PPS-TLR7/8 agonist nanoparticles equip robust anticancer immunity by selectively prolonged activation of dendritic cells.

Checkpoint inhibitor therapies do not benefit all patients, and adjuvants play a critical role in boosting immune responses for effective cancer immunotherapy. However, their systemic toxicity and suboptimal activation kinetics pose significant challenges. Here, this study presented a linker-based strategy to modulate the activation kinetics of Toll-like receptor 7/8 (TLR7/8) agonists delivered via poly (propylene sulfide) nanoparticles (PPS NPs).

An annotated catalog of Evanioidea (Insecta: Hymenoptera) from China.

The taxonomy of the superfamily Evanioidea from China has long been neglected, and the current status of their classification inhibits further research on their biology. This catalog updates and documents the genus- and species-level taxonomy for both extant and extinct species of the superfamily Evanioidea recorded from China, while providing information on type depositories and distributional data. Results from an extensive review of literatures, including host records and taxonomic notes, are also provided.

Integrative mapping of human CD8 T cells in inflammation and cancer.

CD8 T cells exhibit remarkable phenotypic diversity in inflammation and cancer. However, a comprehensive understanding of their clonal landscape and dynamics remains elusive. Here we introduce scAtlasVAE, a deep-learning-based model for the integration of large-scale single-cell RNA sequencing data and cross-atlas comparisons.

High-Dose Compound Betamethasone Used in Local Infiltration Analgesia Does Not Increase Reinfection Rates Following Periprosthetic Joint Infection Treatment.

Background: Cocktails containing glucocorticoids for local infiltration analgesia (LIA) are highly advocated and effective in managing pain in total joint arthroplasty (TJA). However, it remains ambiguous whether this protocol maintains its safety and efficacy in the treatment of periprosthetic joint infection (PJI), a devastating complication of TJA.

Methods: A retrospective study was conducted on 299 single-stage revision cases for PJI spanning the years 2010 to 2021.

Efficacy and safety of intra-articular-only meropenem after one-stage revision for treating Escherichia coli-induced periprosthetic joint infection in a rat model.

Aims: The optimum type of antibiotics and their administration route for treating Gram-negative (GN) periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) remain controversial. This study aimed to determine the GN bacterial species and antibacterial resistance rates related to clinical GN-PJI, and to determine the efficacy and safety of intra-articular (IA) antibiotic injection after one-stage revision in a GN pathogen-induced PJI rat model of total knee arthroplasty.

Methods: A total of 36 consecutive PJI patients who had been infected with GN bacteria between February 2015 and December 2021 were retrospectively recruited in order to analyze the GN bacterial species involvement and antibacterial resistance rates.

Synovial vancomycin and meropenem concentrations in periprosthetic joint infection treated by single-stage revision combined with intra-articular infusion.

Aims: We aimed to determine the concentrations of synovial vancomycin and meropenem in patients treated by single-stage revision combined with intra-articular infusion following periprosthetic joint infection (PJI), thereby validating this drug delivery approach.

Methods: We included 14 patients with PJI as noted in their medical records between November 2021 and August 2022, comprising eight hip and seven knee joint infections, with one patient experiencing bilateral knee infections. The patients underwent single-stage revision surgery, followed by intra-articular infusion of vancomycin and meropenem (50,000 µg/ml).

Crack-Deflecting Lattice Metamaterials Inspired by Precipitation Hardening.

Lattice structures, comprising nodes and struts arranged in an array, are renowned for their lightweight and unique mechanical deformation characteristics. Previous studies on lattice structures have revealed that failure often originates from stress concentration points and spreads throughout the material. This results in collapse failure, similar to the accumulation of damage at defects in metallic crystals.

Sonodynamic effect based on vancomycin-loaded microbubbles or meropenem-loaded microbubbles enhances elimination of different biofilms and bactericidal efficacy.

Aims: This study investigated vancomycin-microbubbles (Vm-MBs) and meropenem (Mp)-MBs with ultrasound-targeted microbubble destruction (UTMD) to disrupt biofilms and improve bactericidal efficiency, providing a new and promising strategy for the treatment of device-related infections (DRIs).

Methods: A film hydration method was used to prepare Vm-MBs and Mp-MBs and examine their characterization. Biofilms of methicillin-resistant (MRSA) and were treated with different groups.

[Medium- and long-term effectiveness of hip revision with SL-PLUS MIA stem in patients with Paprosky type - femoral bone defect].

Objective: To investigate the medium- and long-term effectiveness of hip revision with SL-PLUS MIA stem in patients with Paprosky typeⅠ-Ⅲ femoral bone defect.

Methods: Between June 2012 and December 2018, 44 patients with Paprosky typeⅠ-Ⅲ femoral bone defect received hip revision using SL-PLUS MIA stem. There were 28 males and 16 females, with an average age of 57.

Multiplex influences on vigilance and biochemical variables induced by sleep deprivation.

Introduction: Sleep loss and sleep deprivation (SD) cause deleterious influences on health, cognition, mood and behaviour. Nevertheless, insufficient sleep and SD are prevalent across many industries and occur in various emergencies. The deleterious consequences of SD have yet to be fully elucidated.

Mechanochemical Synthesis of Silylcyclopentenes via Ball Milling.

The development of innovative methods for synthesizing silylcyclopentene compounds is particularly important for enriching and improving the synthetical toolbox of organosilicon compounds. Herein, a facile approach has been developed for the synthesis of silylcyclopentenes promoted by mechanochemically generated organolithium species as silicon nucleophiles under ball milling conditions, avoiding the requirement of large amounts of bulk solvent. This operationally simple method demonstrates good functional group compatibility, which provides a great opportunity for further exploration of the synthetic applications of silylcyclopentenes.

Conservative femoral revision using short cementless stems with a tapered rectangular shape for selected Paprosky II-IV bone defects: an average seven-year follow-up.

Background: The use of long stems for severe femoral bone defects is suggested by many scholars, but it is associated with further bone loss, intraoperative fracture, increased surgical trauma, and complications. With better bone retention, simple and quick surgical procedures, and minimal complications, the short cementless stems with a tapered rectangular shape may be an alternative for femoral revision. This study aimed to evaluate the results of this type of stem in treating selected Paprosky II-IV bone defects.

Carbon nitride reinforced chitosan/sodium alginate hydrogel as high-performance adsorbents for free hemoglobin removal in vitro and in vivo.

Removing free hemoglobin generated during extracorporeal circulation remains a challenge. Currently, there is no adsorbent with specificity and good biosafety for removing hemoglobin. In this study, a new chitosan/sodium alginate/carbon nitride (CS/SA/CN) hydrogel adsorbent was prepared by blending SA with CN to drop into CS/CaCl solution.

Altering the CO Electroreduction Pathways Towards C or C Products via Engineering the Strength of Interfacial Cu-O Bond.

Copper (Cu)-based catalysts have established their unique capability for yielding wide value-added products from CO. Herein, we demonstrate that the pathways of the electrocatalytic CO reduction reaction (CORR) can be rationally altered toward C or C products by simply optimizing the coordination of Cu with O-containing organic species (squaric acid (HCO) and cyclohexanehexaone (CO)). It is revealed that the strength of Cu-O bonds can significantly affect the morphologies and electronic structures of derived Cu catalysts, resulting in the distinct behaviors during CORR.

Radiomics model based on contrast-enhanced computed tomography imaging for early recurrence monitoring after radical resection of AFP-negative hepatocellular carcinoma.

Background: Although radical surgical resection is the most effective treatment for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), the high rate of postoperative recurrence remains a major challenge, especially in patients with alpha-fetoprotein (AFP)-negative HCC who lack effective biomarkers for postoperative recurrence surveillance. Emerging radiomics can reveal subtle structural changes in tumors by analyzing preoperative contrast-enhanced computer tomography (CECT) imaging data and may provide new ways to predict early recurrence (recurrence within 2 years) in AFP-negative HCC. In this study, we propose to develop a radiomics model based on preoperative CECT to predict the risk of early recurrence after surgery in AFP-negative HCC.

Management of Severe Bone Defects in Femoral Revision following Total Hip Arthroplasty.

Treatment of femoral bone defects continues to be a challenge in revision total hip arthroplasty (THA); therefore, meticulous preoperative evaluation of patients and surgical planning are required. This review provides a concise synopsis of the etiology, classification, treatment strategy, and prosthesis selection in relation to femoral bone loss in revision THA. A search of literature was conducted for identification of research articles related to classification of bone loss, management of femoral revision, and comparison of different types of stems.

Human Breast Milk Exosomal miRNAs are Influenced by Premature Delivery and Affect Neurodevelopment.

Scope: This study investigates the exosomal microRNA (miRNA) profiles of term and preterm breast milk, including the most abundant and differentially expressed (DE) miRNAs, and their impact on neurodevelopment in infants.

Methods And Results: Mature milk is collected from the mothers of term and preterm infants. Using high-throughput sequencing and subsequent data analysis, exosomal miRNA profiles of term and preterm human breast milk (HBM) are acquired and it is found that the let-7 and miR-148 families are the most abundant miRNAs.

Prognostic value of lymph node ratio in patients with non-metastatic cervical cancer treated with radical hysterectomy: A population-based study.

Background: The lymph node ratio (LNR) is an emerging prognostic biomarker in multiple malignancies. This study aimed to explore the prognostic role of LNR in patients with non-metastatic cervical cancer undergoing radical hysterectomy.

Methods: Data were extracted from the SEER 17 registry.

Parenting and family life experiences of mothers diagnosed with schizophrenia within Chinese cultural context.

WHAT IS KNOWN ON THE SUBJECT?: Parenting experiences are a great challenge but also a meaningful achievement for mothers diagnosed with schizophrenia (MDWSs). Most previous studies focused on the parenting experiences of Chinese mothers diagnosed with depression rather than those diagnosed with schizophrenia, who usually experience psychiatric symptoms. WHAT THIS PAPER ADDS TO EXISTING KNOWLEDGE?: Unlike in Western society, Chinese society is characterised by a family-centred culture.

Understanding the Purchase Decisions of Silver Consumers in Short-Form Video Platforms from the Perspective of Existence, Relatedness, and Growth Needs.

The differentiated characteristics of the silver (elderly) group from other groups means that the previous interaction mechanism in short-form video (SFV) e-commerce is no longer applicable. Drawing on sociotechnical systems theory and the ERG theory, this study is motivated to explore the purchase intention of silver consumers in SFV platforms. We categorize the characteristics of SFV platforms into social and technical aspects, and analyze silver consumers' purchasing decisions in terms of existence, relatedness, and growth needs.

CompleteInst: An Efficient Instance Segmentation Network for Missed Detection Scene of Autonomous Driving.

As a fundamental computer vision task, instance segmentation is widely used in the field of autonomous driving because it can perform both instance-level distinction and pixel-level segmentation. We propose CompleteInst based on QueryInst as a solution to the problems of missed detection with a network structure designed from the feature level and the instance level. At the feature level, we propose Global Pyramid Networks (GPN) to collect global information of missed instances.

[A multicenter randomized controlled trial of domestic robot-assisted and conventional total knee arthroplasty].

Objective: To investigate the accuracy, safety, and short-term effectiveness of a domestic robot-assisted system in total knee arthroplasty (TKA) by a multicenter randomized controlled trial.

Methods: Between December 2021 and February 2023, 138 patients with knee osteoarthritis who received TKA in 5 clinical centers were prospectively collected, and 134 patients met the inclusion criteria were randomly assigned to either a trial group ( =68) or a control group ( =66). Seven patients had lost follow-up and missing data, so they were excluded and the remaining 127 patients were included for analysis, including 66 patients in the trial group and 61 patients in the control group.

MixedFusion: An Efficient Multimodal Data Fusion Framework for 3-D Object Detection and Tracking.

The performance of environmental perception is critical for the safe driving of intelligent connected vehicles (ICVs). Currently, the most prevalent technical solutions are based on multimodal data fusion to achieve a comprehensive perception of the surrounding environment. However, existing fusion perception methods suffer from issues such as low sensor data utilization and unreasonable fusion strategies, which severely limit their performance in adverse weather conditions.

Interdisciplinary Shadowing and Case Discussion Improve Medical Students' Self-Efficacy and Attitude Toward Discharge Planning.

Background: The Discharge Planning Curriculum (DPC) is a 4-hour course for penultimate-year medical students at a tertiary teaching hospital in Taiwan. The course begins with a 30-minute introduction, followed by the students shadowing discharge planning case managers as they visit patients on the wards. After patient visits, the students engaged in a 1-hour case discussion.