Comprehensive genomic and phenotypic characterization of thermophilic bacterium Sinimarinibacterium thermocellulolyticum sp. nov. HSW-8, a cellulase-producing bacterium isolated from hot spring water in South Korea.

A thermophilic cellulase-producing bacterium, strain HSW-8, isolated from hot spring waters in South Korea, was subjected to a taxonomic analysis. Cells of strain HSW-8 were gram-stain-negative, facultatively anaerobic, rod-shaped, with optimum growth at 45 °C, pH 7.0, in the presence of 0% (w/v) NaCl.

FDFT1 maintains glioblastoma stem cells through activation of the Akt pathway.

Background: Cancer stem cells (CSCs) have unique metabolic characteristics and are hypothesized to contribute significantly to the recurrence and drug resistance of glioblastoma multiforme (GBM). However, the reliance on mitochondrial metabolism and the underlying mechanism of glioblastoma stem cells (GSCs) remains to be elucidated.

Methods: To quantify differential mitochondrial protein expression between GSCs and differentiated cells, a mass spectrum screen was applied by the Stable Isotope Labeling with Amino Acids in Cell Culture (SILAC) technique.

Toxin production in bloom-forming, harmful alga Alexandrium pacificum (Group IV) is regulated by cyst formation-promoting bacteria Jannaschia cystaugens NBRC 100362.

Harmful algal blooms (HABs) caused by dinoflagellates like Alexandrium pacificum pose significant ecological and public health risks due to their production of paralytic shellfish toxins (PSTs). Bacterial populations, particularly Alexandrium cyst formation-promoting bacteria (Alex-CFPB), are known to significantly influence growth, encystment, toxin synthesis, the composition of toxic components, and bloom dynamics of these dinoflagellates. However, the role of Alex-CFPB in Alexandrium toxin synthesis and the mechanisms thereof are still unclear.

Gonyaulax montresoriae sp. nov. (Dinophyceae) from the Adriatic Sea produces predominantly yessotoxin.

Yessotoxin is one of the shellfish toxins leading to mussel farm closures in the Adriatic Sea of Italy. Two putative Gonyaulax spinifera strains GSA0501 and GSA0602 are known as yessotoxins producers, but their identities have remained elusive since 2005. To address this gap, we established five Gonyaulax strains by incubating sediments from the Adriatic Sea and subsequently isolating single cells.

Isobavachalcone enhances sensitivity of colistin-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae: In vitro and in vivo proof-of-concept studies.

Objective: Antibiotic resistance poses a considerable worldwide concern, particularly in clinical environments where drug-resistant Gram-negative bacteria like Klebsiella pneumoniae (K. pneumoniae) present a major challenge. The objective of this research was to investigate the mechanisms by which isobavachalcone (IBC) restores the sensitivity of K.

Inhibition of Transmural Inflammation in Crohn's Disease by Orally Administered Tumor Necrosis Factor-Alpha Deoxyribozymes-Loaded Pyroptosis Nanoinhibitors.

Crohn's disease (CD) is a refractory chronic inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) with unknown etiology. Transmural inflammation, involving the intestine and mesentery, represents a characteristic pathological feature of CD and serves as a critical contributor to its intractability. Here, this study describes an oral pyroptosis nanoinhibitor loaded with tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) deoxyribozymes (DNAzymes) (DNAzymes@degradable silicon nanoparticles@Mannose, Dz@MDSN), which can target macrophages at the site of inflammation and respond to reactive oxygen species (ROS) to release drugs.

Fingolimod Inhibits Exopolysaccharide Production and Regulates Relevant Genes to Eliminate the Biofilm of .

() exhibits the ability to form biofilms as a means of adapting to its adverse surroundings. in this biofilm state demonstrates remarkable resistance, evades immune system attacks, and poses challenges for complete eradication, thereby complicating clinical anti-infection efforts. Moreover, the precise mechanisms governing biofilm formation and disruption remain elusive.

Microfluidics-Derived Microparticles with Prebiotics and Probiotics for Enhanced In Situ Colonization and Immunoregulation of Colitis.

Oral administration of probiotics orchestrates the balance between intestinal microbes and the immune response. However, effective delivery and in situ colonization are limited by the harsh environment of the gastrointestinal tract. Herein, we provide a microfluidics-derived encapsulation strategy to address this problem.

Toxic dinoflagellate Centrodinium punctatum (Cleve) F.J.R. Taylor: An examination on the responses in growth and toxin contents to drastic changes of temperature and salinity.

To understand environmental effects affecting paralytic shellfish toxin production of Centrodinium punctatum, this study examined the growth responses, and toxin contents and profiles of a C. punctatum culture exposed to drastic changes of temperature (5-30 °C) and salinity (15-40). C.

Synthesis and antibacterial activity of FST and its effects on inflammatory response and intestinal barrier function in mice infected with Escherichia coli O78.

Pathogenic Escherichia coli (E. coli) can cause intestinal diseases in humans and livestock, damage the intestinal barrier, increase systemic inflammation, and seriously threaten human health and the development of animal husbandry. In this study, we designed and synthesized a novel conjugate florfenicol sulfathiazole (FST) based on drug combination principles, and investigated its antibacterial activity in vitro and its protective effect on inflammatory response and intestinal barrier function in E.

A Nanoinhibitor Targeting cGAS-STING Pathway to Reverse the Homeostatic Imbalance of Inflammation in Psoriasis.

Psoriasis is a chronic skin inflammation characterized by dysregulated crosstalk between immune cells and keratinocytes. Here we show that the cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS)-stimulator of interferon genes (STING) pathway is a key regulator of psoriatic inflammation in a mouse model. Platinum-doped positively charged carbon dots (Pt-CDs) were designed to inhibit the cGAS-STING pathway.

Surgical Management and Outcome of Entero-Urinary Fistula Complicating Crohn's Disease: A Single Center Study.

Background: Entero-urinary fistulas (EUF) are a rare complication of Crohn's disease (CD), observed in 1.6 to 7.7%.

Emticicia fluvialis sp. nov., a potential hormone-degrading bacterium isolated from Nakdong River, Republic of Korea.

A novel species of the genus Emticicia, designated BHSR1, was isolated from a water sample that was collected from the Nakdong River, Republic of Korea, and its taxonomic affiliation was studied using a polyphasic approach. This bacterium was Gram-stain-negative, non-motile, aerobic, curved, rod-shaped, and oxidase- and catalase-negative. The bacterium grew optimally at 37 °C, pH 7.

Deciphering the β-carotene hyperaccumulation in Dunaliella by the comprehensive analysis of Dunaliella salina and Dunaliella tertiolecta under high light conditions.

The green microalga Dunaliella salina hyperaccumulates β-carotene in the chloroplast, which turns its cells orange. This does not occur in the sister species Dunaliella tertiolecta. However, the molecular mechanisms of β-carotene hyperaccumulation were still unclear.

Circ_0007535 upregulates TGFBR1 to promote pulmonary fibrosis in TGF-β1-treated lung fibroblasts via sequestering miR-18a-5p.

Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are functional molecules in all kinds of fibrosis diseases. The current study was performed for the exploration of circ_0007535 in pulmonary fibrosis. RNA levels for circ_0007535, miR-18a-5p, and transforming growth factor-β receptor 1 (TGFBR1) were assayed via a reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction.

sp. nov., isolated from gut of marine sandworm () and emended description of the genus .

A novel, Gram-stain-negative, aerobic, motile, catalase- and oxidase-negative bacterial strain, designated A2M4, was isolated from the gut contents of a marine sandworm , collected from the eastern coast of the Republic of Korea. Strain A2M4 formed translucent circular colonies and showed rod-shaped cells with peritrichous flagella. Optimal growth of strain A2M4 occurred at 25 °C, pH 7.

Comparison of endoscopic balloon dilation and surgery for duodenal stricture in patients with Crohn's disease.

Background: Few studies have compared endoscopic balloon dilation (EBD) and surgery in the treatment of duodenal stricture in patients with Crohn's disease (CD).

Methods: We performed a retrospective study to compare the efficacy and safety among patients with CD-associated duodenal stricture treated with EBD or surgery from October 2013 to December 2021. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to evaluate factors associated with recurrence-free or surgery-free survival.

sp. nov., isolated from coastal water.

A Gram-strain-negative, strictly aerobic, rod-shaped, catalase-positive, oxidase-positive and pinkish beige colony-forming bacterial strain designated as BMJM1 was isolated from a marine sample collected from coastal water near Tongyeong, Republic of Korea. The results of phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences indicated that BMJM1 represents a member of the genus as it is closely related to KCTC 12794 (98.27%), DSM 24564 (97.

Identification and genomic analysis of Pseudosulfitobacter koreense sp. nov. isolated from toxin-producing dinoflagellate Alexandrium pacificum.

The bacterial strain AP-MA-4 isolated from the marine dinoflagellate Alexandrium pacificum (KCTC AG60911), was subjected to a taxonomic analysis. Cells of strain AP-MA-4 were Gram-stain-negative, aerobic, rod-shaped, optimum growth at 20 °C, pH 7.0, in the presence of 5% (w/v) NaCl.

Bloom development of toxic dinoflagellate Alexandrium catenella (Group I) in Jinhae-Masan Bay, Korea: Germination strategy of resting cysts in relation to temperature and salinity.

To better understand the role of resting cysts in the outbreak of paralytic shellfish poisoning and bloom dynamics in Jinhae-Masan Bay, Korea, this study investigated the germination features of ellipsoidal Alexandrium cysts isolated from sediments collected in winter and summer under different combinations of temperature and salinity. Morphology and phylogeny of germling cells revealed that the ellipsoidal Alexandrium cysts belong to Alexandrium catenella (Group I). The cysts could germinate across a wide range of temperature (5-25 °C) with germination success within 5 days, indicating that continuous seeding for the maintenance of vegetative cells in the water column may occur through the year without an endogenous clock to regulate germination timing.

sp. nov., a phycosphere bacterium isolated from .

A facultative anaerobic, Gram-negative, non-motile, rod-shaped bacterial strain, designated N5, was obtained from the phycosphere microbiota of the marine planktonic dinoflagellate, . Strain N5 showed growth on marine agar at 25 °C, pH 7 and 1 % (w/v) NaCl and produced a yellow colour. According to a phylogenetic study based on 16S rRNA gene sequences, strain N5 has a lineage within the genus .

Isolation, Characterization and Whole-Genome Analysis of sp.nov. from Korean Soil.

The genus contains a variety of biologically active compounds that have potential applications in a range of fields, including medicine, agriculture, and livestock, playing an important role in the health and economy of society. Our study focused on the bacterium SS4 (KCTC 43402 = GDMCC 1.3498), which was characterized using a polyphasic taxonomic approach.

Three marine species of the genus Fulvivirga, rich sources of carbohydrate-active enzymes degrading alginate, chitin, laminarin, starch, and xylan.

Bacteroidota is a group of marine polysaccharide degraders, which play a crucial role in the carbon cycle in the marine ecosystems. In this study, three novel gliding strains, designated as SS9-22, W9P-11, and SW1-E11, isolated from algae and decaying wood were proposed to represent three novel species of the genus Fulvivirga. We identified a large number of genes encoding for carbohydrate-active enzymes, which potentially participate in polysaccharide degradation, based on whole genome sequencing.