Reduced Carbon Dioxide by Overexpressing Transgene in Arabidopsis and Rice: Implications in Carbon Neutrality through Genetically Engineered Plants.

With the increasing challenges of climate change caused by global warming, the effective reduction of carbon dioxide (CO) becomes an urgent environmental issue for the sustainable development of human society. Previous reports indicated increased biomass in genetically engineered (GE) Arabidopsis and rice overexpressing the 5-enolpyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate synthase () gene, suggesting the possibility of consuming more carbon by GE plants. However, whether overexpressing the gene in GE plants consumes more CO remains a question.

Gonad Transcriptome Analysis of High-Temperature-Treated Females and High-Temperature-Induced Sex-Reversed Neomales in Nile Tilapia.

Background: Nowadays, the molecular mechanisms governing TSD (temperature-dependent sex determination) or GSD + TE (genotypic sex determination + temperature effects) remain a mystery in fish.

Methods: We developed three all-female families of Nile tilapia (), and the family with the highest male ratio after high-temperature treatment was used for transcriptome analysis.

Results: First, gonadal histology analysis indicated that the histological morphology of control females (CF) was not significantly different from that of high-temperature-treated females (TF) at various development stages.

Epigenetic control of cyp19a1a expression is critical for high temperature induced Nile tilapia masculinization.

In fish species with temperature-dependent sex determination (TSD) or genotypic sex determination plus temperature effects (GSD + TE), temperature can either affect sex differentiation or determine the sex. However, it is unknown if epigenetic control of cyp19a1a expression is critical for high temperature induced masculinization in the freshwater fish Nile tilapia. We analyzed the cyp19a1a DNA methylation levels in three age groups and found that they were lower in females than in males.

Global DNA Methylation Changes in Nile Tilapia Gonads during High Temperature-Induced Masculinization.

In some fish species, high or low temperature can switch the sex determination mechanisms and induce fish sex reversal when the gonads are undifferentiated. During this high or low temperature-induced sex reversal, the expressions of many genes are altered. However, genome-wide DNA methylation changes in fish gonads after high or low temperature treatment are unclear.