Changes in lipids and medium- and long-chain fatty acids during the spontaneous fermentation of ripened pu-erh tea.

During the fermentation of ripened pu-erh tea (RPT), the composition of lipids and other compounds changes significantly. In this study, we conducted industrial fermentation of RPT and observed that the levels of water extract, tea polyphenols, free amino acids, catechins, caffeine, rutin, theophylline, luteolin, and myricetin decreased, while the level of soluble sugar increased. Additionally, the levels of gallic acid, quercetin, ellagic acid, and kaempferol first increased and then decreased during fermentation.

FZU106 alleviates high-fat diet-induced lipid metabolism disorder in association with the modulation of intestinal microbiota in hyperlipidemic rats.

Probiotics have been proved to have beneficial effects in improving hyperlipidemia. The purpose of the current research was to investigate the ameliorative effects of FZU106, isolated from the traditional brewing of rice wine, on lipid metabolism and intestinal microbiota in high-fat diet (HFD)-induced hyperlipidemic rats. Results showed that FZU106 intervention obviously inhibited the abnormal increase of body weight, ameliorated serum and liver biochemical parameters related to lipid metabolism and oxidative stress.

Effects of FZU3013-Fermented on Lipid Metabolism and Gut Microbiota in Hyperlipidaemic Rats.

In this study, we explored the effect of FZU3013-fermented (LPLJ) supplementation to prevent hyperlipidaemia in rats fed with a high-fat diet (HFD). The results indicate that LPLJ supplementation improved serum and hepatic biochemical indicators ( < 0.05), elevated short-chain fatty acid levels, reduced HFD-induced accumulation of lipid droplets in the liver, modulated the relative abundance of some microbial phylotypes, and reduced hyperlipidaemia in HFD-fed rats by adjusting the aminoacyl-tRNA, phenylalanine, tyrosine, and tryptophan biosynthetic pathways, as well as the phenylalanine, D-glutamine and D-glutamate, and glutathione metabolic pathways.

The beneficial effects of Lactobacillus brevis FZU0713-fermented Laminaria japonica on lipid metabolism and intestinal microbiota in hyperlipidemic rats fed with a high-fat diet.

This study aimed to investigate the beneficial effects of the oral administration of Lactobacillus brevis FZU0713-fermented Laminaria japonica (FLJ) on lipid metabolism and intestinal microbiota in hyperlipidemic rats fed with a high-fat diet (HFD). The results demonstrated that the oral administration of FLJ significantly inhibited obesity and improved the serum and hepatic biochemical parameters in HFD-fed rats. Histopathological results also indicated that FLJ intervention could significantly reduce the accumulation of lipid droplets in the liver induced by HFD feeding.

Integrated proteomics and metabolomics analysis of tea leaves fermented by Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus tamarii and Aspergillus fumigatus.

Post-fermented Pu-erh tea (PFPT) is a microbially-fermented tea with distinct sensory qualities and multiple health benefits. Aspergillus are the dominant fungi in the fermentation and the main contributors to the characteristics of PFPT, so their underlying functions warrant detailed study. Here, tea leaves were fermented by Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus tamarii and Aspergillus fumigatus, and resulting samples (designated as Asn, Ast and Asf, respectively) were analyzed by proteomic and metabolomic methods.

The protective mechanisms of macroalgae Laminaria japonica consumption against lipid metabolism disorders in high-fat diet-induced hyperlipidemic rats.

Macroalgae Laminaria japonica (MLJ) has been reported to exhibit various biological activities including improving immunity, anti-aging, anti-tumor, anti-atherosclerosis and anti-diabetic, but the protective mechanisms of MLJ consumption against non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) associated with hyperlipidemia remain poorly understood. This study demonstrated that MLJ consumption prevented high-fat diet (HFD)-induced NAFLD associated with hyperlipidemia in a rat model, and improved hyperlipidemia-related parameters, e.g.

Baicalein enhances the osteogenic differentiation of human periodontal ligament cells by activating the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway.

Objective: Periodontium regeneration is one of the most important processes for periodontitis therapy. Human periodontal ligament cells (hPDLCs) play a vital role in the repair and regeneration of periodontal tissues. Our study aimed to investigated the mechanisms underlying the promotion of hPLDCs osteogenic differentiation by baicalein.

Endogenous hydrogen sulfide is involved in osteogenic differentiation in human periodontal ligament cells.

Objective: Endogenous hydrogen sulfide (H2S) has recently emerged as an important intracellular gaseous signaling molecule within cellular systems. Endogenous H2S is synthesized from l-cysteine via cystathionine β-synthase and cystathionine γ-lyase and it regulates multiple signaling pathways in mammalian cells. Indeed, aberrant H2S levels have been linked to defects in bone formation in experimental mice.

Backbone tree for Chaetothyriales with four new species of Minimelanolocus from aquatic habitats.

We are studying the freshwater lignicolous fungi along a north-south latitudinal gradient in Asia. In this paper, fresh collections of Minimelanolocus from submerged wood in streams in Yunnan Province, China are characterised based on morphology and molecular phylogeny based on three rDNA regions: 18S (SSU), ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 (ITS) and 28S nuclear rDNA (LSU).

Comparative Analysis of Sporulating and Spore-Deficient Strains of Agrocybe salicacola Based on the Transcriptome Sequences.

The large number of spores produced by edible mushrooms cause many problems, including causing lung disease, depleting natural genetic diversity, and reduced quality of fruiting bodies. Obtaining spore-deficient strains and understanding the underlying molecular mechanisms of such strains are important for breeding work. In this study, we crossed monokaryotic strains isolated from the edible fungi Agrocybe salicacola to obtain three spore-deficient strains with losses of the sterigmata on the surface of the lamella.

[Effect of tensile strain on perlecan expression of human periodontal ligament cells].

Purpose: To investigate the perlecan expression of human periodontal ligament cells (hPDLCs) under cyclic tensile strain in vitro, and learn the molecular mechanism of periodontal remolding during tooth movement.

Methods: hPDLCs isolated by enzyme digestion were loaded with 12% elongation, 1 Hz of uniaxial tensile strain for 12, 24 and 48 h. The unloaded cells were used as control.

Gene Expressing Difference in Sclerotial Formation of Morchella conica.

The difference of gene expression between sclerotia-producing and non-sclerotia-producing single spore isolates from Morchella conica were preliminary analyzed by mRNA differential display reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) technique and 67 differential gene fragments were obtained. Fifty-eight of their second PCR products were cloned and sequenced. Thirteen special differential gene fragments related to sclerotial formation were validated by semi-quantitative RT-PCR.