Second harmonic generation based on graphene hyperstructure for higher resolution and performance on top of achieving fundamental wave detection in theory.

In this paper, an innovative one-dimensional graphene hyperstructure (GHS) is proposed, allowing for the concurrent detection of multiple physical parameters in both the fundamental and second harmonic generation. The sensing characteristics of GHS pertaining to magnetic field strength (B), incident electromagnetic wave angle (θ), and graphene thickness (d) are systematically investigated. Moreover, through the incorporation of second harmonic generation alongside fundamental detection, higher resolution and performance are achieved.

Absorptive frequency-selective transmission/reflection metamaterials with angular-insensitive and switchable octave absorption.

Absorptive frequency-selective transmission/reflection (AFST/AFSR) metamaterials (MMs) embedded with yttrium-iron-garnet are proposed, capable of achieving angular-insensitive and switchable octave absorption. The season optimization algorithm is utilized to optimize the structural parameters of the MM, thus achieving exceptional angular stability. By adjusting the discrete decreasing magnetic field applied to the MM, it can freely switch between double, triple, quadruple, and fivefold octave absorptions.

Command of three-dimensional solitary waves via photopatterning.

Multidimensional solitons are prevalent in numerous research fields. In orientationally ordered soft matter system, three-dimensional director solitons exemplify the localized distortion of molecular orientation. However, their precise manipulation remains challenging due to unpredictable and uncontrolled generation.

The influence of ESG practices on domestic value-added to exports during the period of technological change.

Sustainable development and raising the domestic value-added rate of exports (DVARE) have become essential priorities in the pursuit of high-quality economic growth. An econometric spatial model is developed in this research using data on Chinese enterprises spanning 2008 to 2019. According to a study, exports' domestic value-added rate (DVAR) can be successfully increased using environmental, social, and governance (ESG) practices.

[Water use characteristics and the mechanism of water uptake in two typical sand-fixing species in Mu Us sandy land].

Understanding water absorption mechanisms of sand-fixing plants is important for the rational establishment of plant community structures, thereby providing a scientific basis for desertification control and the efficient utilization of water resources in sandy areas. Based on the hydrogen and oxygen isotopic compositions of precipi-tation, soil water, xylem water, and groundwater, coupled with soil water-heat dynamics, annual water consumption characteristics of vegetation, using the multi-source linear mixing model (IsoSource), we analyzed the differences in water sources between and , during winter and the growing season. We further examined the effects of groundwater depth (2 m and 10 m), soil freezing-thawing, and drought on their water utilization to elucidate water absorption mechanisms of those species.

High-Order Nonlinear Electrophoresis in a Nematic Liquid Crystal.

Electrophoresis is the motion of particles relative to a surrounding fluid driven by a uniform electric field. In conventional electrophoresis, the electrophoretic velocity grows linearly with the applied field. Nonlinear effects with a quadratic speed vs field dependence are gaining research interest since an alternating current field could drive them.

Tunable origami metastructure based on liquid crystal for curvature sensing.

In this paper, a liquid crystal (LC) tunable origami metastructure (OMS) designed for curvature sensing on cylindrical surfaces to measure their curvature is introduced. The LC employed is K15 (5CB) and the applicable band is 0.36∼23 GHz.

Prediction of recurrence-related factors for patients with early-stage cervical cancer following radical hysterectomy and adjuvant radiotherapy.

Objective: To analyze recurrent factors in patients with clinical early-stage cervical cancer (ESCC) following hysterectomy and adjuvant radiotherapy.

Methods: We collected data from patients with ESCC, staged according to the 2009 Federation International of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) staging criteria, who underwent hysterectomy followed by adjuvant radiotherapy between 2012 and 2019. These patients were subsequently restaged using the 2018 FIGO criteria.

Dynamically Modulating the Dissymmetry Factor of Circularly Polarized Organic Ultralong Room-Temperature Phosphorescence from Soft Helical Superstructures.

Achieving circularly polarized organic ultralong room-temperature phosphorescence (CP-OURTP) with a high luminescent dissymmetry factor (g ) is crucial for diverse optoelectronic applications. In particular, dynamically controlling the dissymmetry factor of CP-OURTP can profoundly advance these applications, but it is still unprecedented. This study introduces an effective strategy to achieve photoirradiation-driven chirality regulation in a bilayered structure film, which consists of a layer of soft helical superstructure incorporated with a light-driven molecular motor and a layer of room-temperature phosphorescent (RTP) polymer.

Light Management of Metal Halide Scintillators for High-Resolution X-Ray Imaging.

The ever-growing need to inspect matter with hyperfine structures requires a revolution in current scintillation detectors, and the innovation of scintillators is revived with luminescent metal halides entering the scene. Notably, for any scintillator, two fundamental issues arise: Which kind of material is suitable and in what form should the material exist? The answer to the former question involves the sequence of certain atoms into specific crystal structures that facilitate the conversion of X-ray into light, whereas the answer to the latter involves assembling these crystallites into particular material forms that can guide light propagation toward its corresponding pixel detector. Despite their equal importance, efforts are overwhelmingly devoted to improving the X-ray-to-light conversion, while the material-form-associated light propagation, which determines the optical signal collected for X-ray imaging, is largely overlooked.

Topological transformations of a nematic drop.

Morphogenesis of living systems involves topological shape transformations which are highly unusual in the inanimate world. Here, we demonstrate that a droplet of a nematic liquid crystal changes its equilibrium shape from a simply connected tactoid, which is topologically equivalent to a sphere, to a torus, which is not simply connected. The topological shape transformation is caused by the interplay of nematic elastic constants, which facilitates splay and bend of molecular orientations in tactoids but hinders splay in the toroids.

Anapole-excited terahertz multifunctional spoof surface plasmon polariton directional Janus metastructures.

The anapole mode, in which a distinct radiationless electromagnetic (EM) response in artificial media can be achieved, has attracted significant attention and been regarded as a promising candidate to initiate novel avenues to control the intrinsic radiative losses in nanophotonics and plasmonics, whose current research studies mainly focus on the manipulation of the one-directional incident wave. To exploit the propagation characteristic of incident waves in anapole-excited (AE) media, a set of terahertz (THz) multifunctional Janus metastructures (JMSs) for the opposite linear-polarized (LP) light excitation is presented in this paper. By introducing the directional-selective spoof surface plasmon polariton (SSPP) excited by anapole mode, a metastructure rasorber (MSR) possessing an absorption band of 2-3.

Self-assembled liquid crystal architectures for soft matter photonics.

Self-assembled architectures of soft matter have fascinated scientists for centuries due to their unique physical properties originated from controllable orientational and/or positional orders, and diverse optic and photonic applications. If one could know how to design, fabricate, and manipulate these optical microstructures in soft matter systems, such as liquid crystals (LCs), that would open new opportunities in both scientific research and practical applications, such as the interaction between light and soft matter, the intrinsic assembly of the topological patterns, and the multidimensional control of the light (polarization, phase, spatial distribution, propagation direction). Here, we summarize recent progresses in self-assembled optical architectures in typical thermotropic LCs and bio-based lyotropic LCs.

3-Methyladenine but not antioxidants to overcome BACH2-mediated bortezomib resistance in mantle cell lymphoma.

Background: Bortezomib (BTZ) is an inhibitor of the proteasome that has been used to treat patients with mantle cell lymphoma (MCL), but the resistance to BTZ in clinical cases remains a major drawback. BACH2 is a lymphoid-specific transcription repressor recognized as a tumor suppressor in MCL. Reduced BACH2 levels contribute to BTZ resistance; however, the molecular events underlying BACH2-mediated BTZ resistance are largely unclear.

Correction: Shear-induced polydomain structures of nematic lyotropic chromonic liquid crystal disodium cromoglycate.

Correction for 'Shear-induced polydomain structures of nematic lyotropic chromonic liquid crystal disodium cromoglycate' by Hend Baza et al., Soft Matter, 2020, 16, 8565-8576.

Shear-induced polydomain structures of nematic lyotropic chromonic liquid crystal disodium cromoglycate.

Lyotropic chromonic liquid crystals (LCLCs) represent aqueous dispersions of organic disk-like molecules that form cylindrical aggregates. Despite the growing interest in these materials, their flow behavior is poorly understood. Here, we explore the effect of shear on dynamic structures of the nematic LCLC, formed by 14 wt% water dispersion of disodium cromoglycate (DSCG).

Novel pathways of HIV latency reactivation revealed by integrated analysis of transcriptome and target profile of bryostatin.

The reactivation of HIV latency cell will be necessary to curing HIV infection. Although many latency-reversal agents (LRAs) have proven effective to reactivate the latency cell, there is a lack of any systematic analysis of the molecular targets of these LRAs and related pathways in the context of transcriptome. In this study, we performed an integrated analysis of the target profile of bryostatin and transcriptome of the reactivated CD4 T cells after exposing to bryostatin.

Cell alignment by smectic liquid crystal elastomer coatings with nanogrooves.

Control of cells behavior through topography of substrates is an important theme in biomedical applications. Among many materials used as substrates, polymers show advantages since they can be tailored by chemical functionalization. Fabrication of polymer substrates with nano- and microscale topography requires processing by lithography, microprinting, etching, and so forth.

Visible-Light-Driven Halogen Bond Donor Based Molecular Switches: From Reversible Unwinding to Handedness Inversion in Self-Organized Soft Helical Superstructures.

Visible-light-driven molecular switches endowing reversible modulation of the functionalities of self-organized soft materials are currently highly sought after for fundamental scientific studies and technological applications. Reported herein are the design and synthesis of two novel halogen bond donor based chiral molecular switches that exhibit reversible photoisomerization upon exposure to visible light of different wavelengths. These chiral molecular switches induce photoresponsive helical superstructures, that is, cholesteric liquid crystals, when doped into the commercially available room-temperature achiral liquid crystal host 5CB, which also acts as a halogen-bond acceptor.

Dye-doped dual-frequency nematic cells as fast-switching polarization-independent shutters.

We present polarization-independent optical shutters with a sub-millisecond switching time. The approach utilizes dual-frequency nematics doped with a dichroic dye. Two nematic cells with orthogonal alignment are driven simultaneously by a low-frequency or high-frequency electric field to switch the shutter either into a transparent or a light-absorbing state.

Surgical and oncological outcomes of an improved nerve-sparing radical hysterectomy technique: 6 years of experience at two centres.

Objective: An improved nerve-sparing radical hysterectomy (NSRH), which is based on the paravesico-vaginal space, has been recently introduced in a phase II, prospective clinical trial by our team. This study aims to report the surgical and oncological outcomes of this improved NSRH.

Methods: One hundred seventy-seven consecutive patients were enrolled in our study and underwent the improved NSRH.

Publisher Correction: Electrically driven three-dimensional solitary waves as director bullets in nematic liquid crystals.

The original version of this article contained an error in the description of Supplementary Movie 7, which incorrectly read 'Collision resulting in annihilation of two solitons. U  = 45.1 V, f  = 600 Hz, T = 50 °C, d = 8.