Harnessing nuclear receptors to modulate hepatic stellate cell activation for liver fibrosis resolution.

With the recent approval of Resmetirom as the first drug targeting nuclear receptors for metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH), there is promising way to treat MASH-associated liver fibrosis. However, liver fibrosis can arise from various pathogenic factors, and effective treatments for fibrosis due to other causes remain elusive. The activation of hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) represents a central link in the pathogenesis of hepatic fibrosis.

Genomic, transcriptomic, and metabolomic analyses reveal convergent evolution of oxime biosynthesis in Darwin's orchid.

Angraecum sesquipedale, also known as Darwin's orchid, possesses an exceptionally long nectar spur. Charles Darwin predicted the orchid to be pollinated by a hawkmoth with a correspondingly long proboscis, later identified as Xanthopan praedicta. In this plant-pollinator interaction, the A.

Modeling monocular form deprivation in rabbits using a simulated-cataract intraocular lens.

Aim: To establish an animal model of form deprivation amblyopia based on a simulated cataract intraocular lens (IOLs).

Methods: Poly(dimethyl siloxane)-SiO thin films (PSF) with different degrees of opacity as IOL materials were prepared. The light transmission of the PSF-IOL was measured, and its biosafety was determined by cell counting kit (CCK)-8 assay using the HLEC-B3 cell line and ARPE-19 cell line.

Immune-related adverse events correlate with the clinical efficacy in advanced Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer patients treated with PD-1 inhibitors combination therapy.

Objective: The potential of immune-related adverse events (irAEs) in predicting the efficacy of PD-1 inhibitors in advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) has rarely been assessed. This study investigated the associations between irAEs and the clinical efficacy of PD-1 inhibitors combination therapy in patients with advanced NSCLC.

Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted of 73 patients with advanced NSCLC receiving PD-1 inhibitors combination therapy from January 2022 and July 2023.

Dual-Targeted Drug Delivery to Myeloid Leukemia Cells via Complement- and Transferrin-Based Protein Corona.

Although traditionally regarded as an impediment, the protein corona can facilitate the advancement of targeted drug delivery systems. This study presents an innovative approach for targeting acute myeloid leukemia (AML) using nanoparticles with agglutinated protein (NAPs). Agglutinated transferrin and C3b in NAPs selectively bind to CD71 and CD11b, receptors that are overexpressed on myeloid leukemic cells compared to nonmalignant cells.

Polar localization and local translation of RHO-RELATED PROTEIN FROM PLANTS2 mRNAs promote root hair growth in Arabidopsis.

Root hairs are tip-growing cells that anchor plants in the soil and are critical for water uptake, nutrient acquisition, and plant-environment interactions. While the molecular mechanisms that maintain the polar growth of root hairs through the asymmetric distribution of proteins, such as RHO-RELATED PROTEIN FROM PLANTS 2 (ROP2), have been described, it is unclear whether and how the transcripts encoding these tip-localized proteins are polarly localized and locally translated. Here, we demonstrated that ROP2 mRNA exhibits polar localization in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) root hairs.

Green Nanotechnology of Cell Wall Swelling for Nanostructured Transparent Wood of High Optical Performance.

Transparent wood composites provide new functionalities through active additives distributed at the nanoscale. Scalable nanotechnology includes processing where nanoparticles and molecules are brought into the dense wood cell wall. A novel cell wall swelling step through green chemistry is therefore investigated.

Distinct metabolites in atherosclerosis based on metabolomics: A systematic review and meta-analysis primarily in Chinese population.

Aims: Atherosclerosis is a life-threatening disease that develops when a plaque builds up inside an artery and progresses silently. Identifying the early pathological changes and the biomarkers of atherosclerosis deserves attention. We aimed to systematically study and integrate the various metabolites of atherosclerosis in the level of disease to provide more evidences to support early prevention and treatment of atherosclerosis.

Association between plant-based dietary patterns and cognitive function in middle-aged and older residents of China.

Background: Plant-based diets may protect against cognitive impairment; however, observational data have not been consistent.

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the association between plant-based dietary patterns and cognitive function.

Methods: The study recruited 937 participants who were asked to complete food frequency questionnaires to assess the quality of their plant-based diets using the overall plant-based diet index (PDI), the healthful PDI (hPDI), and the unhealthful PDI (uPDI).

The Effect of TiO on the Dielectric Performance of ZrO and NbO Pre-Doped CaCuTiO Ceramics.

In this work, the effects of different sintering temperatures and TiO concentrations on the dielectric properties of ZrO and NbO pre-doped CaCuTiO (CCTO) ceramics were investigated. These doped ceramics were sintered at temperatures of 1020, 1030, and 1040 °C, exhibiting the lowest dielectric loss of 0.01, which consistently remained below 0.

Quantifying the effects of far-red light on lettuce photosynthesis and growth using a 3D modelling approach.

In vertical farms, the supplementation of far-red light has been widely applied to regulate plant growth and development. However, the relative contribution of far-red to photosynthesis and plant growth in indoor production systems is not sufficiently quantified. This study quantify the photosynthesis and growth responses under different levels of supplemental far-red in lettuce using a 3D modelling approach.

Effects of trimester-specific urinary aluminum concentrations on ultrasound measures of fetal growth and size at birth: A longitudinal cohort study in Chinese women.

Objective: Aluminum (Al) has been proposed as a potential factor influencing fetal growth. However, the existing study findings are inconsistent and there is a lack of population-based epidemiological studies. Our study aimed to evaluate the trimester-specific correlations of Al exposure with fetal development characteristics.

AURKA inhibits the decidualization of the eutopic endometrium in endometriosis through NF-κB p65†.

Endometriosis is an estrogen dependent disease, which is related to infertility. Decidualization is a prerequisite for successful implantation of human embryos, and endometriosis affects the occurrence of decidualization. However, the mechanism that affects decidualization in endometriosis is not fully understood.

FHL1 Inhibition by Mir-1301-3p Promotes Uterine Corpus Endometrial Carcinoma Cell Proliferation and Migration: A Prognostic Insight.

Background: The impact of microRNA-1301-3p (miR-1301-3p) on various cancer subtypes is noteworthy. However, its specific role within the framework of uterine corpus endometrial carcinoma (UCEC) is yet to be clearly defined.

Objective: The objective of this research was to investigate and clarify the function of miR-1301-3p in relation to UCEC.

Longitudinal trajectories of sleep inertia among intern nurses with shift work in China: Prevalence, risk factors and outcomes.

There is a growing consensus regarding the significant individual differences in responses to sleep inertia. However, little is known about the longitudinal trajectories of sleep inertia. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the incidence rates of sleep inertia, longitudinal trajectories, influencing factors and outcomes among intern nurses with shift work.

Hydrogen sulfide alleviates endothelial glycocalyx damage and promotes placental angiogenesis in rats exposed to cigarette smoke.

Our previous study has shown that hydrogen sulfide (HS) can attenuate cigarette smoke exposure (CSE)-induced placental injury in rats. This study investigated whether HS alleviates CSE-induced endothelial glycocalyx (eGC) impairment and promotes placental angiogenesis in rats. Twenty-four pregnant rats were randomly divided into four groups: control, NaHS (a donor of HS), CSE, and CSE + NaHS.

Effect of carrageenan on stability and 3D printing performance of high internal phase pickering emulsion stabilized by soy protein isolate aggregates under neutral condition.

High internal phase Pickering emulsion (HIPPE) stabilized by heat induced soy protein isolate aggregates (HSPI) alone had limited stability and poor 3D printing performance. While there is few research about HIPPE stabilized by HSPI and polysaccrides at neutral pH condition, where HSPI and ĸ-carrageenan (CG) were combined to fabricate HIPPE in this research. It was found that the incorporation of CG significantly decreased the droplet size and improved the storage stability of the resulting HIPPE.

A Machine learning classification framework using fused fractal property feature vectors for Alzheimer's disease diagnosis.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) profoundly affects brain tissue and network structures. Analyzing the topological properties of these networks helps to understand the progression of the disease. Most studies focus on single-scale brain networks, but few address multiscale brain networks.

Synergistic Enhancement of Cathode Performance through the Introduction of Oxygen Vacancies in the P2/P3 Mixed Phase.

P2-type NaNiMnO cathodes have attracted attention due to their excellent stability and low cost, making them promising for sodium-ion batteries. However, their practical application is limited by a low capacity at lower voltages and severe phase transitions at higher voltage. To address these challenges, we report a material NaNiMnO-OVs (NNMO-OVs) with significantly slowed phase transitions at high voltage by introducing oxygen vacancies OVs into the P2/P3 mixed phase cathode NaNiMnO (NNMO).

Differences in brain spindle density during sleep between patients with and without type 2 diabetes.

Background: Sleep spindles may be implicated in sensing and regulation of peripheral glucose. Whether spindle density in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) differs from that of healthy subjects is unknown.

Methods: Our retrospective analysis of polysomnography (PSG) studies identified 952 patients with T2DM and 952 sex-, age- and BMI-matched control subjects.

Effects of different drying methods on the chemical components and activities of Taihang chrysanthemum (Opisthopappus taihangensis).

Although the health benefits of chrysanthemums have been widely studied, there is a paucity of knowledge regarding Taihang chrysanthemum (Opisthopappus taihangensis). This study compared indoor shade drying, heat drying and freeze drying on the chemical profile and health-related activities of O. taihangensis.

Specific surface-modified iron oxide nanoparticles trigger complement-dependent innate and adaptive antileukaemia immunity.

Considerable advances have been achieved in the application of nanomaterials for immunotherapies, yet the precise immune effects induced by protein corona remain elusive. Here, we explore the formation mechanism and immune regulation process of protein corona in acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) mouse models using commercialized iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs), with different surface modifications, including an FDA-approved variant. Using macrophages depleted or Complement Component 3 (C3) knockout mice, we demonstrate that carboxymethyl dextran-coated IONP (IONP-COOH) reduces leukaemia burden.

USP13 inhibition exacerbates mitochondrial dysfunction and acute kidney injury by acting on MCL-1.

Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a globally recognized public health issue that lacks satisfactory therapeutic strategies. Deubiquitinase ubiquitin-specific protease 13 (USP13) regulates various pathophysiological processes via the deubiquitination of multiple substrates. However, its role in AKI remains unclear.