Optic nerve sheath diameter/eyeball transverse diameter ratio by ultrasound in prediction of increased intracranial pressure in children with viral encephalitis.

Introduction: Increased intracranial pressure (ICP) is common with viral encephalitis in children which is associated with complications and prognosis. The optic nerve sheath diameter (ONSD) is a new indicator for the assessment of intracranial pressure using ultrasound, CT scan and MRI imaging. Given the influence of physical development on ONSD size in children, we expect more accurate assessment of intracranial pressure with ONSD/ETD (eyeball transverse diameter) ratio by ultrasound.

A one-step route for the conversion of Cd waste into CdS quantum dots by sp. unique biosynthesis pathways.

Microorganisms serve as biological factories for the synthesis of nanomaterials such as CdS quantum dots. Based on the uniqueness of sp., a one-step route was explored to directly convert cadmium waste into CdS QDs using these bacteria.

Association between preoperative neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio and the survival outcomes of esophageal cancer patients underwent esophagectomy: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to assess the association between preoperative neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and the survival outcomes of esophageal cancer patients who underwent esophagectomy, the latest and comprehensive systematic review performed.

Methods: Related literature retrieved from PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, and Cochrane before January 2024, according to the inclusion criteria. Outcomes measured were overall survival (OS), disease-free survival (DFS), relapse-free survival (RFS), and cancer-specific survival (CSS).

Factors Influencing Copulation Duration in (Fairmaire) (Coleoptera: Bothrideridae).

The gregarious ectoparasitic beetle (Fairmaire) is considered a primary biocontrol agent for controlling several cerambycid pests in East Asian countries. A thorough study of reproductive behavior is a prerequisite for the mass production of natural insect predators. Nonetheless, little attention has been given to this ectoparasitic beetle.

Association of severity in the grading of microvascular invasion with long-term oncological prognosis after liver resection for early-stage hepatocellular carcinoma: a multicenter retrospective cohort study from a hepatitis B virus-endemic area.

Background: The presence of microvascular invasion (MVI) is a significant malignant pathological feature related to recurrence and survival after liver resection for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). This study aimed to investigate the relationship between the severity in the grading of MVI and long-term oncological outcomes in patients with early-stage HCC.

Methods: A retrospective study was conducted on a prospectively maintained multicenter database on patients who underwent curative resection for Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer stage 0/A HCC between 2017 and 2020.

Induction of Autophagic Death in Cancer Cells by Agonizing TR3 and Attenuating Akt2 Activity.

Apoptotic resistance is becoming a significant obstacle for cancer therapy as the majority of treatment takes the route of apoptotic induction. It is of great importance to develop an alternative strategy to induce cancer cell death. We previously reported that autophagic cell death mediated by nuclear receptor TR3 and driven by a chemical agonist, 1-(3,4,5-trihydroxyphenyl)nonan-1-one (THPN), is highly effective in the therapy of melanoma but not any other cancer types.

Impeding the interaction between Nur77 and p38 reduces LPS-induced inflammation.

Sepsis, a hyperinflammatory response that can result in multiple organ dysfunctions, is a leading cause of mortality from infection. Here, we show that orphan nuclear receptor Nur77 (also known as TR3) can enhance resistance to lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced sepsis in mice by inhibiting NF-κB activity and suppressing aberrant cytokine production. Nur77 directly associates with p65 to block its binding to the κB element.

Orphan nuclear receptor TR3 acts in autophagic cell death via mitochondrial signaling pathway.

Autophagy is linked to cell death, yet the associated mechanisms are largely undercharacterized. We discovered that melanoma, which is generally resistant to drug-induced apoptosis, can undergo autophagic cell death with the participation of orphan nuclear receptor TR3. A sequence of molecular events leading to cellular demise is launched by a specific chemical compound, 1-(3,4,5-trihydroxyphenyl)nonan-1-one, newly acquired from screening a library of TR3-targeting compounds.

Diagnostic value of endobronchial ultrasound guided transbronchial needle aspiration in superior vena cava syndrome.

Background: The pathological diagnosis is of critical importance to the subsequent treatment for the pathients with superior vena cava syndrome (SVCS). The aim of this study is to report our experience in the diagnosis of SVCS by endobronchial ultrasound guided transbronchial needle aspiration (EBUS-TBNA).

Methods: The data of 520 patients who underwent EBUS-TBNA from September 2009 to May 2012 at our institution were reviewed.

[Preliminary comparison research of thoracoscopy and thoracotomy lobectomy for clinical N0 and post-operatively pathological N2 non-small cell lung cancer].

Objective: To evaluate the safty, thoroughness and efficacy of the video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery compared with open thoracotomy, in treatment of patients with the preoperative staging of lymph node negative and postoperative pathological mediastinal lymph node positive (cN0-pN2) locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC).

Methods: We performed a retrospective review of 616 patients who underwent either VATS lobectomy or open thoracotomy from July 2000 to December 2009. Of which 386 patients were diagnosed with preoperative staging of lymph node negative(cN0) non-small cell lung cancer.

[Multiple intracranial lesions: a clinicalpathologic study of 62 cases].

Objective: To study the clinicalpathologic features of intracranial multiple lesions.

Methods: The clinical, radiologic and pathologic features of intracranial multiple lesions in 62 cases during the period from 2005 to 2009 in Xuanwu Hospital were retrospectively reviewed.

Results: There were 32 males and 30 females in 62 cases.

[Diagnostic use of D2-40 and annexin-1 in ependymal tumors].

Objective: To investigate the diagnostic significance of D2-40 and annexin-1 in the ependymal tumors.

Methods: To analyses the expression of D2-40, annexin-1, EMA and Ki-67 by immunohistochemistry in 52 cases of ependymal tumors (48 cases of ependymomas, 4 cases of choroid plexus papilloma) from Xuanwu Hospital from 2005 to 2009. Ten cases of corresponding normal brain tissue were also obtained as control.

[Expression and diagnostic significance of CD34 in brain tumors of patients with refractory epilepsy].

Objective: To study the immunohistochemical expression and diagnostic significance of CD34 in brain tumors of patients with refractory epilepsy.

Methods: Immunohistochemical study for CD34 was performed on formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue blocks of 54 cases of brain tumors occurring in patients with refractory epilepsy. The tumor types included ganglioglioma (GG, number = 21), dysembryoplastic neuroepithelial tumor (DNT, number = 8), tumors/lesions which had the transitional features that between glioneuronal hamartia and mixed neuronal-glial tumor (number = 21) and pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma (PXA, number = 4).

[Brain tumors in patients with intractable epilepsy: a clinicopathologic study of 35 cases].

Objective: To study the clinicopathologic features of brain tumors occurring in patients with medically intractable epilepsy.

Methods: The clinical, radiologic and pathologic features of brain tumors occurring in 35 patients with intractable epilepsy encountered during the period from January, 2005 to April, 2008 in Xuanwu Hospital were retrospectively reviewed.

Results: The mean age of seizure onset and duration of disease were 14.

[Expression of drug resistance-associated proteins in brain of patients with refractory epilepsy].

Objective: To study the expression of P-glycoprotein, multi-drug resistance associated protein and major vault protein in pathologic brain specimens, and to investigate their roles in the pathogenesis of refractory epilepsy.

Methods: Immunohistochemical study was performed in pathology specimens from 18 cases of refractory epilepsy (including 5 cases of focal cortical dysplasia, 3 cases of tuberous sclerosis, 5 cases of ganglioglioma and 5 cases of dysembryoplastic neuroepithelial tumor).

Results: Both the P-glycoprotein and major vault protein were localized in microvascular endothelium of the lesions.

[Research on distribution and expression of NMDA receptors and parvalbumin-positive neurons in intractable epilepsy-related focal cortical dysplasia].

Objective: To evaluate the alteration of subunits composition in NMDA receptor and the alterations of the expression and distribution of NMDA receptors and parvalbumin (PV)-positive neurons in focal cortical dysplasia (FCD) cortices.

Methods: Twenty cases of FCD samples (including all four subtypes of FCD) obtained during epilepsy surgery and 4 controls were analysed by immunohistochemical staining for NR1, NR2A/B and PV.

Results: Increased expression of NR1 was detected in the giant neurons and dysmorphic neurons in FCD; while pronounced expression of NR2A/B was detected in immature neurons, giant neurons and dysmorphic neurons of FCD, especially in somata and processes of the immature neurons.

Preparation of Enantiomerically Enriched (2R,3R)- or (2S,3S)-trans-2,3-Diaryloxiranes via Camphor-Derived Sulfonium Ylides.

Easily available D-(+)-camphor-derived sulfides 3, 4, 6, and 7 were employed for enantioselective epoxidation via an ylide route. When benzylated or methylated sulfides were used as reagents or mediators for benzylidene transfer, stoichiometric and catalytic epoxidations were realized, respectively. Opposite asymmetric induction was achieved only when sulfides containing exo- (3 and 4) and endo- (6 and 7) alkylthio groups were used.