Pretreatment with Lovastatin Improves Depression-Like Behavior After Traumatic Brain Injury Through Activation of the AMPK Pathway.

Background: The beneficial effect of pretreatment with statins on traumatic brain injury (TBI)-induced depression and anxiety and its mechanism of action remain unclear. In this study, we combined epidemiological and experimental animal data to clarify this issue.

Methods: We used the Taiwan National Health Insurance database to identify patients who were diagnosed with TBI from 2000 to 2013 and compared patients with and without statin treatment matched by age, sex, and underlying comorbidities in a 1:1 ratio.

Synthesis and In Vitro Photocytotoxicity of 9-/13-Lipophilic Substituted Berberine Derivatives as Potential Anticancer Agents.

The objective of this study was to synthesize the 9-/13-position substituted berberine derivatives and evaluate their cytotoxic and photocytotoxic effects against three human cancer cell lines. Among all the synthesized compounds, 9--dodecyl- (), 13-dodecyl- (), and 13--dodecyl-berberine () exhibited stronger growth inhibition against three human cancer cell lines, (HepG2, HT-29 and BFTC905), in comparison with structurally related berberine (). These three compounds also showed the photocytotoxicity in human cancer cells in a concentration-dependent and light dose-dependent manner.

Immediate effects of various physical therapeutic modalities on cervical myofascial pain and trigger-point sensitivity.

Objective: To investigate the immediate effect of physical therapeutic modalities on myofascial pain in the upper trapezius muscle.

Design: Randomized controlled trial.

Setting: Institutional practice.