Integrated communication and sensing system based on Si-SiN dual-layer optical phased array.

Traditional free space optical communication (FSOC) and light detection and ranging (lidar) are typically separate entities. Integrated communication and sensing systems (ICSS) can harmoniously integrate environmental perception with data transmission, paving the way for efficient, safe, and intelligent vehicle. However, the performance of FSOC and lidar systems are often constrained by the traditional mechanical beam steering components, impacting beam scanning speed, system volume, and robustness.

Polysaccharides from Eucommia ulmoides Oliv. leaves alleviates alcohol-induced mouse brain injury and BV-2 microglial dysfunction.

Acute alcohol intoxication is a harmful clinical condition characterized by behavioral and neurological symptoms, for which few effective therapies are available at present. Dysfunction of microglial BV-2 cells has been reported to be associated with acute alcohol-induced brain injuries. In the present study, the protective effects of Eucommia ulmoides Oliv.

Correlations of characteristics with tissue involvement in knee gouty arthritis: Magnetic resonance imaging analysis.

Objective: This study investigates the MRI features of knee gouty arthritis (KGA), examines its relationship with the extent of tissue involvement, and assesses whether risk factors can predict KGA.

Materials And Methods: Patients diagnosed with KGA underwent MRI examinations, and two independent observers retrospectively analyzed data from 44 patients (49 knees). These patients were divided into mild and severe groups based on tissue involvement observed during arthroscopy.

Mitigating Strain Accumulation in LiRuO via Fluorine Doping.

Lithium ruthenium oxide (LiRuO) is an archetypal lithium rich cathode material (LRCM) with both cation and anion redox reactions (ARRs). Commonly, the instability of oxygen redox activities has been regarded as the root cause of its performance degradation in long-term operation. However, we find that not triggering ARRs does not improve and even worsens its cyclability due to the detrimental strain accumulation induced by Ru redox activities.

Polysaccharides from Oliv. Leaves Alleviate Acute Alcoholic Liver Injury by Modulating the Microbiota-Gut-Liver Axis in Mice.

The interplay among gut microbiota, intestines, and liver is crucial in preventing acute alcoholic liver injury. In this study, the hepatoprotective potential of polysaccharides from Oliv. leaves (EULP) on acute alcoholic liver injury in Kunming male mice was investigated.

Polystyrene microplastics with absorbed nonylphenol induce intestinal dysfunction in human Caco-2 cells.

Due to the massive production and use of plastic, the chronic and evolving exposure to microplastics in our daily lives is omnipresent. Nonylphenol (NP), a persistent organic pollutant, may change toxicity when it co-exists with microplastics. In this study, polystyrene microplastics (PS-MPs), either alone or with pre-absorbed NP, generated oxidative stress and inflammatory lesions to Caco-2 cells, as well as affecting proliferation via the MAPK signaling pathway and causing apoptosis.

Polystyrene nanobeads exacerbate chronic colitis in mice involving in oxidative stress and hepatic lipid metabolism.

Background: Nanoplastics (NPs) are omnipresent in our lives as a new type of pollution with a tiny size. It can enter organisms from the environment, accumulate in the body, and be passed down the food chain. Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a nonspecific intestinal inflammatory disease that is recurrent and prevalent in the population.

Phytic acid cross-linked and Hofmeister effect strengthened polyvinyl alcohol hydrogels for zinc ion storage.

It is a big challenge to retain the water and thus reduce the charge impedance for solid electrolytes used in flexible and wearable zinc ion batteries. Here, we propose novel phytic acid (PA) cross-linked polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) hydrogels as high-performanced solid electrolytes strengthened by the Hofmeister effect. In this approach, freeze-thawing followed by a salting-out procedure anions to induce the Hofmeister effect can greatly improve the tensile strain and flexibility of the hydrogels.

Deciphering Electrolyte Dominated Na Storage Mechanisms in Hard Carbon Anodes for Sodium-Ion Batteries.

Although hard carbon (HC) demonstrates superior initial Coulombic efficiency, cycling durability, and rate capability in ether-based electrolytes compared to ester-based electrolytes for sodium-ion batteries (SIBs), the underlying mechanisms responsible for these disparities remain largely unexplored. Herein, ex situ electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectra and in situ Raman spectroscopy are combined to investigate the Na storage mechanism of HC under different electrolytes. Through deconvolving the EPR signals of Na in HC, quasi-metallic-Na is successfully differentiated from adsorbed-Na.

Model-less prediction filter for adaptive adjustment process noise.

In this study, a filtering scheme suitable for high-precision sensors was proposed to extract high-precision sensor information. According to the principle of Kalman gain based on data fusion, a model-less prediction filter with minimum gain measurement noise compensation and process noise posteriori constraint adjustment was developed. In comparison to various Kalman filter methods, the proposed algorithm demonstrated better accuracy in the steady state.

Ultrafast Strategy to Fabricate Sulfur Cathodes for High-Performance Lithium-Sulfur Batteries.

Based on the different dielectric properties of materials and the selective heating property of microwaves, the ultrafast (30 s) preparation of S-NiS@SP@Bitu as a cathode material for lithium-sulfur batteries was achieved using bitumen, sulfur, Super P, and nickel naphthenate as raw materials for the first time, under microwave treatment. NiS@SP@Bitu forms Li-N, Li-O, Li-S, and Ni-S bonds with polysulfide, which contributes to promoting the adsorption of polysulfide, reducing the precipitation and decomposition energy barrier of LiS, and accelerating the catalytic conversion of polysulfide, as result of inhibiting the "shuttle effect" and improving the electrochemical performance. S-NiS@SP@Bitu as the sulfur cathode material demonstrates outstanding rate performance (518.

Precisely manipulated π-π stacking of catalytic exfoliated iron polyphthalocyanine/reduced graphene oxide hybrid via pyrolysis-free path.

Metal macrocycles with well-defined molecular structures are ideal platforms for the in-depth study of electrochemical oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). Structural integrity of metal macrocycles is vital but remain challenging since the commonly used high-temperature pyrolysis would cause severe structure damage and unidentifiable active sites. Herein, we propose a pyrolysis-free strategy to precisely manipulate the exfoliated 2D iron polyphthalocyanine (FePPc) anchored on reduced graphene oxide (rGO) via π-π stacking using facile high-energy ball milling.

Three-electrode germanium-on-silicon avalanche photodiode array.

In this Letter, we report a bridge-connected three-electrode germanium-on-silicon (Ge-on-Si) avalanche photodiode (APD) array compatible with the complementary metal-oxide semiconductor (CMOS) process. In addition to the two electrodes on the Si substrate, a third electrode is designed for Ge. A single three-electrode APD was tested and analyzed.

Alcohol induces apoptosis and autophagy in microglia BV-2 cells.

Alcohol (ethanol) has proven to be toxic to nearly all organs, with the brain being one of the principal targets. As one of the important components of the brain's blood-brain barrier (BBB) and central nervous system, the state of microglia may be associated with some symptoms of alcohol intoxication. In the present study, microglia BV-2 cells were exposed to various concentrations of alcohol for 3 or 12 h, imitating different stages of drunkenness after alcohol use, respectively.

On-chip generation of Bessel-Gaussian beam via concentrically distributed grating arrays for long-range sensing.

Bessel beam featured with self-healing is essential to the optical sensing applications in the obstacle scattering environment. Integrated on-chip generation of the Bessel beam outperforms the conventional structure by small size, robustness, and alignment-free scheme. However, the maximum propagation distance (Z) provided by the existing approaches cannot support long-range sensing, and thus, it restricts its potential applications.

Effect of nanoparticles on gouty arthritis: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to explore the effects of nanoparticles on gouty arthritis, and to provide evidence for the preclinical application of nanoparticles in gouty arthritis and ideas for nanomedicine improvement for nanoparticle researchers.

Methods: Five databases including the Cochrane Library, PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Embase were searched for eligible studies until April 2022. The quality of the selected studies was assessed by SYRCLE's risk of bias (RoB) tool, and the random-effects model was used to calculate the overall effect sizes of weighted mean differences (WMD).

Widely targeted metabolite profiling of mango stem apex during floral induction by compond of mepiquat chloride, prohexadione-calcium and uniconazole.

Background: Insufficient low temperatures in winter and soil residues caused by paclobutrazol (PBZ) application pose a considerable challenge for mango floral induction (FI). Gibberellin inhibitors SPD (compound of mepiquat chloride, prohexadione-calcium and uniconazole) had a significant influence on enhancing the flowering rate and yield of mango for two consecutive years (2020-2021). Researchers have indicated that FI is regulated at the metabolic level; however, little is known about the metabolic changes during FI in response to SPD treatment.

3D-printed bioactive ceramic scaffolds with MoSe nanocrystals as photothermal agents for bone tumor therapy.

Large scale bone defects after bone tumor resection are difficult to reconstruct and repair, and there is also the possibility of tumor recurrence. Photothermal therapy (PTT) has the function of inhibiting tumor cells, but the risk of damage to normal cells is the main factor limiting the clinical application of PTT drugs, and most of them have a weak effect on regeneration for bone defects. Therefore, specific biomaterials that simultaneously eliminate bone tumors, have low toxicity, and promote osteogenesis have attracted considerable attention.

Multi-target free-space laser communication system based on a rotating double prism with an RF signal beacon.

Traditional free-space laser communication systems use beacon and signal lights for target detection and alignment. However, these approaches are inaccurate owing to signal dispersion errors. To overcome this difficulty, we propose a new method using transient radio frequency (RF) signals to achieve highly accurate target detection and alignment.

Jackfruit genome and population genomics provide insights into fruit evolution and domestication history in China.

As the largest known tree-borne fruit in the world, jackfruit () is an important cultivated crop in tropical regions of South and Southeast Asia. The species has been cultivated in China for more than 1000 years, but the history of its introduction to the country remains unclear. We assembled a high-quality chromosome-level genome of jackfruit into 985.

N, S-Coordinated Co Single Atomic Catalyst Boosting Adsorption and Conversion of Lithium Polysulfides for Lithium-Sulfur Batteries.

Boosting reversible solid-liquid phase transformation from lithium polysulfides to Li S and suppressing the shuttling of lithium polysulfides from the cathode to the lithium anode are critical challenges in lithium-sulfur batteries. Here, sulfiphilic single atomic cobalt implanted in lithiophilic heteroatoms-dopped carbon (SACo@HC) matrix with a CoN S structure for high-performance lithium-sulfur batteries is reported. Density functional theory calculation and in situ experiments demonstrate that the optimal CoN S structure in SACo@HC can effectively improve the adsorption and redox conversion efficiency of lithium polysulfides.

Automated detection of knee cystic lesions on magnetic resonance imaging using deep learning.

Background: Cystic lesions are frequently observed in knee joint diseases and are usually associated with joint pain, degenerative disorders, or acute injury. Magnetic resonance imaging-based, artificial intelligence-assisted cyst detection is an effective method to improve the whole knee joint analysis. However, few studies have investigated this method.

A Retrospective Comparative Study of Modified Percutaneous Endoscopic Transforaminal Discectomy and Open Lumbar Discectomy for Gluteal Pain Caused by Lumbar Disc Herniation.

Introduction: This study aimed to demonstrate the safety and effectiveness of modified percutaneous endoscopic transforaminal discectomy (PETD) in the surgical management of single-segment lumbar disc herniation (LDH) gluteal pain and to determine whether it provides a better clinical outcome than open lumbar discectomy (OD).

Methods: A retrospective analysis of patients treated with modified PETD and OD for gluteal pain in LDH from January 2015 to December 2020 was conducted. Sample size was determined using a priori power analysis.

Distinct clinical and somatic mutational features of breast tumors with high-, low-, or non-expressing human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 status.

Background: HER2-low breast cancers were reported to have distinct clinicopathological characteristics from HER2-zero; however, the difference in their genetic features remains unclear. This study investigated the clinical and molecular features of breast tumors according to HER2 status.

Methods: We analyzed the clinicopathological and genomic data of 523 Chinese women with breast cancer.

Arthroscopic surgery for synovial chondroma of the subacromial bursa with non-traumatic shoulder subluxation complications: Two case reports.

Background: Synovial chondromatosis is a disease originating from the synovium and characterized by the presence of metaplastic cartilaginous nodules in synovial cavities. The exact prevalence of synovial chondromatosis remains unknown, and the involvement of the shoulder joint is very rare. Synovial chondromatosis accompanied by subluxation of the humeral head without a history of trauma is rarely encountered, and to our knowledge, no published reports describe this condition.