Glucose Disorders in Patients With Pheochromocytoma/Paraganglioma: Profile and Influence Effects in a Large Cohort With 705 Patients.

Objective: Some patients with pheochromocytoma and paraganglioma (PPGL) suffer from glucose metabolic disorders. The aim was to investigate the relationship between glucose metabolic disorders and catecholamine levels in 705 patients with PPGL.

Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical data of 705 patients diagnosed with PPGL at Peking Union Medical College Hospital from 2018 to 2023.

Elevated 1-Hour Post Load Glucose as a Predictor for Telomere Attrition: a study based on a Chinese Community population.

Context: 1-hour post-load glucose (1h-PG) detects dysglycemia-related disorders more effectively than traditional glycemic parameters. Hyperglycemia accelerates aging, whether 1h-PG outperforms in predicting aging remains unclear.

Objective: To Compare the effectiveness of 1h-PG with other glycemic parameters in identifying and predicting telomere attrition.

Global burden of dementia in younger people: an analysis of data from the 2021 Global Burden of Disease Study.

Background: Dementia among younger people is rapidly emerging as a global health concern; however, comprehensive research on its shifting burden trends remains insufficient.

Methods: Data on the prevalence, incidence, mortality, and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) associated with dementia occurring in individuals <70 years were extracted from the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study 2021. Average annual percentage changes (AAPCs) were calculated to assess trends in age-specific rates (ASRs), including age-specific prevalence rates (ASPRs), age-specific incidence rates (ASIRs), age-specific mortality rates (ASMRs), and age-specific DALY rates (ASDRs) while young-onset dementia (YOD) burden trends were analyzed.

The negative association between sodium-driven nutrient pattern and telomere length: the chain mediating role of diastolic pressure and waist circumference.

Background: Numerous single nutrients have been suggested to be linked with leukocyte telomere length (LTL). However, data on nutrient patterns (NPs), particularly in Chinese population, are scarce. This study aimed to examine the relationship between nutrient-based dietary patterns and LTL, and the potential role of metabolic factors.

A sexually and vegetatively reproducible diploid seedless watermelon inducer via ClHAP2 mutation.

Seedless watermelon production relies on triploid cultivation or the application of plant growth regulators. However, challenges such as chromosomal imbalances in triploid varieties and concerns about food safety with growth regulator application impede progress. To tackle these challenges, we developed a sexually and vegetatively reproducible inducer line of diploid seedless watermelon by disrupting the double fertilization process.

Impact of rosuvastatin on metabolic syndrome patients with moderate to severe metabolic associated fatty liver disease without overt diabetes: A randomized clinical trial.

Objective: This investigation aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of rosuvastatin in treating moderate to severe metabolic associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD).

Methods: This prospective, open-label, randomized study included non-diabetic participants with metabolic syndrome and intrahepatocellular lipid (IHCL) levels >10 %, as determined by proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (H-MRS). The primary objective was the effect of a 52-week rosuvastatin treatment (10 mg/day) on IHCL content.

Ling-gui-zhu-gan granules reduces obesity and ameliorates metabolic disorders by inducing white adipose tissue browning in obese mice.

Background: Ling-gui-zhu-gan (LGZG) formula has been demonstrated to effectively ameliorate the clinical symptoms of patients with obesity or metabolic syndrome. This study aimed to explore both the effect and the underlying mechanisms of LGZG against obesity.

Methods: Male C57BL/6N mice were randomized into four groups (n = 8): normal control (NC), obese (OB), metformin (Met), and LGZG.

Comparative analysis of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease burden between ages 20-54 and over 55 years: insights from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019.

Background: To systematically analyze differences in atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) burden between young and older adults.

Methods: We estimated the prevalence, mortality, and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) of ASCVD, including ischemic heart disease (IHD), ischemic stroke (IS), and peripheral artery disease (PAD), in individuals aged 20-54 and > 55 years from 1990-2019, utilizing data from the 2019 Global Burden of Disease Study. The annual percentage changes (EAPCs) for age-specific prevalence, mortality, or DALY rates were calculated to quantify the temporal trends of ASCVD burden.

Ferulic Acid Inhibits Arsenic-Induced Colon Injury by Improving Intestinal Barrier Function.

The prolonged exposure to arsenic results in intestinal barrier dysfunction, which is strongly concerned with detrimental processes such as oxidative stress and the inflammatory response. Ferulic acid (FA), as a phenolic acid, possesses the capability to mitigate arsenic-induced liver damage and cardiotoxic effects dependent on inhibition of oxidative stress and inflammatory responses. FA can mitigate testicular tissue damage and alveolar epithelial dysfunction, the mechanism of which may rely on nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2/heme oxygenase 1 (Nrf2/HO-1) activation and nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) pathway blocking.

Triceps skinfold thickness trajectories and the risk of all-cause mortality: A prospective cohort study.

Background: The measurement of triceps skinfold (TSF) thickness serves as a noninvasive metric for evaluating subcutaneous fat distribution. Despite its clinical utility, the TSF thickness trajectories and their correlation with overall mortality have not been thoroughly investigated.

Aim: To explore TSF thickness trajectories of Chinese adults and to examine their associations with all-cause mortality.

Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors and the risk of infection: A systematic review and meta-analysis of cardiovascular outcome trials.

Background: Since adverse events during treatment affect adherence and subsequent glycemic control, understanding the safety profile of oral anti-diabetic drugs is imperative for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) therapy.

Aim: To evaluate the risk of infection in patients with T2DM treated with dipeptidyl-peptidase 4 (DPP-4) inhibitors.

Methods: Electronic databases were searched.

Leukocyte telomere length independently predicts hyperuricemia risk in a longitudinal study of the Chinese population.

Background And Aims: Leukocyte telomere length (LTL) has been correlated with uric acid levels, although results are inconsistent, and prospective studies are lacking. In this longitudinal, prospective cohort study, we aimed to assess whether a shorter LTL predicts the risk of hyperuricemia.

Methods And Results: We conducted a longitudinal study in a Chinese cohort of 599 participants.

Effects of online continuing medical education on perspectives of shared decision-making among Chinese endocrinologists.

Background: Shared decision-making (SDM) may influence the clinical outcomes of patients with endocrine disorders. There are few studies describing perspectives towards SDM among endocrinologists in China.

Methods: In the first stage, we conducted a national survey using an online questionnaire about SDM among endocrinologists in China.

Impact of a dual glucose-dependent insulinotropic peptide/glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist tirzepatide on heart rate among patients with type 2 diabetes: A systematic review and pairwise and network meta-analysis.

Aims: To evaluate the impact of a dual glucose-dependent insulinotropic peptide (GIP) and glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonist tirzepatide (TZP), and its potential dose-response effect, on heart rate.

Methods: Articles were searched from PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, Cochrane Library, and clinical trials registries (ClinicalTrials.gov) databases.

Tumor necrosis factor-alpha mediates the negative association between telomere length and kidney dysfunction.

The relationship between peripheral blood leukocyte telomere length (LTL) and kidney dysfunction, especially in people with hypertension, remains unclear. No clinical study has explored the role of inflammation and oxidative stress in the relationship between LTL and kidney dysfunction. Therefore, we examined the relationship between baseline LTL and albuminuria progression and/or rapid renal function decline in Chinese patients with or without hypertension and investigated whether inflammation and oxidative stress played a mediating role in this relationship.

The Dof transcription factor COG1 acts as a key regulator of plant biomass by promoting photosynthesis and starch accumulation.

Photosynthetic efficiency is the primary determinant of crop yield, including vegetative biomass and grain yield. Manipulation of key transcription factors known to directly control photosynthetic machinery can be an effective strategy to improve photosynthetic traits. In this study, we identified an Arabidopsis gain-of-function mutant, cogwheel1-3D, that shows a significantly enlarged rosette and increased biomass compared with wild-type plants.

Clopidogrel as a Distinctive Cause of Insulin Autoimmune Syndrome: A Systematic Case Review.

The sulfhydryl group of clopidogrel metabolite could induce insulin autoimmune syndrome (IAS) with hypoglycemia as the major symptom. For patients with cardiovascular disease taking clopidogrel for vascular protection, this adverse event hypoglycemia increases the risk of cardiovascular events. However, discontinuing clopidogrel leaves patients without appropriate antiplatelet therapy.

SAA1 exacerbates pancreatic β-cell dysfunction through activation of NF-κB signaling in high-fat diet-induced type 2 diabetes mice.

Insufficient decompensated insulin secretion and insulin resistance caused by pancreatic β-cell dysfunction are the pathological bases of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Glucolipotoxicity in pancreatic β-cells is an important factor leading to their dysfunction, closely related to inflammatory signals, oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, and endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERs). However, there may be other unproven regulatory mechanisms that govern pancreatic β-cell dysfunction.

Glucose-Histidine Heyns compound: Preparation, characterization and fragrance enhancement.

N-(2-Deoxy-D-glucos-2-yl)-L-histidine (Glu-His), one of Heyns rearrangement products (HRPs), was prepared by condensation, dehydration and rearrangement using l-Histidine and d-Fructose as raw materials with methanol as solvent. The response surface method (RSM) was used to improve yield of product and the optimal reaction condition was as following: the original ratio of Fru:His was 1.2:1 and the temperature and time of reaction was 73.

Clinical Features and Outcome Analysis of Type B Insulin Resistance Syndrome: A Single-Center Study in China.

Context: Type B insulin resistance syndrome (TBIRS) is a rare condition, for which effective treatment remains challenging.

Objective: This work aimed to summarize the clinical characteristics of TBIRS and explore effective therapeutic strategies.

Methods: The clinical manifestations, biochemical indices, and treatment of 8 patients (3 men and 5 women) with TBIRS from Peking Union Medical College Hospital were retrospectively analyzed and their clinical outcomes were evaluated.

Creation of a watermelon haploid inducer line via -mediated single fertilization of the central cell.

The use of doubled haploids is one of the most efficient breeding methods in modern agriculture. Irradiation of pollen grains has been shown to induce haploids in cucurbit crops, possibly because it causes preferential fertilization of the central cell over the egg cell. Disruption of the gene is known to induce single fertilization of the central cell, which can lead to the formation of haploids.

RANKL inhibition: a new target of treating diabetes mellitus?

Accumulating evidence demonstrates the link between glucose and bone metabolism. The receptor activator of nuclear factor-kB ligand (RANKL)/the receptor activator of NF-κB (RANK)/osteoprotegerin (OPG) axis is an essential signaling axis maintaining the balance between bone resorption and bone formation. In recent years, it has been found that RANKL and RANK are distributed not only in bone but also in the liver, muscle, adipose tissue, pancreas, and other tissues that may influence glucose metabolism.

Nickel-catalyzed stereoselective reductive cross-coupling of -difluoroalkenes with alkenyl electrophiles.

Herein we develop a Ni-catalyzed defluorinative cross-electrophile coupling of -difluoroalkenes with alkenyl electrophiles that allowed the generation of C(sp)-C(sp) bonds. The reaction provided various monofluoro 1,3-dienes with broad functional group compatibility and excellent stereoselectivity. Synthetic transformations and applications to the modification of complex compounds were also demonstrated.

Evaluating the Clinical Accuracy of a Non-invasive Single-Fasting-Calibration Glucometer in Patients with Diabetes: A Multicentre Study.

Introduction: The aim of this study was to evaluate the stability and accuracy of glucose measurements determined using the metabolic heat conformation (MHC)-based non-invasive glucometer in a multicentre, self-controlled clinical trial. This device is the first to obtain a medical device registration certificate awarded by the National Medical Products Administration of China (NMPA).

Methods: The multicentre clinical study was conducted at three sites and enrolled 200 subjects whose glucose was measured with a non-invasive glucometer (the Contour Plus blood glucose monitoring system) and by venous plasma glucose (VPG) measurements, in a fasted state and at 2 and 4 h after meals.

Hypoglycemia as a potential risk for patients taking clopidogrel: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Clopidogrel is a cornerstone antiplatelet drug used in cardiovascular, cerebrovascular, and peripheral artery diseases. The sulfhydryl group of clopidogrel metabolite could induce insulin autoimmune syndrome (IAS) with hypoglycemia as the major symptom. Discontinuing clopidogrel and substituting it with ticagrelor has been revealed as an effective treatment in previous studies.