Efficient bamboo biorefining based on liquid hot water pretreatment: Co-production of xylo-oligosaccharides and lignin-containing cellulose nanofiber films.

Liquid hot water (LHW) pretreatment is an environmentally friendly that uses hot water under certain pressure to break down biomass in the absence of chemicals. In this paper, bamboo was used as the substrate to prepare the lignin-containing cellulose nanofibers (LCNFs) and xylo-oligosaccharides (XOS) using LHW strategy. The results showed that a total xylose yield of 63.

Activating La-O-Ni Bridge in Ordered Macroporous Interface for Electrochemical Urea Wastewater Purification.

Electrochemical treatment of urea wastewater purification significantly aids in environmental protection, but it remains a considerable challenge in designing high performance anode urea oxidation electrocatalysts. Herein, we report a La-induced three-dimensional ordered macroporous (3DOM) NiO heterostructure to improve Ni sites electron density for urea electrooxidation by activating the La-O-Ni bridge. This material demonstrated exceptional performance in a membrane electrode assembly (MEA) device, characterized by a low cell voltage (1.

Cellulose/sodium alginate gel electrolyte membranes with synergistic hydrogen bonding and metal ion coordination networks for high performance aqueous zinc-ion batteries.

Cellulose has outstanding potential for application in energy storage batteries due to its high temperature resistance, high electrolyte affinity, renewability, and suppression of the shuttle effect, but single cellulose membranes still suffer from problems such as inhomogeneous pore distribution and unstable three-dimensional network structure. In this study, a green and sustainable regenerative cellulose (RC)/sodium alginate (SA) gel electrolyte membrane is developed by sol-gel process, the double crosslinked network scaffold centered on Zn was constructed by the synergistic hydrogen-bonding and metal ion- coordination network, the stable and uniform pore structure was also formed. The obtained RC-SA gel electrolyte membrane exhibits outstanding performance, featuring a dual crosslinked network with abundant pore structure and numerous polar groups that effectively enhance Zn transport, significantly improving battery cycling performance.

NCOA4 linked to endothelial cell ferritinophagy and ferroptosis:a key regulator aggravate aortic endothelial inflammation and atherosclerosis.

Atherosclerosis (AS) is associated with a high incidence of cardiovascular events, yet the mechanisms underlying this association remain unclear. Our previous study found that Atherosclerotic endothelial injury is closely associated with ferroptosis in ApoE mice. Ferroptosis is a novel mode of cell death induced by decreased antioxidant capacity of the organism and accumulation of reactive oxygen species.

The co-production of xylose, fermentable glucose and β-O-4 linkage-rich lignin through efficiently dismantling sugarcane bagasse.

As an "upstream" process in biorefinery, biomass dismantling can dismantle the natural stable structure of lignocellulosic biomass and separate its three major components. To increase the value of the entire biomass by fully utilizing the three main components (cellulose, lignin, and hemicellulose), this study proposes a two-step decomposition system combining formic acid (FA) pretreatment and ethylene glycol-NaOH (EGA) dismantling, aiming to effectively convert sugarcane bagasse into xylose, fermentable glucose, and high-value lignin. In the first step, FA pretreatment removed 79.

CeO as Electron Donor in CoCeO Solid Solution Boosts Alkaline Water Splitting.

Optimizing the electronic structure with increasing intrinsic stability is a usual method to enhance the catalysts' performance. Herein, a series of cerium dioxide (CeO) based solid solution materials is synthesized via substituting Ce atoms with transition metal (Co, Cu, Ni, etc.), in which CoCeO shows optimized band structure because of electron transition in the reaction, namely Co (3d4s) + Ce (4f5d 6s) → Co (3d4s) + Ce (4f5d6s), with more stable electronic configuration.

Synthesis of aviation biofuel precursors from biomass-derived ketones: Substrate adsorption configuration-catalytic activity.

The production of aviation biofuel precursors from biomass-derived ketones by heterogeneous catalysis has been hindered by the low catalytic activity. Herein, a series of Cu-doped metal oxide catalysts were prepared for the conversion of biomass-derived ketones to aviation biofuel precursors. Solvent-free cyclopentanone conversion via aldol condensation reached 91.

Prediction of surgical benefit in gastric cancer patients with peritoneal metastasis treated with hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy.

The objective is to evaluate whether gastric cancer patients with peritoneal metastasis can benefit from surgery through a comprehensive analysis of different clinical factors and perioperative treatment methods. A total of 135 gastric cancer patients with peritoneal metastasis were treated with Hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC). Patients were divided into either training group (without surgery, n = 90) or test group (with surgery, n = 45).

Integrating conductive electrodes into hydrogel-based microfluidic chips for real-time monitoring of cell response.

The conventional real-time screening in organs-on-chips is limited to optical tracking of pre-tagged cells and biological agents. This work introduces an efficient biofabrication protocol to integrate tunable hydrogel electrodes into 3D bioprinted-on-chips. We established our method of fabricating cell-laden hydrogel-based microfluidic chips through digital light processing-based 3D bioprinting.

Insights into the pH effect on hydrogen electrocatalysis.

Hydrogen electrocatalytic reactions, including the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and the hydrogen oxidation reaction (HOR), play a crucial role in a wide range of energy conversion and storage technologies. However, the HER and HOR display anomalous non-Nernstian pH dependent kinetics, showing two to three orders of magnitude sluggish kinetics in alkaline media compared to that in acidic media. Fundamental understanding of the origins of the intrinsic pH effect has attracted substantial interest from the electrocatalysis community.

2LiBH-MgH System Catalytically Modified with a 2D TiNbO Nanoflake for High-Capacity, Fast-Response, and Long-Life Hydrogen Energy Storage.

To achieve large-scale hydrogen storage for growing high energy density and long-life demands in end application, the 2LiBH-MgH (LMBH) reactive hydride system attracts huge interest owing to its high hydrogen capacity and thermodynamically favorable reversibility. The sluggish dehydrogenation kinetics and unsatisfactory cycle life, however, remain two challenges. Herein, a bimetallic titanium-niobium oxide with a two-dimensional nanoflake structure (2D TiNbO) is selected elaborately as an active precursor that transforms into TiB and NbB with ultrafine size and good dispersion in the LMBH system as highly efficient catalysts, giving rise to excellent kinetic properties with long-term cycling stability.

Electron Manipulation and Surface Reconstruction of Bimetallic Iron-Nickel Phosphide Nanotubes for Enhanced Alkaline Water Electrolysis.

Developing high-efficiency and stable bifunctional electrocatalysts for water splitting remains a great challenge. Herein, NiMoO nanowires as sacrificial templates to synthesize Mo-doped NiFe Prussian blue analogs are employed, which can be easily phosphorized to Mo-doped FeNiP nanotubes (Mo-FeNiP NTs). This synthesis method enables the controlled etching of NiMoO nanowires that results in a unique hollow nanotube architecture.

Extract of Gualou-Xiebai Herb Pair Improves Lipid Metabolism Disorders by Enhancing the Reverse Cholesterol Transport in Atherosclerosis Mice.

Background: Gualou is derived from the fruit of Trichosanthes kirilowii Maxim, while Xiebai from the bulbs of Bunge. Gualou and Xiebai herb pair (2:1) is widely used in clinical practice to treat atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases. However, the mechanism underlying its potential activity on atherosclerosis (AS) has not been fully elucidated.

Association of birth weight with type 2 diabetes mellitus and the mediating role of fatty acids traits: a two-step mendelian randomization study.

Background: Observational studies have suggested an association between birth weight and type 2 diabetes mellitus, but the causality between them has not been established. We aimed to obtain the causal relationship between birth weight with T2DM and quantify the mediating effects of potential modifiable risk factors.

Methods: Two-step, two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) techniques were applied using SNPs as genetic instruments for exposure and mediators.

Gualou-Xiebai herb pair and its active ingredients act against atherosclerosis by suppressing VSMC-derived foam cell formation via regulating P2RY12-mediated lipophagy.

Background: Atherosclerosis (AS) is a chronic disease characterized by lipid accumulation in the aortic wall and the formation of foam cells overloaded with large lipids inclusions. Currently, Western medicine is primarily used to improve lipid metabolism disorders and reduce inflammatory reactions to delay AS progression, but these medicines come with serious side effects and drug resistance. Gualou-Xiebai (GLXB) is a renowned herb pair that has been proven effective against AS.

Current progress and future perspective of microalgae biomass pretreatment using deep eutectic solvents.

Pretreatment process is considered as the most important step for effective microalgae biomass refining and has gained more interest since last decades. However, the main obstacles to commercialize microalgae products are recalcitrant cell wall and lack of cost-effective, green, and sustainable pretreatment approaches. Till now, various microalgae pretreatment approaches have been applied prior to extraction steps to enhance the accessibility of solvent inside the cells.

Recent Advances in Understanding of the Singlet Oxygen in Energy Storage and Conversion.

Singlet oxygen (term symbol Δ, hereafter O), a reactive oxygen species, has recently attracted increasing interest in the field of rechargeable batteries and electrocatalysis and photocatalysis. These sustainable energy conversion and storage technologies are of vital significance to replace fossil fuels and promote carbon neutrality and finally tackle the energy crisis and climate change. Herein, the recent progresses of O for energy storage and conversion is summarized, including physical and chemical properties, formation mechanisms, detection technologies, side reactions in rechargeable batteries and corresponding inhibition strategies, and applications in electrocatalysis and photocatalysis.

Gualou-Xiebai herb pair ameliorate atherosclerosis in HFD-induced ApoE mice and inhibit the ox-LDL-induced injury of HUVECs by regulating the Nrf2-mediated ferroptosis.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Atherosclerosis (AS) is a chronic vascular ailment characterized by inflammatory and lipid deposition in the arterial wall caused by endothelial injury. Ferroptosis is a novel type of cell death, and endothelial ferroptosis is a significant contributor to the progression of AS. Gualou-Xiebai (GLXB) is a renowned Chinese herb pair that serves a crucial function in treating AS.

Polymeric Electronic Shielding Layer Enabling Superior Dendrite Suppression for All-Solid-State Lithium Batteries.

LiBH is one of the most promising candidates for use in all-solid-state lithium batteries. However, the main challenges of LiBH are the poor Li-ion conductivity at room temperature, excessive dendrite formation, and the narrow voltage window, which hamper practical application. Herein, we fabricate a flexible polymeric electronic shielding layer on the particle surfaces of LiBH.

Experimentally validated design principles of heteroatom-doped-graphene-supported calcium single-atom materials for non-dissociative chemisorption solid-state hydrogen storage.

Non-dissociative chemisorption solid-state storage of hydrogen molecules in host materials is promising to achieve both high hydrogen capacity and uptake rate, but there is the lack of non-dissociative hydrogen storage theories that can guide the rational design of the materials. Herein, we establish generalized design principle to design such materials via the first-principles calculations, theoretical analysis and focused experimental verifications of a series of heteroatom-doped-graphene-supported Ca single-atom carbon nanomaterials as efficient non-dissociative solid-state hydrogen storage materials. An intrinsic descriptor has been proposed to correlate the inherent properties of dopants with the hydrogen storage capability of the carbon-based host materials.

Optimization of Electrolytes with Redox Reagents to Improve the Impedimetric Signal for Use with a Low-Cost Analyzer.

The most well-known criterion for POC devices is ASSURED, and affordability, i.e., using low-cost instrumentation, is the most challenging one.

Comparative chloroplast genomics reveals the phylogeny and the adaptive evolution of Begonia in China.

Background: The Begonia species are common shade plants that are mostly found in southwest China. They have not been well studied despite their medicinal and decorative uses because gene penetration, decreased adaptability, and restricted availability are all caused by frequent interspecific hybridization.

Result: To understand the patterns of mutation in the chloroplast genomes of different species of Begonia, as well as their evolutionary relationships, we collected seven Begonia species in China and sequenced their chloroplast genomes.