Understanding autism spectrum disorders with animal models: applications, insights, and perspectives.

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is typically characterized by common deficits in social skills and repetitive/stereotyped behaviors. It is widely accepted that genetic and environmental factors solely or in combination cause ASD. However, the underlying pathogenic mechanism is unclear due to its highly heterogeneous nature.

Combined treatment with vitamin K2 and PTH enhanced bone formation in ovariectomized rats and increased differentiation of osteoblast in vitro.

Osteoporosis is accompanied by insufficient osteogenic capacity. Several lines of evidence suggested that solutions to enhance osteoblastogenesis were important strategies for osteoporotic bone defect repair. This study investigated the effect of combined treatment with vitamin K2 and PTH on bone formation in calvarial bone defect in osteoporotic rats and its influence on osteoblast in vitro.

[Stiletto needle and needle-knife for influence of gravity index in treating knee osteoarthritis].

Objective: To explore stiletto needle and needle-knife for influence of double sufficient weight in treating knee osteoarthritis patients.

Methods: One hundred and thirteen early and medium term knee osteoarthritis patients were randomly divided into three groups, including stiletto needle group(38 cases), needle-knife group (38 cases) and voltaren group (37 cases). In stiletto needle group, there were 13 males and 25 females with an average of(55.

Nickel N-heterocyclic carbene catalyzed C-C bond formation: a new route to aryl ketones.

A novel nickel N-heterocyclic carbene catalyzed cross-coupling reaction of aryl aldehydes with boronic esters for the synthesis of aryl ketones was developed. This reaction provides a mild, practical method toward aryl ketones, which are versatile intermediates and building blocks in organic synthesis.

[Lethal effects of Trichoderma longibrachiatum on Heterodera avenae].

The lethal effect of the conidia suspension of Trichoderma longibrachiatum against second stage juveniles of Heterodera avenae was observed under microscopic conditions and studied in vitro to preliminarily determine the potential and mechanism of the conidia suspension of T. longibrachiatum against H. avenae.

[Case-control study on the treatment of patients with scapular muscle fasciitis by Pizhen].

Objective: To evaluate and analyze the mechanism of Pizhen for the treatment of patients with scapular muscle fasciitis.

Methods: One hundred and sixteen patients were divided into two groups according to random number table method, 58 cases in the treatment group and 58 cases in the control group. After treatment, 109 patients were followed up, and 7 patients lost follow-up (2 cases in the treatment group and 5 patients in the control group).

[Parasitic and lethal effects of Trichoderma longibrachiatum on Heterodera avenae: microscopic observation and bioassay].

A laboratory experiment was conducted to study the parasitic and lethal effects of Trichoderma longibrachiatum conidia suspension on Heterodera avenae cysts. Different concentrations (1.5 x 10(5)-1.

[Distribution and physicochemical properties of aquatic colloids in the Yangtze estuarine and coastal ecosystem].

Cross-flow ultrafiltration (CFUF) technique was applied for isolating colloids from waters in the Yangtze estuarine and coastal ecosystem. The stability and physicochemical properties of colloids were analyzed quantitatively. Colloidal size and Zeta-potential at XP and WSK station decreased with the increasing pH, and reached the point of zero charge at pH < 2 and pH 3.

[Clinical evaluation of stiletto needle for pain of knee osteoarthritis].

Objective: To objectively evaluate the clinical efficacy of stiletto needle for pain of knee osteoarthri tis (KOA), and analyze its function mechanism.

Methods: Seventy-six cases of KOA (76 knees) were selected. Under the guide of Jingjin theory in TCM, stiletto needle was applied at pain point of Jingjin in extra-articular area to have a loose solution effect, 1 to 3 points were selected each time, 1 to 2 times of treatment were required.

[Case-control study on stiletto needle and Dichofenac Diethylammon for the treatment of knee osteoarthritis pain].

Objective: To investigate therapeutic effects of stiletto needle and Dichofenac Diethylammon in treating knee osteoarthritis pain at early and medium-term.

Methods: Sixty-seven patients with early and medium-term knee osteoarthritis were randomly divided into two groups, 34 cases in stiletto needle group (treatment group) and 33 cases in Dichofenac Diethylammon (control group). Among them, 60 patients finished treatment and followed-up for 1 months (7 cases fall off totally, 4 cases in treatment group and 3 cases in control group).

[Case-control study on the treatment of pain in patients with knee osteoarthritis by Pizhen].

Objective: To evaluate and analyze mechanism of Pizhen for the treatment of pain in patients with knee osteoarthritis.

Methods: Eighty-five patients (85 knees) were divided into two groups according to random number table method. Among 35 patients in the experimental group, 6 patients were male and 29 patients were female, 1 patient lost follow-up, the average age was (56.

[Study on midterm follow-up results of arthroscopic debridement for knee osteoarthritis].

Objective: To evaluate the effect of arthroscopic debridement for knee osteoarthritis.

Methods: The medical records of 56 patients (56 knees) who underwent arthroscopic debridement procedures for knee osteoarthritis from 2000 to 2004 were reviewed. Among the patients, 15 patients were male and 41 patients were female,ranged in age from 39 to 76 years, with an average of (55.

[Grading treatment of hip osteoarthritis].

Objective: To investigate therapeutic effects of intra-articular injection of sodium hyaluronate, arthroscopy and total hip replacement for the treatment of different severity hip osteoarthritis.

Methods: Eighty-nine patients were treated with the three methods from June 2004 to August 2008. There were 33 males and 56 females, ranging in age from 30 to 72 years, averaged 51.

[Alterations of DPC4/SMAD4/MADH4 gene detected in paraffin-embedded tissues of human pancreatic carcinomas].

Objective: To demonstrate the alterations of DPC4/SMAD4/MADH4 gene in paraffin-embedded tissues of pancreatic carcinomas.

Methods: Forty-six cases of resected specimens containing carcinomatous tissue and normal pancreatic tissue were analysed for possible DPC4 gene mutations by polymerase chain reaction (PCR)and single-strand conformation polymorphism (SSCP). The DNA sequencing technique was applied to determine the patterns of gene mutation in the PCR-SSCP positive cases.

[Expression of DPC4/Smad4, p21wafI, and p16 in human pancreatic cancer].

Background & Objective: DPC4/Smad4 inactivation was detected in almost half of the pancreatic carcinomas result in the loss of inhibition of the tumor cell proliferation. p21wafI is the downstream target gene of Smad4 while DPC4 and p16 may synergistically play a role in the development of pancreatic carcinoma. By studying the expressions of DPC4/Smad4, p21wafI, and p16.