Associations between major depressive disorders and Parkinson's Disease and impact of their comorbidity sequence.

Background: The comorbidity of major depressive disorder (MDD) and Parkinson's disease (PD) were prevalent and has a profound impact on patients. However, whether this comorbidity results from specific pathological processes or a mutual cause-and-effect relationship was largely controversial. Additionally, although MDD can appear before or after PD, the health impact of the comorbidity sequence is poorly understood.

FlowHON: Representing Flow Fields Using Higher-Order Networks.

Flow fields are often partitioned into data blocks for massively parallel computation and analysis based on blockwise relationships. However, most of the previous techniques only consider the first-order dependencies among blocks, which is insufficient in describing complex flow patterns. In this work, we present FlowHON, an approach to construct higher-order networks (HONs) from flow fields.

Deep learning models in classifying primary bone tumors and bone infections based on radiographs.

Primary bone tumors (PBTs) present significant diagnostic challenges due to their heterogeneous nature and similarities with bone infections. This study aimed to develop an ensemble deep learning framework that integrates multicenter radiographs and extensive clinical features to accurately differentiate between PBTs and bone infections. We compared the performance of the ensemble model with four imaging models based solely on radiographs utilizing EfficientNet B3, EfficientNet B4, Vision Transformer, and Swin Transformers.

Protein Secretion From Liver Ex Vivo Reveals Regulation of Hepatokines by Sex and Circadian Rhythm.

Despite the importance of liver secreted proteins in health and disease, an understanding of their regulation by biological variables such as sex and circadian time is lacking. Here, we validated a well-maintained, dynamic, and unbiased ex vivo assay of liver protein secretion, revealing novel findings. Proteomic analyses uncovered hundreds of sex-dependent hepatokines involved in lipid metabolism, sulfation, and serine protease inhibition, as well as time-dependent hepatokines.

RFWD3 Reprograms Nucleotide Metabolism Through PHGDH to Induce Chemoresistance In Osteosarcoma.

Chemoresistance represents a major challenge for osteosarcoma treatment. Despite the improved knowledge of cancer biology, the core determinants of cisplatin (DDP) resistance in osteosarcoma remain unclear and deserve further exploration. Here, RFWD3 is identified as a key regulator of DDP sensitivity in osteosarcoma using a genome-wide CRISPR screen.

Deciphering the role of liquid-liquid phase separation in sarcoma: Implications for pathogenesis and treatment.

Liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS) is a significant reversible and dynamic process in organisms. Cells form droplets that are distinct from membrane-bound cell organelles by phase separation to keep biochemical processes in order. Nevertheless, the pathological state of LLPS contributes to the progression of a variety of tumor-related pathogenic issues.

Δ-tetrahydrocannabinol induces blood-brain barrier disruption: Involving the activation of CB1R and oxidative stress.

Cannabis abuse has increased with the continuous relaxation of cannabis policies. However, the mechanism by which Δ-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) negatively affects the central nervous system, especially the blood-brain barrier (BBB), remains unclear. THC exposure models were established in vivo and in vitro.

Survival machine learning model of T1 colorectal postoperative recurrence after endoscopic resection and surgical operation: a retrospective cohort study.

Objective: To construct a postoperative recurrence prediction model for patients with T1 colorectal cancer after endoscopic resection and surgical operation via survival machine learning algorithms.

Methods: Based on two tertiary-level affiliated hospitals, case data of 580 patients with T1 colorectal cancer treated by endoscopic resection and surgery were obtained, and patients' personal information, treatment modalities, and pathology-related information were extracted. After Boruta's algorithmic feature selection, predictors with significant contributions were identified.

A murine model of aortic regurgitation generated by trans-apical wire destruction of the aortic valve.

Background: The mechanisms underlying cardiac remodeling in aortic valvular (AoV) disease remain poorly understood, partially due to the insufficiency of appropriate preclinical animal models. Here, we present a novel murine model of aortic regurgitation (AR) generated by trans-apical wire destruction of the AoV.

Methods: Directed by echocardiography, apical puncture of the left ventricle (LV) was performed in adult male C57BL/6 mice, and a metal guidewire was used to induce AoV destruction.

GDH1-dependent α-ketoglutarate promotes HBV transcription by modulating histone methylations on the cccDNA minichromosome.

Background: Hepatitis B virus (HBV) hijacks host cell metabolism, especially host glutamine metabolism, to support its replication. Glutamate dehydrogenase 1 (GDH1), a mitochondrial enzyme crucial for glutamine metabolism, can interact with histone demethylases to regulate gene expression through histone methylation. However, the mechanisms underlying GDH1-mediated glutamine metabolism reprogramming and the roles of key metabolites during HBV infection remain unclear.

Generation of leaky mode resonance and lossy mode resonance with the same optical platform.

Leaky mode resonance (LMR) and lossy mode resonance (LMR) refer to two different surface waves but are easily confused. Herein, we comprehensively investigated the excitation mechanism and sensing performance of both LMR and LMR with the same prism-film-surrounding platform based on the rigorous transfer matrix method. Both non-absorbing film waveguides, absorbing film waveguides, and gold-cladding film waveguides were analyzed.

Relationship Between the Host Plant Range of Insects and Symbiont Bacteria.

The evolution of phytophagous insects has resulted in the development of feeding specializations that are unique to this group. The majority of current research on insect palatability has concentrated on aspects of ecology and biology, with relatively little attention paid to the role of insect gut symbiotic bacteria. Symbiont bacteria have a close relationship with their insect hosts and perform a range of functions.

Frequent Shifts During Chronic Jet Lag Uncouple Liver Rhythms From the Light Cycle in Male Mice.

Circadian disruption is pervasive in modern society and associated with increased risk of disease. Chronic jet lag paradigms are popular experimental tools aiming to emulate human circadian disruption experienced during rotating and night shift work. Chronic jet lag induces metabolic phenotypes tied to liver and systemic functions, yet lack of a clear definition for how rhythmic physiology is impaired under these conditions hinders the ability to identify the underlying molecular mechanisms.

LncRNA PVT1 Promotes Intracranial Aneurysm Development via USP10/KLF4/NLRP3 Axis-Mediated Pyroptosis in Human Cerebral Smooth Muscle Cells.

Our previous research identified that lncRNA PVT1 is upregulated in patients with IA. However, the precise functions of PVT1 in IA remain unclear. We compared the levels of PVT1, caspase-3, caspase-1, and NLRP3 in normal and IA patients.

Assembly of a biomimetic copper-based nanocomplex for alleviating hypoxia to enhance cuproptosis against osteosarcoma and lung metastasis.

Osteosarcoma tissues demonstrated elevated expression of proteins (FDX1 and DLAT) integral to cuproptosis in our preliminary study, indicating the potential effectiveness of anti-tumor strategies predicated on this process. Nevertheless, the overexpression of copper export proteins and the challenge of copper ion penetration may contribute to insufficient local copper ion concentration for inducing cuproptosis. Herein, we engineered a biomimetic copper-elesclomol-polyphenol network for the efficient delivery of copper ions and the copper ionophore elesclomol.

Cold temperature delays ovarian development of largemouth bass by inhibiting sex hormone release, angiogenesis, apoptosis and autophagy during out-of-season reproduction.

Cold temperature is an effective method of achieving out-of-season reproduction and obtaining fry in the autumn. This study investigated the effects of low-temperature (12-16 °C) environment on the out-of-season reproduction of largemouth bass, particularly the delayed effects on ovarian development. During the period of delayed out-of-season reproduction, there was a significant reduction in the levels of serum sex hormones (FSH and LH) and their respective receptors (FSHR and LHCGR).

PRR14 mediates mechanotransduction and regulates myofiber identity via MEF2C in skeletal muscle.

Skeletal muscle is a crucial tissue for physical activity and energy metabolism. Muscle atrophy, characterized by the loss of muscle mass and strength, contributes to adverse outcomes among individuals. This study elucidated the involvement of the nuclear lamina component PRR14 in transmitting mechanical signals and mediating the impact of exercise on skeletal muscle.

Mechanisms underlying the effects of cyanogenesis on development and reproduction of Tetranychus urticae: Insights from enzyme activity and gene expression aspects.

Cyanogenic plants can release toxic hydrogen cyanide (HCN) to defend against herbivory by hydrolyzing the cyanogenic glycosides (CNGs) with its β-glucosidases (β-GLUs). Numerous studies have speculated this CNG-mediated toxicity by a plant-pest interaction manner. However, the specific toxic effect of HCN was not well-demonstrated because of the interference of other ingested metabolites.

Efficacy analysis of electroacupuncture plus TDP in the treatment of peripheral facial paralysis: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objective: This study intends to carry out a systematic review and meta-analysis of electroacupuncture combined with TDP in the treatment of peripheral facial paralysis.

Methods: CNKI, VIP, Wanfang, PubMed, Embase and Cochrane databases were searched for literatures on randomized or quasi-randomized controlled trials of electroacupuncture combined with TDP in the treatment of peripheral facial paralysis, and the references of the included studies were searched. Meta-analysis was performed using Stata15.

Multiomics identification of programmed cell death-related characteristics for nonobstructive azoospermia based on a 675-combination machine learning computational framework.

Background: Abnormal programmed cell death (PCD) plays a central role in spermatogenic dysfunction. However, the molecular mechanisms and biomarkers of PCD in patients with nonobstructive azoospermia (NOA) remain unclear.

Methods: The genetic conditions of NOA patients were analysed using bulk transcriptomic, single-cell transcriptomic, single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP), and clinical data from multiple centres.

A liver CT based nomogram to preoperatively predict lung metastasis secondary to hepatic alveolar echinococcosis.

Purpose: To develop a nomogram based on liver CT and clinical features to preoperatively predict lung metastasis (LM) secondary to hepatic alveolar echinococcosis (HAE).

Methods: A total of 291 consecutive HAE patients from Institution A undergoing preoperative abdominal contrast-enhanced CT and chest unenhanced CT were retrospectively reviewed, and were randomly divided into the training and internal validation sets at the 7:3 ratio. 82 consecutive patients from Institution B were enrolled as an external validation set.

IL-2-inducible T cell kinase deficiency sustains chimeric antigen receptor T cell therapy against tumor cells.

Despite the revolutionary achievements of chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell therapy in treating cancers, especially leukemia, several key challenges still limit its therapeutic efficacy. Of particular relevance is the relapse of cancer in large part as a result of exhaustion and short persistence of CAR-T cells in vivo. IL-2-inducible T cell kinase (ITK) is a critical modulator of the strength of T cell receptor signaling, while its role in CAR signaling is unknown.

Analysis of willingness to use health management APP for female college students: application of UTAUT model based on Fogg theory.

Introduction: As the development process of medical industry informatization has entered the stage of smart healthcare, health management applications (apps) have played an important role in improving people's health and preventing diseases, especially among female college students.

Methods: This study combines the UTAUT model and the Fogg behavioral model (FBM) as a theoretical framework to investigate the factors affecting female college students' willingness to use health management apps. A survey was conducted with 624 female college students regarding their usage of AI health management mobile applications.