[Evaluating the impact of human papilloma virus infection on prognosis of juvenile laryngeal papilloma].

Objective: To evaluate the relationship between human papilloma virus (HPV) and pathological characteristics of juvenile laryngeal papillomas (JLP).

Method: Using polymerase chain reaction protocol, we analyzed paraffin embedded tissue in 25 cases of juvenile laryngeal papilloma and determined the HPV type.

Result: A total HPV infection positive rate was 96%, and HPV11 positive rate was 56%, HPV6 positive rate was 40%.

Gain and loss of channel function by alanine substitutions in the transmembrane segments of the rat ATP-gated P2X2 receptor.

ATP opens ionotropic P2X channels through a process that is poorly understood. We made an array of mutant rat P2X2 channels containing unique alanine substitutions in the transmembrane segments with the goal of identifying possible secondary structure and mapping gating domains in the pore. Alteration of channel function was measured as a change in ATP potency, 2'-3'-O-(4-benzoylbenzoyl)ATP (BzATP) efficacy, and deactivation kinetics.

Synthesis and optical properties of nanorattles and multiple-walled nanoshells/nanotubes made of metal alloys.

The galvanic replacement reaction between silver and chloroauric acid has been exploited as a powerful means for preparing metal nanostructures with hollow interiors. Here, the utility of this approach is further extended to produce complex core/shell nanostructures made of metals by combining the replacement reaction with electroless deposition of silver. We have fabricated nanorattles consisting of Au/Ag alloy cores and Au/Ag alloy shells by starting with Au/Ag alloy colloids as the initial template.

Anomalous propagation loss in photonic crystal waveguides.

Propagation loss can occur in photonic crystal waveguides without complete optical confinement. We employ a highly efficient transfer-matrix method which allows for accurate and reliable extraction of the propagation loss even at an extremely low level. The results for a two-dimensional photonic crystal waveguide shows that the loss exponentially decays via the waveguide wall thickness.

[Change of eustachian tube surfactant of guinea pigs suffering from secretory otitis media].

Objective: To observe the change of surface active agents of eustachian tube of guinea pigs suffering from secretory otitis media, to explore the effects of surface active agents on secretory otitis media.

Methods: To establish the animal model of guinea pigs suffering from secretory otitis media. To analyse the changes of biochemical component and activity of eustachian tube's surfactant, meanwhile; to observe surfactant change after ectogenic surfactant treatment.

Photonic band structures solved by a plane-wave-based transfer-matrix method.

Transfer-matrix methods adopting a plane-wave basis have been routinely used to calculate the scattering of electromagnetic waves by general multilayer gratings and photonic crystal slabs. In this paper we show that this technique, when combined with Bloch's theorem, can be extended to solve the photonic band structure for 2D and 3D photonic crystal structures. Three different eigensolution schemes to solve the traditional band diagrams along high-symmetry lines in the first Brillouin zone of the crystal are discussed.

[Otorhinolaryngological neurofibromatosis].

Objective: To investigate the growth characteristic, clinical manifestation, diagnosis and treatment of neurofibromatosis (NF) in otorhinolaryngology.

Methods: Eleven cases of NF from 1989 to 2000 were analyzed retrospectively, among which, there were 5 and 2 cases occurring in nasal cavity and parapharynx (NF I), respectively, and 4 bilateral acoustic neuromas (NF II).

Results: NF I and NF II had long courses of 2-30 years, with common clinical features and unique characteristics.