Pd-Catalyzed Stereospecific Glycosyl Cross-Coupling of Reversed Anomeric Stannanes for Modular Synthesis of Nonclassical -Glycosides.

Nonclassical -glycosides, distinguished by their unique glycosidic bond connection mode, represent a promising avenue for the development of carbohydrate-based drugs. However, the accessibility of nonclassical -glycosides hinders broader investigations into their structural features and modes of action. Herein, we present the first example of Pd-catalyzed stereospecific glycosylation of nonclassical anomeric stannanes with aryl or vinyl halides.

NADH Analogues Enable Metal- and Light-Free Decarboxylative Functionalization.

Here we report a metal- and light-free decarboxylative functionalization approach enabled by reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH) analogues. The efficient and operationally simple approach, conducted in 5 minutes from in situ preparation of aryliodine (III) dicarboxylates under open-air and ambient conditions, enables diverse bond formation and exhibits a broad substrate scope of over 70 examples. Late-stage functionalization of drug molecules and natural products further demonstrates the synthetic utility of this method.

Photocatalytic C-F bond activation in small molecules and polyfluoroalkyl substances.

Organic halides are highly useful compounds in chemical synthesis, where the halide serves as a versatile functional group for elimination, substitution, and cross-coupling reactions with transition metals or photocatalysis. However, the activation of carbon-fluorine bonds, the most commercially abundant organohalide and found in PFAS, or "forever chemicals", are much rarer. Current approaches based on photoredox chemistry for activation of small molecule carbon-fluorine (C-F) bonds are limited by the substrates and transition-metal catalysts needed.

Comparative evaluation of human oral fibroblast proliferation on 3D-printed zirconia and silicon nitride as new ceramic materials for implant abutment.

Purpose: Cell adhesion and subsequent proliferation on material surfaces depend on the physical and chemical characteristics of the material. There is a lack of literature on human gingival fibroblast proliferation on comparatively newer additively manufactured materials like silicon nitride. This study focused on the physical characteristics of the materials with the aim to compare the adhesion and proliferation of human gingival fibroblasts on additively manufactured silicon nitride (AMSN) with additively manufactured zirconia, conventional milled titanium (MTi), and milled zirconia.

Growth-coupled production of L-isoleucine in Escherichia coli via metabolic engineering.

L-isoleucine, an essential amino acid, is widely used in the pharmaceutical and food industries. However, the current production efficiency is insufficient to meet the increasing demands. In this study, we aimed to develop an efficient L-isoleucine-producing strain of Escherichia coli.

TSG Extends the Longevity of by Targeting the DAF-16/SKN-1/SIR-2.1-Mediated Mitochondrial Quality Control Process.

The improvement of mitochondrial function is described as a strategy for alleviating oxidative stress and intervening in the aging process. 2,3,5,4'-Tetrahydroxystilbene-2---D-glucoside (TSG) is one of the major bioactive components isolated from Thunb, and it exhibits multiple activities, including antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. In this study, we found that 200 μM TSG significantly extended the mean lifespan of by 16.

Modular enantioselective assembly of multi-substituted boron-stereogenic BODIPYs.

Boron dipyrromethenes (BODIPYs) are some of the most popular and indispensable tetracoordinate boron compounds and have found widespread applications owing to their excellent spectroscopic and photophysical properties. BODIPYs possessing boron-stereogenic centres are scarce, and strategies for the synthesis of enantioenriched boron-stereogenic BODIPYs with structural diversity remain underdeveloped. In theory, the BODIPY core skeleton has several sites that could be decorated with different substituents.

HLH-30/TFEB modulates autophagy to improve proteostasis in Aβ transgenic .

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a complex neurodegenerative disease that affects elderly individuals, characterized by senile plaques formed by extracellular amyloid beta (Aβ). Autophagy dysfunction is a manifestation of protein homeostasis imbalance in patients with AD, but its relationship with Aβ remains unclear. Here, we showed that in Aβ transgenic Aβ activated the TOR pathway and reduced the nuclear entry of HLH-30, leading to autophagy dysfunction characterized by autophagosome accumulation.

Optical coherence tomography characteristics and prognostic predictors of acute macular neuroretinopathy following SARS-CoV-2 infection.

Purpose: To analyze the characteristics of optical coherence tomography in acute macular neuroretinopathy (AMN) following severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection and discuss the prognostic predictors.

Methods: Patients with AMN following SARS-CoV-2 infection were divided into two groups according to the presence or absence of hyperreflective outer nuclear layer (ONL) lesion involving the fovea.

Results: The first visit included 14 eyes in the fovea-involved group and 20 eyes in the no fovea-involved group.

Supra-Alveolar Bone Regeneration: Progress, Challenges, and Future Perspectives.

Periodontitis is a highly prevalent disease that damages the supporting tissues of a tooth, including the alveolar bone. Alveolar bone loss owing to periodontitis is broadly categorized as supra-alveolar and intra-alveolar bone loss. In intra-alveolar bone loss, the defect has an angular or oblique orientation to the long axis of the tooth in an apical direction.

Summary of the Best Evidence for Perioperative Exercise in Patients Undergoing Hepatectomy.

Objective: This study aimed to search and analyze relevant evidence on perioperative activities in patients undergoing hepatectomy and provide a summary of the best evidence available.

Methods: Comprehensive computer searches were conducted in various databases, including PubMed, Cochrane Library, BMJ Best Practice, Joanna Briggs Institute, Evidence-Based Health Care Centre Database, US Guidelines Network, UK National Institute of Clinical Medicine, Scottish Intercollegiate Guidelines Network, International Guidelines Association Network, New Zealand Clinical Practice Guidelines Network, and Chinese Biomedical Literature Database from January 30, 2022 to December 30, 2023. The search included guidelines, expert consensus, evidence summaries, systematic reviews, and original research closely related to the evidence.

Association between oxidative balance score and risk of gout: The NHANES cross-sectional study, 2007-2018.

Background: The Oxidative Balance Score (OBS) is a systematic tool to assess the effects of diet and lifestyle in relation to oxidative stress. The association between OBS and gout has not been reported previously. We conducted a cross-sectional study to investigate the complex association between OBS and gout in US adults.

Enhancing higher-order modal response in multifrequency atomic force microscopy with a coupled cantilever system.

Multifrequency atomic force microscopy (AFM) utilizes the multimode operation of cantilevers to achieve rapid high-resolution imaging and extract multiple properties. However, the higher-order modal response of traditional rectangular cantilever is weaker in air, which affects the sensitivity of multifrequency AFM detection. To address this issue, we previously proposed a bridge/cantilever coupled system model to enhance the higher-order modal response of the cantilever.

EBV promotes TCR-T-cell therapy resistance by inducing CD163+M2 macrophage polarization and MMP9 secretion.

Background: Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is a double-stranded DNA oncogenic virus. Several types of solid tumors, such as nasopharyngeal carcinoma, EBV-associated gastric carcinoma, and lymphoepithelioma-like carcinoma of the lung, have been linked to EBV infection. Currently, several TCR-T-cell therapies for EBV-associated tumors are in clinical trials, but due to the suppressive immune microenvironment of solid tumors, the clinical application of TCR-T-cell therapy for EBV-associated solid tumors is limited.

Mild Allergic Reactions after Botulinum Toxin Injection: A Case Series and Literature Review.

Background: Botulinum toxin type A (BTA) is becoming more and more prevalent as an injection agent in cosmetic surgery. However, there is an increasing amount of cases reporting unexpected adverse reactions related to BTA injection. BTA can invoke many kinds of hypersensitive reactions, some of which can be delayed-type or even fatal; hence, it is of crucial importance to pay close attention to atypical and early symptoms that may indicate the presence of BTA allergy in patients.

Effect of heart rate on poor outcome in stroke patients treated with intra-arterial thrombectomy.

Background And Purpose: The relationship between heart rate and the prognosis of patients with large vessel occlusion strokes treated with mechanical thrombectomy (MT) is not well established. This study aimed to evaluate the association of mean heart rate and heart rate variability (HRV) with the clinical outcomes after MT therapy.

Methods: Acute ischemic stroke patients undergoing MT therapy were prospectively recruited from March 2020 to November 2022.

Motilin, a Novel Orexigenic Factor, Involved in Feeding Regulation in Yangtze Sturgeon ().

Motilin is a gastrointestinal hormone that is mainly produced in the duodenum of mammals, and it is responsible for regulating appetite. However, the role and expression of motilin are poorly understood during starvation and the weaning stage, which is of great importance in the seeding cultivation of fish. In this study, the sequences of Yangtze sturgeon ( ()) motilin receptor () were cloned and characterized.

Adherence to an antioxidant diet and lifestyle is associated with reduced risk of cardiovascular disease and mortality among adults with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: evidence from NHANES 1999-2018.

Background: Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) stands a prevalent chronic liver condition significantly influenced by oxidative stress. We investigated the unclear relationship between antioxidant-rich diet and lifestyle and cardiovascular disease (CVD) prevalence rate and mortality in adult patients with NAFLD.

Methods: This study utilized data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHAENS) spanning from 1999 to 2018 to investigate the association between adherence to an antioxidant-rich diet and lifestyle and the cardiovascular disease (CVD) prevalence rate and mortality in adult patients with NAFLD.

Adaptive under-sampling strategy for fast imaging in compressive sensing-based atomic force microscopy.

Compressive sensing (CS) can reconstruct the rest information almost without distortion by advanced computational algorithm, which significantly simplifies the process of atomic force microscope (AFM) scanning with high imaging quality. In common CS-AFM, the partial measurements randomly come from the whole region to be measured, which easily leads to detail loss and poor image quality in regions of interest (ROIs). Consequently, important microscopic phenomena are missed probably.

Mercuric sulfide nanoparticles suppress the neurobehavioral functions of Caenorhabditis elegans through a Skp1-dependent mechanism.

Cinnabar is the naturally occurring mercuric sulfide (HgS) and concerns about its safety have been grown. However, the molecular mechanism of HgS-related neurotoxicity remains unclear. S-phase kinase-associated protein 1 (Skp1), identified as the target protein of HgS, plays a crucial role in the development of neurological diseases.

Trigeminal Neuralgia after Hyaluronic Acid and Botox Injection.

A rare case of trigeminal neuralgia following injections of Hyaluronic Acid and Botox was documented. In addressing the severe pain and swelling caused by the injection, a novel combination therapy was employed, notably including 5-fluorouracil. The significant improvement observed in this case not only provided clinical insights but also spurred further investigation into the underlying mechanisms linking trigeminal nerve damage to local dermal filler injections.

Neglected function of gastrin to reduce feeding in Siberian sturgeon (Acipenser baerii) via cholecystokinin receptor B.

Gastrin is an important intragastrointestinal hormone, but reports on its regulation of feeding behavior in fish are still scarce. This study aimed to determine the feeding regulatory function of gastrin in sturgeon. In this study, a gastrin/cholecystokinin-like peptide was identified in the genomes of sturgeon and proved to be gastrin by evolutionary tree analysis.

Lactate dehydrogenase A promotes nasopharyngeal carcinoma progression through the TAK1/NF-κB Axis.

Background: Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is a malignant tumor that originates in the nasopharyngeal mucosa and is common in China and Southeast Asian countries. Cancer cells reprogram glycolytic metabolism to promote their growth, survival and metastasis. Glycolysis plays an important role in NPC development, but the underlying mechanisms remain incompletely elucidated.