Unleashing the potential of biotechnological strategies for the sustainable production of microalgal polysaccharides.

The prevailing trend toward the increased application of natural polysaccharides in the food, cosmetics, and pharmaceutical sectors has provided the impetus for exploring sustainable biological feedstocks. Amongst them, photoautotrophic microalgae have garnered huge research and commercial interests for polysaccharide production by photosynthesis, thereby concurrently attaining carbon sequestration and green production of valuable metabolites. However, conventional approaches for enhancing polysaccharide accumulation warrant adverse conditions, which in turn hinder cellular growth and productivity.

Physiological responses and adaptive mechanisms of the harmful algal bloom species Heterosigma akashiwo to naphthalene exposure.

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), especially naphthalene (Nap), pose a significant threat to coastal ecosystems and may contribute to the occurrence of harmful algal blooms (HABs). However, the response mechanisms of HAB species to PAH pollution remain unclear. This study investigated the physiological and molecular responses of the HAB species Heterosigma akashiwo to varying Nap concentrations.

Unveiling novel oxygen-dependent docosahexaenoic acid biosynthesis pathway in Crypthecodinium cohnii via dual-function △4-fatty acid desaturases.

Crypthecodinium cohnii, a protist renowned for its high docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) production, has an unclear mechanism for converting docosapentaenoic acid (DPA) into DHA. This study employed transcriptomic analysis to investigate the effect of excessive oxygen limitation (EOL) on DHA biosynthesis, uncovering a novel oxygen-dependent pathway. The use of intermittent oxygen limitation (IOL) strategy significantly boosted DHA production.

Responses of nuclear receptor HR96 to the toxic dinoflagellate Prorocentrum lima in Crassostrea ariakensis.

Diarrhetic shellfish toxins (DSTs) are widely distributed and the most common algal toxins and their metabolic detoxification mechanism in shellfish remains poorly understood. Nuclear receptors are pivotal in regulating the detoxification of xenobiotics across various species. In this study, we identified the homologous sequence HR96 of the PXR/VDR/CAR nuclear receptor gene in Crassostrea ariakensis, and found that it may play an important role in resistance to DSTs.

Optimizing longifolene production in via metabolic and protein engineering.

Longifolene (CH) is a tricyclic sesquiterpene widely utilized in the cosmetics and fragrances due to its versatile applications. Traditional extraction methods from plants suffer from low titer and lengthy production cycles, while chemical synthesis is hampered by the compound's complex structure, leading to high costs and insufficient market supply. This study aimed to develop a microbial cell factory for enhanced longifolene production.

Understanding the Molecular Mechanisms of Pyrene in Governing the Critical Metabolic Circuits of .

Pyrene, a representative polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon, frequently occurs in aquatic environments and is associated with lethal impacts on humans and wildlife. This study examined the impact of pyrene on , a dinoflagellate responsible for harmful algal blooms, and their capability to bioremove pyrene. In a 96 h exposure experiment, effectively reduced the pyrene concentration in seawater to 50, 100, and 200 μg/L, with a combined removal efficiency of 96% in seawater.

Oral Immunization of Mice with a Nonantibiotic Recombinant Coexpressing TsNd and gp43 Protein Vaccine Combined with a Murine Interleukin-33 Adjuvant.

Trichinellosis, a zoonotic disease transmitted through food and caused by , is a significant health concern worldwide. Therefore, developing a safe and effective vaccine to combat infection is essential. In this study, a nonantibiotic strain lacking the gene served as a live bacterial vector to deliver antigens to the host, creating a novel oral vaccine.

Mechanistic impact of Gracilaria bailinae extracts on photosynthesis and metabolism in Phaeodactylum tricornutum.

In the intricate realm of aquatic ecosystems, biotic interactions play pivotal roles in shaping the physiological responses and survival strategies of microorganisms. This study investigates the effects of Gracilaria bailinae on photosynthesis and metabolism on the diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum and the ecological significance. Our results reveal considerable suppression by G.

Microplastics-exposure experience aggravates the accumulation of diarrhetic shellfish toxins (DSTs) in thick-shell mussel Mytilus coruscus through impairing detoxification processes.

Possessing sessile filter-feeding lifestyle, bivalves are more susceptible to contamination by benthic phycotoxins such as the diarrhetic shellfish toxins (DSTs). Due to the prevalence of microplastics (MPs) in aquatic environments, bivalve that experienced MP-exposure are potentially at higher risk from exposure to DSTs-producing microalgae, however, little is known about the impacts of past MP-exposure experience on the accumulation of DSTs. In this study, taking polystyrene (PS) MPs and DSTs-producing Prorocentrum lima as representatives, the impacts of MP-exposure on DSTs accumulation were evaluated in the thick-shell mussel Mytilus coruscus.

Enhanced biodegradation of glyphosate by Chlorella sorokiniana engineered with exogenous purple acid phosphatase.

Organophosphate pesticides, particularly glyphosate, persist in aquatic environments due to widespread agricultural usage, posing substantial environmental and health risks. This study explores the bioremediation potential of genetically engineered Chlorella sorokiniana, expressing purple acid phosphatase (PAP) from Phaeodactylum tricornutum, for glyphosate biodegradation. The engineered strain (OE line) demonstrated complete glyphosate biodegradation at concentrations below 10 ppm within 4-6 days, surpassing the wild type (WT).

Single-cell sequencing and multiple machine learning algorithms to identify key T-cell differentiation gene for progression of NAFLD cirrhosis to hepatocellular carcinoma.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), which is closely associated with chronicinflammation, is the most common liver cancer and primarily involves dysregulated immune responses in the precancerous microenvironment. Currently, most studies have been limited to HCC incidence. However, the immunopathogenic mechanisms underlying precancerous lesions remain unknown.

Synergistic and stepwise treatment of resveratrol and catechol in Haematococcus pluvialis for the overproduction of biomass and astaxanthin.

To increase the production of biomass and astaxanthin from Haematococcus pluvialis to meet the high market demand for astaxanthin, this study recruited two typical and negligible phytohormones (namely resveratrol and catechol) for the stepwise treatments of H. pluvialis. It was found that the hybrid and sequential treatments of resveratrol (200 μmol) and catechol (100 μmol) had achieved the maximum astaxanthin content at 33.

Physiological and genetic responses of the benthic dinoflagellate Prorocentrum lima to polystyrene microplastics.

Microplastics are well known as contaminants in marine environments. With the development of biofilms, most microplastics will eventually sink and deposit in benthic environment. However, little research has been done on benthic toxic dinoflagellates, and the effects of microplastics on benthic dinoflagellates are unknown.

HBXIP induces PARP1 via WTAP-mediated mA modification and CEBPA-activated transcription in cisplatin resistance to hepatoma.

Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase 1 (PARP1) is a DNA-binding protein that is involved in various biological functions, including DNA damage repair and transcription regulation. It plays a crucial role in cisplatin resistance. Nevertheless, the exact regulatory pathways governing PARP1 have not yet been fully elucidated.

Magnetic-stirring-enhanced mechanical amorphous dispersion extraction for the hydrophobic phytochemical constituents using an aqueous solution from a medicinal plant.

A method involving chitosan-assisted magnetic-stirring-enhanced mechanical amorphous dispersion extraction was developed and utilized to extract hydrophobic anthraquinones from Rhei Radix et Rhizoma prior to ultrahigh performance liquid chromatography analysis. Incorporating natural chitosan as a dispersant facilitated the extraction of hydrophobic anthraquinones using purified water, considerably enhancing the eco-friendliness of the extraction methodology. To optimize extraction efficiency, an extensive evaluation of the crucial parameters influencing rhubarb yield was conducted.

Exposure to microplastics renders immunity of the thick-shell mussel more vulnerable to diarrhetic shellfish toxin-producing harmful algae.

Despite both microplastics (MPs) and harmful algae blooms (HABs) may pose a severe threat to the immunity of marine bivalves, the toxification mechanism underlying is far from being fully understood. In addition, owing to the prevalence and sudden occurrence characteristics of MPs and HABs, respectively, bivalves with MP-exposure experience may face acute challenge of harmful algae under realistic scenarios. However, little is known about the impacts and underlying mechanisms of MP-exposure experience on the susceptibility of immunity to HABs in bivalve mollusks.

Nontargeted metabolomics and enzyme inhibitory and antioxidant activities for chemical and biological characterization of jujube (Ziziphus jujuba) extracts.

The chemical and biologically active characterization of jujube samples (fruits, cores, and leaves) were carried out by the integrated nontargeted metabolomics and bioassay. Firstly, collision cross-section values of active compounds in jujubes were determined by ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography coupled with ion mobility quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry. Then, a multidimensional statistical analysis that contained principal component analysis, partial least squares-discriminant analysis and hierarchical clustering analysis was employed to effectively cluster different tissues and types of jujubes, making identification more scientific.

On-line concentration and separation of multiple derivatized monosaccharides from edible fruit with cyclodextrin-encapsulated sweeping by micellar electrokinetic chromatography.

An on-line enrichment and separation of multiple derivatized monosaccharides with cyclodextrin-encapsulated sweeping (CDES) by micellar electrokinetic chromatography (MEKC) was presented. Five monosaccharides (L-(-)-Mannose, D-(+)-Glucose, D-(-)-Ribose, D-(+)-Xylose, and L-(+)-Rhamnose) were derivatized with 1-phenyl-3-methyl-5-pyrazolone, subsequently concentrated and separated by MEKC. The optimized conditions were as follows: 50 mM phosphoric acid (PA), 100 mM sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), and 30 % (v/v) methanol in background solution; 140 s injection of sample solution containing 50 mM CD and 100 mM PA, followed by 90 s injection of 40 mM SDS solution.