SIRT7 Promotes Alcohol Associated Liver Injury via Modulating Myeloid Cell CCL2 Secretion through NF-κB Signaling Pathway.

The pathogenesis of Alcohol-associated liver disease (ALD) is complex, involving ethanol-induced enhancement of gut permeability results in the release of bacterial products from the intestine. This triggers intrahepatic inflammation and liver damage, with hepatic macrophages playing key roles in the inflammatory response to alcohol. SIRT7 a NAD-dependent type III histone deacetylase, is being recognized as a potential therapeutic target in various human diseases including cancer.

SIRT7 stabilizes β-catenin and promotes canonical Wnt activation via upregulating FZD7.

Aims: The dysregulated Wnt/β-Catenin signaling pathway leads to occurrence of various diseases, and abnormal activation of β-Catenin is a major characteristic of human HCC. FZD7 is a positive regulator of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway, and its upregulation is related to increase of β-catenin expression and carcinogenesis in human HCC. However, mechanisms underlying FZD7 upregulation in HCC remain elusive.

Dramatic Enhancement Enabled by Introducing TiN into Bread-like Porous Si-Carbon Anodes for High-Performance and Safe Lithium Storage.

Doping modifications and surface coatings are effective methods to slow volume dilatation and boost the conductivity in silicon (Si) anodes for lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). Herein, using low-cost ferrosilicon from industrial production as the energy storage material, a bread-like nitrogen-doped carbon shell-coated porous Si embedded with the titanium nitride (TiN) nanoparticle composite (PSi/TiN@NC) was synthesized by simple ball milling, etching, and self-assembly growth processes. Remarkably, the porous Si structure formed by etching the FeSi phase in ferrosilicon alloys can provide buffer space for significant volume expansion during lithiation.

SIRT7 protects against liver fibrosis by suppressing stellate cell activation via TGF-β/SMAD2/3 pathway.

Background: SIRT7 is a class III HDACs deacetylase which plays critical roles in various biological processes. Aberrant SIRT7 expression is associated with tumorigenesis and disease progression while role of SIRT7 in hepatic fibrosis remain elusive.

Methods: SIRT7 expression was examined in fibrotic liver sample via WB and IHC.

VT-3DCapsNet: Visual tempos 3D-Capsule network for video-based facial expression recognition.

Facial expression recognition(FER) is a hot topic in computer vision, especially as deep learning based methods are gaining traction in this field. However, traditional convolutional neural networks (CNN) ignore the relative position relationship of key facial features (mouth, eyebrows, eyes, etc.) due to changes of facial expressions in real-world environments such as rotation, displacement or partial occlusion.

Autophagy in hematopoietic stem cell development of the embryo.

Hematopoietic stem cells (HSC) emerge from hemogenic endothelial cells (HEC) in the aorta-gonad-mesonephros (AGM) region of embryos, which go through the pre-HSC process. Various intrinsic and extrinsic factors are involved in this process. We recently discovered that the existence of distinct macroautophagic/autophagic statuses in hematopoietic precursors is related to the hematopoietic potential of pre-HSCs and the depletion of the (autophagy related 5) gene specifically in endothelial cells impaired in the transition of endothelial to pre-HSCs, by hampering the autophagic process, likely via the NCL (nucleolin) pathway.

A subset of megakaryocytes regulates development of hematopoietic stem cell precursors.

Understanding the regulatory mechanisms facilitating hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) specification during embryogenesis is important for the generation of HSCs in vitro. Megakaryocyte emerged from the yolk sac and produce platelets, which are involved in multiple biological processes, such as preventing hemorrhage. However, whether megakaryocytes regulate HSC development in the embryonic aorta-gonad-mesonephros (AGM) region is unclear.

Autophagy regulates the maturation of hematopoietic precursors in the embryo.

An understanding of the mechanisms regulating embryonic hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) development would facilitate their regeneration. The aorta-gonad-mesonephros region is the site for HSC production from hemogenic endothelial cells (HEC). While several distinct regulators are involved in this process, it is not yet known whether macroautophagy (autophagy) plays a role in hematopoiesis in the pre-liver stage.

TRIM21 is critical in regulating hepatocellular carcinoma growth and response to therapy by altering the MST1/YAP pathway.

Liver cancer is the sixth most common cancer and the third leading cause of cancer-related death globally. Despite efforts being made in last two decades in cancer diagnosis and treatment, the 5-year survival rate of liver cancer remains extremely low. TRIM21 participates in cancer metabolism, glycolysis, immunity, chemosensitivity and metastasis by targeting various substrates for ubiquitination.

A multi-objective optimization evaluation model for seismic performance of slopes reinforced by pile-anchor system.

The significance means of the seismic reinforcement effect of a pile-anchor system for slope reinforcement has been widely recognized. However, cases of deformation failure and instability sliding of the pile-anchor system itself and the reinforced slope under seismic action continue to be recorded. Therefore, it is crucial to evaluate the seismic performance of slopes reinforced by a pile-anchor system to prevent the system's failure.

Identification of a novel FOXO3 agonist that protects against alcohol induced liver injury.

Alcohol-related liver disease (ALD) is a global healthcare concern which caused by excessive alcohol consumption with limited treatment options. The pathogenesis of ALD is complex and involves in hepatocyte damage, hepatic inflammation, increased gut permeability and microbiome dysbiosis. FOXO3 is a well-recognized transcription factor which associated with longevity via promoting antioxidant stress response, preventing senescence and cell death, and inhibiting inflammation.

SIRT7 promotes Hippo/YAP activation and cancer cell proliferation in hepatocellular carcinoma via suppressing MST1.

Abnormal activation of the oncogene YAP in the Hippo pathway is a major feature in liver cancer and inactivation of MST1/2 has been shown to be responsible for the overactivation of YAP that led to tumorigenesis. However, mechanisms underlying MST1/2 dysregulation remain poorly understood. RNA-seq analysis and genome (KEGG) pathway enrichment analysis were used to identify genes and pathways that were regulated by SIRT7.

Dual immobilization of porous Si by graphene supported anatase TiO/carbon for high-performance and safe lithium storage.

Smart surface coatings have been proven to be an effective strategy to significantly enhance the electronic conductivity and cycling stability of silicon-based anode materials. However, the single/conventional coatings face critical challenges, including low initial Coulomb efficiency (ICE), poor cyclability, and kinetics failure, etc. Hence, we proposed a dual immobilization strategy to synthesize graphene supported anatase TiO/carbon-coated porous silicon composite (denoted as PSi@TiO@C/Graphene) using industrial-grade ferrosilicon as lithium storage raw materials through the simple etching, combined with sol-gel and hydrothermal coating processes.

Ultrathin Van der Waals Lanthanum Oxychloride Dielectric for 2D Field-Effect Transistors.

Downsizing silicon-based transistors can result in lower power consumption, faster speeds, and greater computational capacity, although it is accompanied by the appearance of short-channel effects. The integration of high-mobility 2D semiconductor channels with ultrathin high dielectric constant (high-κ) dielectric in transistors is expected to suppress the effect. Nevertheless, the absence of a high-κ dielectric layer featuring an atomically smooth surface devoid of dangling bonds poses a significant obstacle in the advancement of 2D electronics.

WGX50 mitigates doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity through inhibition of mitochondrial ROS and ferroptosis.

Background: Doxorubicin (DOX)-induced cardiotoxicity (DIC) is a major impediment to its clinical application. It is indispensable to explore alternative treatment molecules or drugs for mitigating DIC. WGX50, an organic extract derived from Zanthoxylum bungeanum Maxim, has anti-inflammatory and antioxidant biological activity, however, its function and mechanism in DIC remain unclear.

[Relationship of the kallistatin gene expression with male spermatogenic dysfunction and its possible mechanism].

Objective: To explore the role of the kallistatin gene in male spermatogenesis and its possible mechanism, and provide some new ideas for the clinical treatment of spermatogenic dysfunction.

Methods: We collected semen samples from the patients with oligospermia (OS) or non-obstructive azoospermia (NOAS) as well as testis tissue from testicular puncture. We detected the differential expression of kallistatin in the seminal plasma and the mRNA and protein expression levels of kallistatin, KLK1, B2R, Bcl-2, casepase-3, Bax and other molecules in the testis tissue, assessed the testicular spermatogenic function using Johnsen's scores, examined the interstitial fibrosis in the testis by Masson and Sirius staining, and analyzed the correlation of the expression level of kallistatin with spermatogenesis, apoptosis and fibrosis.

Long-Range Uniform SiCO Beaded Carbon Fibers for Efficient Microwave Absorption.

SiCO beaded carbon fibers were successfully fabricated for the first time using a facile and stable electrospinning and temperature process. The resulting fibers showcase a unique micro-nanocomposite structure, in which β-SiC beads with a silica-enriched surface are strung together with defect carbon fibers, as confirmed by XRD, XPS, and HRTEM investigation. The SiCO beaded carbon fibers display efficient microwave absorption performance, with a minimum reflection loss of -58.

2D Ruddlesden-Popper Polycrystalline PerovskitePyro-Phototronic Photodetectors.

Two-dimensional (2D) Ruddlesden-Popper (RP) layered halide perovskite has attracted wide attentions due to its unique structure and excellent optoelectronic properties. With inserting organic cations, inorganic octahedrons are forced to extend in a certain direction, resulting in an asymmetric 2D perovskite crystal structure and causing spontaneous polarization. The pyroelectric effect resulted from spontaneous polarization exhibits a broad prospect in the application of optoelectronic devices.

SLC3A2 promotes tumor-associated macrophage polarization through metabolic reprogramming in lung cancer.

Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) are one of the most abundant immunosuppressive cells in the tumor microenvironment and possess crucial functions in facilitating tumor progression. Emerging evidence indicates that altered metabolic properties in cancer cells support the tumorigenic functions of TAMs. However, the mechanisms and mediators the underly the cross-talk between cancer cells and TAMs remain largely unknown.

Sorafenib/2800Z Co-Loaded into Cholesterol and PEG Grafted Polylysine NPs for Liver Cancer Treatment.

The treatment of liver cancer remains challenging due to the low responsiveness of advanced cancer to therapeutic options. Sorafenib is the first line chemotherapeutic drug for advanced liver cancer but is frequently associated with severe side effects lead to discontinuation of chemotherapy. We previously developed a specific SIRT7 inhibitor 2800Z, which suppressed tumor growth and enhanced the chemosensitivity of sorafenib.

Genetic basis of the early heading of high-latitude weedy rice.

rice ( L.) is an important staple food in high-latitude regions and is widely distributed in northern China, Japan, Korea, and Europe. However, the genetic diversity of rice is relatively narrow and poorly adapted.

Hepatic ROS Mediated Macrophage Activation Is Responsible for Irinotecan Induced Liver Injury.

Irinotecan is the first line chemotherapy drug used for treatment of metastatic colorectal cancer worldwide. There is increasing evidence suggesting that liver damage, including steatosis and steatohepatitis, can be caused during the treatment involving irinotecan. However, molecular mechanisms by which irinotecan-induced liver injury remain elusive.

Analysis of the Electricity Consumption in Municipal Wastewater Treatment Plants in Northeast China in Terms of Wastewater Characteristics.

A municipal wastewater treatment plant plays an important role in treating urban sewage and reducing the quantity of pollutants discharged into rivers. However, the energy consumption of the municipal wastewater treatment industry is large. High energy consumption indirectly produces ecological damage, accelerates the energy crisis, and increases carbon emissions.

Regain flood adaptation in rice through a 14-3-3 protein OsGF14h.

Contemporary climatic stress seriously affects rice production. Unfortunately, long-term domestication and improvement modified the phytohormones network to achieve the production needs of cultivated rice, thus leading to a decrease in adaptation. Here, we identify a 14-3-3 protein-coding gene OsGF14h in weedy rice that confers anaerobic germination and anaerobic seedling development tolerance.

Approaching the Intrinsic Threshold Breakdown Voltage and Ultrahigh Gain in a Graphite/InSe Schottky Photodetector.

Realizing both ultralow breakdown voltage and ultrahigh gain is one of the major challenges in the development of high-performance avalanche photodetector. Here, it is reported that an ultrahigh avalanche gain of 3 × 10 can be realized in the graphite/InSe Schottky photodetector at a breakdown voltage down to 5.5 V.