NSCLC patients with BMs at the initial diagnosis using adjusted prognosis analysis (APA).

Patients And Methods: The model was derived using data from 1158 consecutive patients, with 837 in the derivation cohort and 321 in the validation cohort.

Long-lasting response to third-line crizotinib treatment in a patient with non-small cell lung cancer with brain metastases and poor performance status.

Identification of the anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) gene has refined the classification of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and promoted research on molecularly targeted drugs such as crizotinib, an ALK inhibitor with good efficacy, in ALK-rearranged NSCLC. At present, few studies have reported the efficacy of crizotinib in patients with ALK-rearranged NSCLC with brain metastases. In a patient with NSCLC harboring ALK-rearrangement who had brain metastases and poor performance status (PS), we obtained a durable response with crizotinib administered following multi-line chemotherapy regimens.

Consolidation chemotherapy improves progression-free survival in stage III small-cell lung cancer following concurrent chemoradiotherapy: a retrospective study.

Background: Concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT) is the standard treatment for limited-stage small-cell lung cancer (LD-SCLC). However, the efficacy of consolidation chemotherapy (CCT) in LD-SCLC remains controversial despite several studies that were performed in the early years of CCT use. The aim of this study was to reevaluate the effectiveness and toxicities associated with CCT.

Signals involved in the effects of bisphenol A (BPA) on proliferation and motility of Leydig cells: a comparative proteomic analysis.

Recent studies indicated that bisphenol A (BPA) can disrupt spermatogenesis and then cause male infertility. The present study revealed that BPA greater than 10 M inhibited the proliferation of Leydig TM3 cells a concentration dependent manner. The proteomic study revealed that 50 proteins were modulated in TM3 cells following exposure to BPA, which was relevant to structure, motility, cell metabolism, protein and nucleotide processing, and cell proliferation.

Radiotherapy for asymptomatic brain metastasis in epidermal growth factor receptor mutant non-small cell lung cancer without prior tyrosine kinase inhibitors treatment: a retrospective clinical study.

Background: Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with brain metastasis (BM) harboring an epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutation shows good response to tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs). This study is to assess the appropriate timing of brain radiotherapy (RT) for asymptomatic BM in EGFR mutant NSCLC patients.

Methods: There were 628 patients diagnosed with EGFR mutant NSCLC between October 2005 and December 2011.

Blood-brain barrier permeability of gefitinib in patients with brain metastases from non-small-cell lung cancer before and during whole brain radiation therapy.

Introduction: To explore the ability of gefitinib to penetrate blood brain barrier (BBB) during whole brain radiation therapy (WBRT).

Patients And Methods: Enrolled in this study were eligible patients who were diagnosed with BM from NSCLC. Gefitinib was given at 250 mg/day for 30 days, then concurrently with WBRT (40 Gy/20 F/4 w), followed by maintenance.

Phase I dose-escalation study of aflibercept plus docetaxel in nasopharyngeal carcinoma and other solid tumors.

Aim: To confirm whether the aflibercept dose, plus docetaxel, in western study TCD6120 is appropriate for Chinese patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) and other solid tumors.

Materials & Methods: To assess dose-limiting toxicity of every 3-week 4 mg/kg or 6 mg/kg aflibercept plus 75 mg/m(2) docetaxel.

Results: Previously treated patients (16 with NPC and 4 with lung cancer) were enrolled.

Toxic epidermal necrolysis related to AP (pemetrexed plus cisplatin) and gefitinib combination therapy in a patient with metastatic non-small cell lung cancer.

Toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN) is a rare acute life-threatening mucocutaneous disorder that is mostly drug-related (80%-95%). It is clinically characterized as a widespread sloughing of the skin and mucosa. AP regimen (pemetrexed plus cisplatin) has been the preferred first-line chemotherapy for metastatic non-squamous non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).

CEP-33779 antagonizes ATP-binding cassette subfamily B member 1 mediated multidrug resistance by inhibiting its transport function.

The overexpression of ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters often leads to the development of multidrug resistance (MDR), which is the major factor contributing to the failure of chemotherapy. The objective of this study was to investigate the enhancement of CEP-33779, a small-molecule inhibitor of Janus kinase 2 (JAK2), on the efficacy of conventional chemotherapeutic agents in MDR cells with overexpression of P-glycoprotein (ABCB1), multidrug resistance-associated protein 1 (ABCC1) and breast cancer resistance protein (ABCG2). Our results showed that CEP-33779, at nontoxic concentrations, significantly sensitized ABCB1 overexpressing MDR cells to its anticancer substrates.

Pemetrexed and cisplatin combination with concurrent whole brain radiotherapy in patients with brain metastases of lung adenocarcinoma: a single-arm phase II clinical trial.

Pemetrexed-based chemotherapy presented about 40 % response rate (RR) on brain lesions of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). But whole brain radiotherapy (WBRT) is still the standard treatment when surgery or radio-surgery is not feasible. This trial evaluated the efficacy and safety and efficacy of pemetrexed-cisplatin plus concurrent WBRT in this population.

Triplet platinum-based combination sequential chemotherapy improves survival outcome and quality of life of advanced non-small cell lung cancer patients.

Background: Maintenance chemotherapy is one strategy pursued in recent years with intent to break through the chemotherapy plateau for advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, given the toxicity, platinum-based combinations are rarely given for this purpose. We carried out the present prospective study of triplet platinum-based combination sequential chemotherapy in advanced NSCLC to investigate if patients could tolerate and benefit from such intensive treatment.

Enhancing chemosensitivity in ABCB1- and ABCG2-overexpressing cells and cancer stem-like cells by an Aurora kinase inhibitor CCT129202.

Imidazopyridine CCT129202 is an inhibitor of Aurora kinase activity and displays a favorable antineoplastic effect in preclinical studies. Here, we investigated the enhanced effect of CCT129202 on the cytotoxicity of chemotherapeutic drugs in multidrug resistant (MDR) cells with overexpression of ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters and cancer stem-like cells. CCT129202 of more than 90% cell survival concentration significantly enhanced the cytotoxicity of substrate drugs and increased the intracellular accumulations of doxorubicin and rhodamine 123 in ABCB1 and ABCG2 overexpressing cells, while no effect was found on parental sensitive cells.

Gefitinib alone or with concomitant whole brain radiotherapy for patients with brain metastasis from non-small-cell lung cancer: a retrospective study.

Background: Gefitinib, a tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), is used both as a single drug and concurrently with whole brain radiotherapy (WBRT) the standard treatment for brain metastases (BM), and is reported to be effective in a few small studies of patients with BM from non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, no study has compared the two treatment modalities. This retrospective analysis was conducted to compare the efficacy of gefitinib alone with gefitinib plus concomitant WBRT in treatment of BM from NSCLC.

Chemotherapy with concurrent brain and thoracic radiotherapy in brain-only metastases of treatment naive small-cell lung cancer: a phase II study.

To study the treatment outcomes of brain-only metastases from small-cell lung cancer (SCLC) at initial diagnose treated by chemotherapy with concurrent brain and thoracic radiotherapy (RT). From Jan 2004 to Jan 2009, 36 treatment-naïve SCLC patients with brain-only metastases in Sun yat-sen University were enrolled. Treatment contained initial EP chemotherapy with concurrent whole-brain radiotherapy (WBRT).

Blockade of Her2/neu binding to Hsp90 by emodin azide methyl anthraquinone derivative induces proteasomal degradation of Her2/neu.

Overexpression of HER2/neu, a transmembrane tyrosine kinase acting as a coreceptor for other EGFR family members, is well-known to be associated with a poor prognosis in cancer. In the present study, we observed that emodin AMAD, a novel emodin azide methyl anthraquinone derivative, extracted from nature's giant knotweed rhizome of traditional Chinese herbs, potently decreased Her2/neu protein in dose- and time-dependent manners and also inhibited the downstream MAPK and PI3K-Akt signaling pathway. Intriguingly, reverse transcription-PCR and protein turnover assay revealed that the decrease of Her2/neu was independent of mRNA level but primarily owing to its protein stability.

Changes of bone resorption marker (NTX) in chemotherapy plus zoledronic acid versus chemotherapy alone for nasopharyngeal cancer patients with bone metastases.

Background: Zoledronic acid (ZOL) is the only bisphosphonate with demonstrated efficacy for the prevention of skeletal-related events (SRE) in patients with bone metastases of diverse malignant tumours. A recent large, retrospective analysis reported that a reduction in N-telopeptide of type I collagen (NTX) provided a continuum of reduced SRE risk and survival benefit in patients with bone metastases. The present prospective, open-label, randomised, phase II trial sought to evaluate NTX changes after ZOL administration in nasopharyngeal cancer (NPC) patients with bone metastases (BM).

[Establishment and evaluation of a prognostic prediction model for patients after complete resection of non-small cell lung cancer and multidisciplinary therapy].

Objective: A bias may be produced when only TNM stage is used to predict the prognosis of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) after complete resection and multidisciplinary treatment. The reason is that histological type, differentiation, and postoperative treatment which may also affect the survival are excluded in the prognosis prediction. The aim of this study is to establish and evaluate a prognostic prediction model for NSCLC patients based on pathological parameters after completely resection and postoperative treatment.