Spatial-Temporal Diversity of Extrachromosomal DNA Shapes Urothelial Carcinoma Evolution and Tumor-Immune Microenvironment.

Extrachromosomal DNA (ecDNA) presents a promising target for cancer therapy; however, its spatial-temporal diversity and influence on tumor evolution and the immune microenvironment remain largely unclear. We apply computational methods to analyze ecDNA from whole-genome sequencing data of 595 urothelial carcinoma (UC) patients. We demonstrate that ecDNA drives clonal evolution through structural rearrangements during malignant transformation and recurrence of UC.

PM constituent exposures and maternal circulatory homocysteine in early pregnancy.

Background: Elevated homocysteine (Hcy) is a pathogenic mechanism of adverse pregnancy outcomes and PM-induced cardiovascular diseases. We investigated the associations of fine particulate matter (PM) and chemical constituent exposures with maternal circulatory Hcy in early pregnancy.

Methods: Serum Hcy and 5-methyltetrahydrofolate in 324 women with pregnancy (162 normal early pregnancy [NEP] and 162 early pregnancy loss [EPL]) were measured by ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem triple quadrupole mass spectrometry.

Surface-engineered nanofiltration membranes for sustainable lithium recovery from real brine: Addressing fouling and scaling challenges.

Nanofiltration (NF) membranes hold great promise for lithium (Li) recovery from brines, with numerous studies focusing on improving Li/Mg separation performance. However, real brine environments pose significant challenges, as fouling and scaling severely hinder Li recovery efficiency. Despite their critical impact, these challenges have received limited attention.

Fecal microbiota transplantation restores gut microbiota diversity in children with active Crohn's disease: a prospective trial.

Background: Clinical data on oral fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT), a promising therapy for Crohn's disease (CD), are limited. Herein, we determined the short-term safety and feasibility of FMT for pediatric patients with active CD.

Methods: In this open-label, parallel-group, single-center prospective trial, patients with active CD were treated with oral FMT capsules combined with partial enteral nutrition (PEN) (80%).

Integrated Device for Cancer Nucleic Acid Biomarker Detection at Body Temperature.

The quantitative analysis of nucleic acid markers is extensively utilized in cancer detection. However, it faces significant challenges, such as the need for specialized detection devices and the inherent complexity of testing procedures. To address these issues, this study proposes a simplified, rapid, and user-friendly platform for cancer nucleic acid marker detection.

Histone lysine demethylase 5 regulates haemocyte proliferation during immune priming in the oyster Crassostreagigas.

Histone lysine demethylase 5 (KDM5) is a ketoglutarate-dependent dioxygenase in histone lysine demethylation, playing a vital role in immunological memory by modulating H3K4me3. Investigating on the role of invertebrate KDM5 in the immune priming, a novel form of immunological memory recently verified in invertebrates, will further our knowledge of epigenetic regulation for innate immune memory. In the present study, a KDM5A was identified in Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas, and its role in regulating haemocyte proliferation during immune priming was assessed.

Characterization of Microbial Carbon Metabolism in Karst Soils from Citrus Orchards and Analysis of Its Environmental Drivers.

Karst regions (KRs) have created significant karst carbon sinks globally through the carbon cycling process involving "water-carbon dioxide-carbonate rock-biota". Soil organic carbon (SOC) represents a crucial component of these carbon sinks. Microorganisms play a vital role in the soil carbon cycle, influencing the formation and preservation of SOC.

Controllable Growth of Thick-Layer Graphene or Graphite on Copper by Tuning Silicon Additives.

The synthesis of multilayer van der Waals (vdW) film materials has attracted considerable interest in both fundamental and applied research. Recently, methods for synthesizing multilayer graphene films or graphite on single-crystal nickel foils are developed. However, the chemical vapor deposition (CVD) synthesis of thick-layer graphene films or graphite (TLG) on copper substrates remains a significant challenge due to the self-limiting growth phenomenon.

Multi-omics analysis reveals the panoramic picture of TOP2A in pan-cancer.

Topoisomerases are critical nuclear enzymes that resolve DNA topological challenges during genetic processes. However, there is currently a lack of comprehensive multi-omics analysis of TOP2A from a pan-cancer perspective, despite its significance. A multiomics analysis was conducted to investigate TOP2A across various cancer types.

Multifunctional moisture-driven energy generator for intergation application and thermal-management.

The moisture-driven energy generator (MEG) represents an attractive clean energy strategy in hydropower and photovoltaic technologies. However, despite its potential, MEG still faces challenges in practical applications due to the limitations of single-mode power generation and insufficient output performance. An evaporation-driven dual-layer hydrogel MEG has been developed, which efficiently and stably harvests energy through the synergistic effect between water molecule evaporation and the ion concentration gradient.

Three-dimensional reconstruction of smoke aerosols based on simultaneous multi-view imaging and tomographic absorption spectroscopy.

Smoke aerosols are mixtures of fine particles suspended in the atmosphere. Based on the absorption or scattering of light by these particles, researchers have conducted extensive optical diagnostics studies of smoke aerosol morphology and behavior. However, conventional optical methodologies are restricted to two-dimensional (2D) or single-point measurements.

Integration of radiomic and deep features to reliably differentiate benign renal lesions from renal cell carcinoma.

Purpose: Accurate differentiation of benign renal lesions from renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is crucial for optimized management, particularly for small renal lesions (≤4 cm in diameter). This study aimed to integrate clinical data, radiomic features, and deep features to improve diagnostic performance in distinguishing benign renal lesions from RCC.

Methods: In this retrospective study, radiomic and deep scores were constructed using the AutoGluon-Tabular classifier based on radiomic and deep features extracted from the whole region of CT imaging.

Flow Cytometry-Based Isolation and Therapeutic Evaluation of Tumor-Infiltrating Lymphocytes in a Mouse Model of Pancreatic Cancer.

Pancreatic cancer is an aggressive malignancy with a dismal prognosis and limited therapeutic options. Adoptive cell therapy, which involves isolating and activating a patient's own immune cells, such as tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs), before re-infusing them, represents a promising experimental approach. However, techniques for adoptive cell transfer in preclinical pancreatic cancer models are not well established.

Segmental Resection with Ureteral Reimplantation Radical Nephroureterectomy with Bladder Cuff Removal for Urothelial Carcinoma of Distal Ureter: A Propensity Score Matching Study in a Large Chinese Center.

We aim to compare the clinical outcomes of radical nephroureterectomy with bladder cuff removal (RNU) and segmental resection with ureteral reimplantation (RR) in Chinese patients with distal ureteral urothelial carcinoma. A retrospective analysis of medical records was performed for 922 patients found to have distal ureteral cancer, defined as below the level of the iliac vessels, with 747 patients who underwent RNU and 175 who underwent RR included in the final analysis. The primary endpoints included clinical outcomes and changes in the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR).

Robot-Assisted Radical Prostatectomy Using the KangDuo Surgical Robot-1500: A Prospective, Multicenter, Single-Arm Clinical Study.

The KangDuo Surgical Robot-1500 (KD-SR-1500) is a newly developed surgical robot. We aim to evaluate the feasibility and efficiency of the KD-SR-1500 system for robot-assisted radical prostatectomy (RARP). This prospective, multicenter, single-arm clinical study was conducted among 18-75-year-old patients with suspected T1-2N0M0 prostate cancer scheduled for RARP.

Characterization and pathogenicity of a novel avian orthoreovirus in China.

Introduction: Avian orthoreovirus (ARV) is a significant pathogen causing viral arthritis, leading to substantial economic losses in the poultry industry worldwide.

Methods: A novel ARV strain, designated FJ202311, was isolated from a broiler farm in Fujian Province, China. Whole-genome sequencing was conducted using next-generation sequencing with MGI technology, and phylogenetic analysis of the sigma C amino acid sequence was performed.

Carbothermal Shock Synthesis of Lattice Oxygen-Mediated High-Entropy FeCoNiCuMo-O Electrocatalyst with a Fast Kinetic, High Efficiency, and Stable Oxygen Evolution Reaction.

Efficient oxygen evolution reaction (OER) catalysts with fast kinetics, high efficiency, and stability are essential for scalable green production of hydrogen. The rational design and fabrication of catalysts play a decisive role in their catalytic behavior. This work presents a high-entropy catalyst, FeCoNiCuMo-O, synthesized via carbothermal shock.

Robotic urologic surgery using the Toumai MT-1000 Endoscopic Surgical System: a single-center prospective analysis.

Background: The Toumai MT-1000 Endoscopic Surgical System is a newly developed surgical robot from China. This study evaluates its feasibility, safety, and effectiveness for various urologic procedures based on our single-center experience.

Methods: From October 2023 to January 2024, 20 urologic procedures were performed at Peking University First Hospital using the Toumai MT-1000 system.

Percutaneous endoscopic resection of a large fibroepithelial polyp in the renal pelvis using a resectoscope: a case report.

Background: Fibroepithelial polyp (FEP) in the renal pelvis is a rare benign tumor of the urinary tract. Treatment of such diseases varies from local resection to radical nephroureterectomy, either by open or endoscopic surgery. This study aims to show our successful experience in percutaneous endoscopic resection of FEP.

Moisture-Electric Generators Working in Subzero Environments Based on Laser-Engraved Hygroscopic Hydrogel Arrays.

Moisture-electric generators (MEGs) generate power by adsorbing water from the air. However, their performance at low temperatures is hindered due to icing. In the present work, MEG arrays are developed by laser engraving techniques and a modulated low-temperature hydrogel as the absorbent material.

In Situ Balanced Synthesis of High-Activity Low-Spin Iron Cathode Prussian Blue for Enhanced Sodium-Ion Storage.

The growing market for sodium-ion batteries has stimulated interest in research on Prussian blue-type cathode materials. Iron hexacyanoferrate (FeHCF) is considered a desirable Prussian blue-type cathode, but the incomplete electrochemical property of its low-spin iron sites hinders its further practical application. In this paper, carboxymethyl cellulose is demonstrated to have an appropriate binding energy through DFT calculations, synthesize Prussian blue in situ, balance Fe and water in FeHCF, and introduce Fe vacancies to activate low-spin Fe sites.

Relationship between BMI, indicators of lipid metabolism and diabetic neuropathy: a Mendelian randomization study.

Background: To identify the relationship between BMI or lipid metabolism and diabetic neuropathy using a Mendelian randomization (MR) study.

Methods: Body constitution-related phenotypes, namely BMI (kg/m), total cholesterol (TC), and triglyceride (TG), were investigated in this study. Despite the disparate origins of these data, all were accessible through the IEU OPEN GWAS database ( https://gwas.

Covalent integration of polymers and porous organic frameworks.

Covalent integration of polymers and porous organic frameworks (POFs), including metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), covalent organic frameworks (COFs) and hydrogen-bonded organic frameworks (HOFs), represent a promising strategy for overcoming the existing limitations of traditional porous materials. This integration allows for the combination of the advantages of polymers, i.e.