Chronic toxicity of verapamil on juvenile rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss): effects on morphological indices, hematological parameters and antioxidant responses.

In this study, the toxic effects of verapamil (VRP) were studied on juvenile rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss, by chronic semi-static bioassay. Fish were exposed to sublethal concentrations of VRP (0.5, 27 and 270 μg/L) for 0, 21 and 42 d.

Syntheses, topological analyses, and NLO-active properties of new Cd(II)/M(II) (M = Ca, Sr) metal-organic frameworks based on R-isophthalic acids (R = H, OH, and t-Bu).

Solvothermal syntheses of Cd(NO(3))(2)·4H(2)O and R-isophthalic acids (R = H, OH and t-Bu) in the presence of Ca(II) or Sr(II) lead to four new three-dimensional Cd(II)/Ca(II) or Cd(II)/Sr(II) heterometallic frameworks: [CdCa(m-BDC)(2)(DMF)(2)] (1), [CdSr(2)(m-BDC)(2)(NO(3))(2)(DMF)(4)] (2), [CdCa(OH-m-BDC)(2)(H(2)O)(2)]·2Me(2)NH (3), and (Me(2)NH(2))(2)[Cd(2)Ca(Bu(t)-m-BDC)(4)] (4) (m-H(2)BDC = isophthalate, OH-m-H(2)BDC = 5-hydroxyisophthalate and Bu(t)-m-H(2)BDC = 5-butylisophthalate). All of these compounds except for 4 crystallize in acentric (or chiral) space groups and the bulk materials for 1 and 3 display strong powder SHG efficiencies, approximately 1.54 and 2.

Comparative protein profiles: potential molecular markers from spermatozoa of Acipenseriformes (Chondrostei, Pisces).

Sturgeon and paddlefish (Acipenseriformes), the source of roe consumed as caviar, are a unique and commercially valuable group of ancient fishes. In this study, comparative proteomics was used to analyze protein profiles of spermatozoa from five sturgeon species and one paddlefish: Siberian sturgeon (Acipenser baerii), sterlet (A. ruthenus), Russian sturgeon (A.

Influence of environmental related concentrations of heavy metals on motility parameters and antioxidant responses in sturgeon sperm.

The effects of heavy metals (Cd, Cr and Cd+Cr) on the motility parameters and oxidative stress of sterlet (Acipenser ruthenus) sperm were investigated in vitro. Sturgeon sperm were exposed for 2h to heavy metals at environmental related concentrations (0.1mgL(-1) Cr, 0.

Evaluating the function of calcium antagonist on the Cd-induced stress in sperm of Russian sturgeon, Acipenser gueldenstaedtii.

In the current study, the sperm of Russian sturgeon (Acipenser gueldenstaedtii) was used to evaluate the roles of Verapamil (VRP), a calcium channel blocker, against cadmium (Cd)-induced stress. Sturgeon sperm were exposed for 2h at 50μg/L VRP, 5.0μg/L Cd, the mixture of 50μg/L VRP+5.

[Feasibility of antibiotic selective inhibition method applied for measuring bacterial and fungal activities distribution in activated sludge].

The study evaluated the selective inhibition method for measuring the fungal and bacterial distribution in the activated sludge, using glucose as sole carbon source, and cycloheximide and streptomycin as bactericide and fungicide, respectively, substrate-induced oxygen uptake rate (OUR) as bioactivity index. Three samples were examined, i.e.

Percoll gradient separation of cryopreserved common carp spermatozoa to obtain a fraction with higher motility, velocity and membrane integrity.

We attempted to select a fraction of common carp, Cyprinus carpio spermatozoa that best survived a conventional freeze/thaw procedure, by centrifugation of frozen/thawed sperm through a Percoll gradient (45% and 90%). The proportion of motile spermatozoa (65.81 ± 5.

Evaluating the impacts of osmotic and oxidative stress on common carp (Cyprinus carpio, L.) sperm caused by cryopreservation techniques.

Cryopreservation causes osmotic changes and oxidative damage that have sublethal and lethal effects on spermatozoa. We examined these osmotic and oxidative effects on common carp spermatozoa motility; membrane integrity; levels of thiobarbituric-acid-reactive substance (TBARS) and carbonyl groups (CP); and the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione reductase, and glutathione peroxidase (GPx). Sperm was diluted in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) and ethylene glycol-based extenders, followed by equilibration, freezing, and thawing.

Biochemical and physiological responses in liver and muscle of rainbow trout after long-term exposure to propiconazole.

In this study, the chronic toxic effects of PCZ, a triazole fungicide commonly present in surface and ground water, on morphological indices, ROS generation and RNA/DNA ratio in liver and white muscle of rainbow trout were investigated. Fish were exposed at sublethal concentrations of PCZ (0.2, 50 and 500 microg L(-1)) for 7, 20 and 30d.

Ecotoxocological effects of short-term exposure to a human pharmaceutical Verapamil in juvenile rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss).

Verapamil (VRP) is a calcium channel blocker that is a highly prescribed compound and commonly present in aquatic environment, but the ecotoxicological effects of this pharmaceutical in fish have not been fully documented. In this study, the toxic effects of VRP were studied in juvenile rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss, by acute static bioassay. In the acute test, the median lethal concentration (LC50, 2.

Modulation of glutathione-related antioxidant defense system of fish chronically treated by the fungicide propiconazole.

Recently, residual fungicides are generally recognized as relevant sources of aquatic environmental pollutants. However, the toxicological effects of these contaminants have not been adequately researched. In this study, the chronic effect of PCZ, a triazole-containing fungicide commonly present in aquatic environment, on GSH-related antioxidant system and oxidative stress indices of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) were investigated.

Hepatitis C virus core protein induces malignant transformation of biliary epithelial cells by activating nuclear factor-kappaB pathway.

Unlabelled: In an earlier study, we found that hepatitis C virus core protein, HCV-C, participated in the malignant transformation of HCV-C transfected normal human biliary epithelial (hBE) cells by activating telomerase. Here we further investigated the signaling of the malignant transformation.

Methods: Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), western blotting and immunoprecipitation were used to analyze the expression of HCV-C, human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT), nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kappaB) and NF-kappaB inhibitor alpha (IkappaBalpha) genes and the phosphorylation level of IkappaBalpha protein.

Effect of noncompetitive proteasome inhibition on bortezomib resistance.

Background: Bortezomib and the other proteasome inhibitors that are currently under clinical investigation bind to the catalytic sites of proteasomes and are competitive inhibitors. We hypothesized that proteasome inhibitors that act through a noncompetitive mechanism might overcome some forms of bortezomib resistance.

Methods: 5-amino-8-hydroxyquinoline (5AHQ) was identified through a screen of a 27-compound chemical library based on the quinoline pharmacophore to identify proteasome inhibitors.

Effect of human pharmaceutical Carbamazepine on the quality parameters and oxidative stress in common carp (Cyprinus carpio L.) spermatozoa.

The effects of CBZ (a human pharmaceutical commonly present in aquatic environment) on the quality parameters and oxidative stress of common carp spermatozoa were investigated in vitro. Fish spermatozoa were incubated with different concentration of CBZ (0.2, 2.

[Synthesis of colon-specific prodrug of indomethacin and its inhibitory effect on liver metastasis from colon cancer].

Objective: To develop a colon-specific prodrug of Indomethacin microbially triggered, carry out in vitro/in vivo evaluation of drug release, and appraise its inhibitory effect on liver metastasis from colon cancer.

Methods: Indomethacin prodrugs were synthesized and characterized by FTIR and NMR, and dissolution test simulating gastrointestinal tract was employed to screen the colon-specific prodrug. Then, the pharmacokinetic profile of portal vein and peripheral blood in Sprague-Dawley rats was studied.

Effects of exposure to sublethal propiconazole on the antioxidant defense system and Na+-K+-ATPase activity in brain of rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss.

Propiconazole (PCZ), a triazole fungicide, is widely present in the aquatic environment, but little is known regarding its chronic toxicity in the fish brain. This study assessed the effects of long-term exposure to PCZ on the antioxidant defense system and Na(+)-K(+)-ATPase activity of rainbow trout brain. Fish were exposed to sublethal concentrations of PCZ (0.

[Densification of autotrophic bacteria sludge and its characteristics for wastewater treatment].

Autotrophic granular sludge was developed in an SBR reactor using inorganic carbonal substrate. The variation of ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB) and nitrite-oxidizing bacteria (NOB) during the densification process and their effects on granulation have been evaluated. It was found that the autotrophic bacteria granular sludge was compact with the density reached up to 1.

Preparation and antitumor effects of nanovaccines with MAGE-3 peptides in transplanted gastric cancer in mice.

Background And Objective: As a prospective vaccine carrier, nanoparticles can protect antigens from degradation and enhance immune response. This study prepared nanovaccines with MAGE-3-derived CD4+-CD8+T cell epitope peptides, and investigated its character and antitumor effects on transplanted gastric cancer in mice.

Methods: We adopted the self-assembly method to prepare peptide/chitosan conjugated with deoxycholic acid (chitosan-deoxycholic acid) nanoparticles.

[Expression of helicobacter pylori alpA gene in lactococcus lactis and its immunogenicity analysis].

Aim: To express Helicobacter pylori (Hp) alpA gene in a live delivery vehicle of lactococcus lactis (L. lactis) and assay the efficacy of the L. lactis-alpA oral vaccine in recipient mice.

Effects of exposure to sublethal propiconazole on intestine-related biochemical responses in rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss.

The effect of long-term (30 days) exposure to PCZ (0.2, 50, and 500 microg l(-1)) on intestine-related biochemical markers in rainbow trout was investigated. Multiple biomarkers were measured, including digestive enzymes (proteolytic enzymes and amylase), antioxidant responses (TBARS, CP, SOD, CAT, GR and GPx) and energy metabolic parameters (RNA/DNA ratio, Na(+)-K(+)-ATPase).

Enzymatic alterations and RNA/DNA ratio in intestine of rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss, induced by chronic exposure to carbamazepine.

We investigated the effect of long-term exposure to carbamazepine (CBZ) on the enzymatic alterations and RNA/DNA ratio in intestine tissue of rainbow trout. Fish were exposed to sublethal concentrations of CBZ (1.0 microg/l, 0.

[Surgical treatment for hilar cholangiocarcinoma of Bismuth-Corlette type IV].

Objective: To investigate the surgical treatment for hilar cholangiocarcinoma(HCCA) of Bismuth-Corlette type IV.

Methods: The clinical data of 73 HCCA patients admitted in Southwest Hospital, the Third Military Medical University from January 2002 to December 2008 were analyzed retrospectively. There were 41 males and 32 females, aged from 30 to 84 years old (averaged, 56.

Responses of antioxidant status and Na+-K+-ATPase activity in gill of rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss, chronically treated with carbamazepine.

In recent years, chemical pollution by the residual pharmaceuticals has been increasingly important issue due to its widely present in the aquatic environment. However, the toxicological effects of residual pharmaceuticals on fish have not been adequately researched. The aim of this work is to investigate the toxic effect of CBZ, an anticonvulsant drug commonly present in aquatic environment, on antioxidant status and Na+-K+-ATPase in gill of rainbow trout exposed to sublethal CBZ (1.

Modulation of antioxidant defence system in brain of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) after chronic carbamazepine treatment.

We investigated the effect of long-term exposure to CBZ on the antioxidant system in brain tissue of rainbow trout. Fish were exposed to sublethal concentrations of CBZ (1.0 microg/L, 0.