Vertical structure observation from spaceborne lidar ICESat-2 in East China Sea.

Nowadays, spaceborne LiDAR technology, particularly ICESat-2, has become a transformative tool in marine environmental research. Unlike traditional passive optical remote sensing methods, ICESat-2 offers detailed vertical structure mapping of oceanic optical properties. Despite the potential of ICESat-2 for observing the optical vertical structure, its application in the East China Sea with complex hydrological conditions and dynamic ecosystems remains limited.

Efficacy of fisheries management strategies in mitigating ecological, social, and economic risks of climate warming in China.

Climate change has significantly altered fish population dynamics and marine ecosystems worldwide, resulting in multiple ecological, economic and social risks for sustainable fisheries. As a hotspot of global warming, China is anticipated to face with extensive climate-driven changes in marine fisheries and ecosystems, but a clear and adaptative management strategy has not been established. In this study, we assessed the climate adaptiveness of current fisheries management and alternative strategies with diverse management priorities.

The development research on marine ecological environment online monitoring equipment system in China.

There is an urgent need for marine ecological environment monitoring in China at present, but the traditional manual periodic sampling and testing has such disadvantages as low monitoring frequency and limited station coverage, which could not meet the requirements of large-scale real-time continuous data for current marine ecological early-warning monitoring. Therefore, constructing the multi-level, multi-system, and multi-space marine ecological environment online monitoring system could effectively develop marine ecological environment early-warning monitoring capacity. In this paper, the concept of "System of Systems" was introduced into the construction of marine ecological environment online monitoring equipment system, and the architecture of "System of Systems" of the monitoring equipment was constructed from two layers, structure layer and function layer.

Hydrological profile observation scheme based on optical fiber sensing for polar sea ice buoy monitoring.

The monitoring of hydrological elements in the polar region is the basis for the study of the dynamic environment under the ice. The traditional cross-season subglacial hydrological environment monitoring mainly relies on tether-type vertical profile measurement ice-based buoys, which have the advantages such as high reliability, high measurement accuracy, and real-time communication, while also has disadvantages of high-cost, large volume and weight, high power consumption, and complex layout. Therefore, it is urgent to develop a new type of ice-based profile buoy with low-cost, miniaturization, low power consumption, convenient deployment, and high reliability.

Rare microbial taxa as the major drivers of nutrient acquisition under moss biocrusts in karst area.

Karst rocky desertification refers to the process of land degradation caused by various factors such as climate change and human activities including deforestation and agriculture on a fragile karst substrate. Nutrient limitation is common in karst areas. Moss crust grows widely in karst areas.

Plant resistance to tomato yellow leaf curl virus is enhanced by Ba13 through modulation of RNA interference.

Introduction: Tomato yellow leaf curl virus (TYLCV), which is a typical member of the genus , causes severe crop yield losses worldwide. RNA interference (RNAi) is an important antiviral defense mechanism in plants, but whether plant beneficial microbes used as biocontrol agents would modulate RNAi in defense against TYLCV remains unclear.

Methods: Here, we employed whole-transcriptome, bisulfite, and small RNA sequencing to decipher the possible role of Ba13 as a bacterial biocontrol agent against TYLCV in RNAi modulation.

Identification and Analysis of Protein Family Associated with RNA Interference Pathway in Juglandaceae.

Background: One of the crucial processes for small RNA synthesis and plant disease resistance is RNA interference (RNAi). Dicer-like (DCL), RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RDR), double-stranded RNA binding (DRB), and Argonaute are important proteins implicated in RNAi (AGO). Numerous significant woody plants belong to the Juglandaceae; walnut is one of the four groups of woody plants on earth and one of the four groups of dried fruits.

Interaction between SlMAPK3 and SlASR4 regulates drought resistance in tomato ( L.).

Tomato is a leading vegetable in modern agriculture, and with global warming, drought has become an important factor threatening tomato production. Mitogen-activated protein kinase 3 (MAPK3) plays an important role in plant disease and stress resistance. To clarify the downstream target proteins of SlMAPK3 and the mechanism of stress resistance in tomato, this study was conducted with the -overexpressing lines OE-1 and OE-2 and the CRISPR/Cas9-mediated mutant lines and under PEG 6000-simulated drought.

Regulation of Tomato Fruit Autophagic Flux and Promotion of Fruit Ripening by the Autophagy-Related Gene .

Autophagy is a highly conserved self-degradation process that involves the degradation and recycling of cellular components and organelles. Although the involvement of autophagy in metabolic changes during fruit ripening has been preliminarily demonstrated, the variations in autophagic flux and specific functional roles in tomato fruit ripening remain to be elucidated. In this study, we analyzed the variations in autophagic flux during tomato fruit ripening.

Asymmetric syntheses of -pimarane diterpenoids.

Aromatic -pimaranes are a group of aromatized tricyclic diterpenoids that exhibit diverse bioactivities. In this work, the first total syntheses of two aromatic -pimaranes were achieved a C-ABC construction sequence enabled by chiral auxiliary controlled asymmetric radical polyene cyclization, and the subsequent substrate-controlled stereo-/regio-specific hydroboration of alkene allowed for access to both natural products with C19 oxidation modifications.

Spatiotemporal changes and influencing factors of water clarity in the Yellow Sea over the past 20 years.

Water transparency is an important parameter for describing the optical properties of water. It reflects changes in marine environment and is of great significance for guiding the development and protection of marine environment. In this study, based on the algorithm proposed by Lee et al.

A global synthesis of climate vulnerability assessments on marine fisheries: Methods, scales, and knowledge co-production.

Undertaking climate vulnerability assessments (CVAs) on marine fisheries is instrumental to the identification of regions, species, and stakeholders at risk of impacts from climate change, and the development of effective and targeted responses for fisheries adaptation. In this global literature review, we addressed three important questions to characterize fisheries CVAs: (i) what are the available approaches to develop CVAs in various social-ecological contexts, (ii) are different geographic scales and regions adequately represented, and (iii) how do diverse knowledge systems contribute to current understanding of vulnerability? As part of these general research efforts, we identified and characterized an inventory of frameworks and indicators that encompass a wide range of foci on ecological and socioeconomic dimensions of climate vulnerability on fisheries. Our analysis highlighted a large gap between countries with top research inputs and the most urgent adaptation needs.

Silencing of gene reduces resistance to tomato yellow leaf curl virus (TYLCV) in tomato ().

Double-stranded RNA-binding proteins are small molecules in the RNA interference (RNAi) pathway that form the RNAi machinery together with the Dicer-like protein (DCL) as a cofactor. This machinery cuts double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) to form multiple small interfering RNAs (siRNAs). Our goal was to clarify the function of in tomato resistant to TYLCV.

Correction: High-efficiency and high-fidelity ssDNA circularisation the pairing of five 3'-terminal bases to assist LR-LAMP for the genotyping of single-nucleotide polymorphisms.

Correction for 'High-efficiency and high-fidelity ssDNA circularisation the pairing of five 3'-terminal bases to assist LR-LAMP for the genotyping of single-nucleotide polymorphisms' by Taiwen Li , , 2022, https://doi.org/10.1039/d2an01042a.

High-efficiency and high-fidelity ssDNA circularisation the pairing of five 3'-terminal bases to assist LR-LAMP for the genotyping of single-nucleotide polymorphisms.

The poor fidelity of T4 DNA ligase has always limited the simple detection of single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and is only applicable to some special SNP types. This study developed a highly sensitive and specific detection method for SNPs based on high-fidelity single-stranded circularisation. It used T4 DNA ligase and rolling circle amplification (RCA) plus loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP).

Genome-Wide Analysis and Expression Profiling of Gene Family in Revealed Higher Expression of in Roots under Cd Stress.

Background: Tomato is an important part of daily food, rich source of multitude nutrients, suitable candidate for bio-pharmaceutical production due to berry size and has numerous health benefits. Transcriptional regulation of metalloregulatory heat shock protein-70 family plays pivotal role in plants tolerance against abiotic stress factors including salinity, heat, cold, drought and trace metal elements such as cadmium (Cd2+).

Methods: Here, we provide comprehensive report on identification of family genes in tomato () and their expression in tomato qPCR analysis under broad range of trace metal elements.

Foliar application of mepiquat chloride and nitrogen improves yield and fiber quality traits of cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.).

Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) is one of the most important cash crops primarily grown for fiber. It is a perennial crop with indeterminate growth pattern.

Protective effect of jasmonic acid and potassium against cadmium stress in peas ( L.).

A combination of mineral nutrients and plant growth regulators should be assessed to improve crop performance under various abiotic stresses. There is a need to include plant growth regulators in fertilization regime of various crops along with essential mineral nutrients, especially when they are irrigated with polluted water with higher levels of heavy metals. The performance of pea was evaluated under cadmium (Cd) stress coupled with potassium (K) and jasmonic acid (JA) supplementation.

The impact of corncob biochar and poultry litter on pepper ( L.) growth and chemical properties of a silty-clay soil.

Red pepper ( L.) is one of the most commonly cultivated vegetable in the Mediterranean region. This study evaluated the effects of biochar derived from corncob and poultry litter on growth of red pepper ( L.

Sustainable phosphorous management in two different soil series of Pakistan by evaluating dynamics of phosphatic fertilizer source.

Phosphorous (P) plays the prominent role to promote the plants storage functions and structural roles, as it is recognized as a vital component of ADP, ATP, Cell wall as well as a part of DNA. Soils acts as the sink to supply P to plants because soil pH and its physical condition are the main factor which regulate the solubility and availability P element. Phosphorus is not deficient in Pakistani soils but its availability to plants is the serious matter of concern.

The impact of different plant extracts on population suppression of Helicoverpa armigera (Hub.) and tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill) yield under field conditions.

Helicoverpa armigera (Hub.) is a destructive pest of the tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill) crop in Pakistan. Although insecticides are the primary management strategy used to control H.

Diversity of fungal pathogens associated with loquat and development of novel virulence scales.

Loquat [Eriobotrya japonica (Thunb.) Lindl.] is an important fruit crop in Pakistan; however, a constant decline in its production is noted due biotic and abiotic stresses, particularly disease infestation.

Prevalence and management of aphids (Hemiptera: Aphididae) in different wheat genotypes and their impact on yield and related traits.

Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) production is significantly altered by the infestation of sucking insects, particularly aphids. Chemical sprays are not recommended for the management of aphids as wheat grains are consumed soon after crop harvests.