Morphological and molecular characteristics of swine coccidia based on single oocyst isolation.

Swine coccidiosis is a host-specific protozoan disease caused by Cystoisospora suis and various Eimeria species, leading to diarrhea or subclinical signs in pigs. In this study, 3296 fecal samples from 55 farms across six provinces in China were collected and examined to determine the prevalence and molecular characteristics of swine coccidia. The single oocyst isolation technique (SOIT) and molecular characterization identified nine coccidian species, with an overall infection prevalence of 13.

Association between type 2 diabetes mellitus and Klebsiella pneumoniae colonization: construction of nomogram model.

Objective: To investigate the association between the basic and clinical characteristics of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and their susceptibility to Klebsiella pneumoniae colonization (KPC). Additionally, a clinical prediction model was developed to identify high-risk patients for KPC.

Methods: Data from 486 T2DM patients who visited Shanghai Fifth People's Hospital from December 2020 to December 2022 were retrospectively collected.

Sildenafil Attenuates Persistent Pulmonary Hypertension of the Newborn via Inhibiting the Growth and Migration of Pulmonary Artery Smooth Muscle Cells.

Introduction: Sildenafil, a selective phosphodiesterase 5 inhibitor, modulates vascular dysfunction, with hypoxia-induced pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (PASMCs) proliferation, migration, and invasion closely implicated in vascular remodeling in persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn (PPHN). This study aimed to assess sildenafil's protective effects against PPHN and elucidate underlying molecular pathways.

Methods: Cell Counting Kit-8, wound healing, and Transwell assays evaluated rat PASMC proliferation, migration, and invasion under hypoxia.

Phase-dependent Hanbury-Brown and Twiss effect for the complete measurement of the complex coherence function.

Hanbury-Brown and Twiss (HBT) effect is the foundation for stellar intensity interferometry. However, it is a phase insensitive two-photon interference effect. Here we extend the HBT interferometer by mixing intensity-matched reference fields with the input fields before intensity correlation measurement.

Genome-wide identification of UDP-glycosyltransferases involved in flavonol glycosylation induced by UV-B irradiation in Eriobotrya japonica.

Flavonol glycosides are secondary metabolites important for plant development and stress defense such as UV-B irradiation. UDP-glycosyltransferase (UGT) catalyzes the last step in the biosynthesis of flavonol glycosides. Eriobotrya japonica is abundant in flavonol glycosides, but UGTs responsible for accumulation of flavonol glycosides remain unknown.

Abdominal pain as a novel manifestation in children with PCDH19-related epilepsy: A case report.

Rationale: PCDH19-related epilepsy manifested various clinical features, including febrile epilepsy, with or without intellectual disability, and psych-behavioral disorders. However, there are few studies demonstrating abdominal pain as the first symptom.

Patient Concerns: A 3-year-old Chinese girl presented with clustered seizures of fever sensitivity accompanied by abdominal pain.

Association between dietary patterns and chronic kidney disease in elderly patients with type 2 diabetes: a community-based cross-sectional study.

Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is prevalent among elderly patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The association between dietary patterns and CKD in elderly T2DM patients remains understudied. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between dietary patterns and CKD in elderly Chinese patients with T2DM.

Shh Protects the Injured Spinal Cord in Mice by Promoting the Proliferation and Inhibiting the Apoptosis of Nerve Cells via the Gli1-TGF-β1/ERK Axis.

Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a common neurological trauma that cannot be completely cured with surgical techniques and medications. In this study, we established a mouse SCI model and used an adeno-associated virus (AAV) to achieve the high expression of sonic hedgehog (Shh) at the injury site to further investigate the therapeutic effect and mechanism of Shh on SCI. The results of the present study show that Shh may promote motor function recovery.

Inhibiting autophagy selectively prunes dysfunctional tumor vessels and optimizes the tumor immune microenvironment.

Dysfunctional tumor vasculature, hypoxia, and an immunosuppressive microenvironment are significant barriers to effective cancer therapy. Autophagy, which is critical for maintaining cellular homeostasis and apoptosis resistance, is primarily triggered by hypoxia and nutrient deprivation, conditions prevalent in dysfunctional tumor vessels due to poor circulation. However, the role of autophagy in dysfunctional tumor endothelial cells and its impact on treatment and the tumor microenvironment (TME) remain poorly understood.

Worldwide patterns and trends in ovarian cancer incidence by histological subtype: a population-based analysis from 1988 to 2017.

Background: Ovarian cancer (OC) is a heterogeneous malignancy with multiple histological subtypes, showing global variability in incidence. Temporal changes in diagnostic criteria and risk factors might influence the incidence and distribution of OC and its subtypes.

Methods: This study analyzed incidence patterns (2013-2017) and trends (1988-1992 to 2013-2017) of OC and its subtypes across 65 and 40 countries, respectively.

Effects of dichlorobenzene, toluene, benzene and formaldehyde chemicals on Drosophila melanogaster mortality.

Environmental exposures to volatile organic compound (VOC) mixtures have received increasing attention, yet the risks are under studied. This study aimed to explore the risks of combined exposures to several commonly detected VOCs and to draw attention to the necessity of studying long-term and low-concentration environmental exposure patterns. In this study, we examined the effects of long-term and low-concentration exposures to VOCs like 1,2-dichlorobenzene, benzene, toluene and formaldehyde either alone or in combination on D.

Proteomics for Biomarker Discovery in Gynecological Cancers: A Systematic Review.

The present study aims to summarize the current biomarker landscape in gynecological cancers (GCs) and incorporate bioinformatics analysis to highlight specific biological processes. The literature was retrieved from PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, Scopus, Ovid Medline, and Cochrane Library. The final search was conducted on December 7, 2022.

A novel major QTL underlying grain copper concentration in common wheat (Triticum aestivum L.).

Grain copper (Cu) concentrations represent a qualitative trait mainly controlled by genetic factors, which may differ between wheat varieties from the Sichuan Basin of China and other areas. However, the differences are poorly understood. Here, we investigated the grain Cu concentration in a remaining heterozygous line population derived from a multiparental recombinant inbred line.

Licochalcone a: A promising antiparasitic drug against giardiasis.

Giardiasis, caused by Giardia duodenalis, is a prevalent and significant zoonotic disease. While nitroimidazole drugs are primarily used to treat giardiasis, the urgent need for the development and formulation of new drugs has arisen due to increasing drug resistance. Several plant derived medicine have been employed as antiparasitic drugs.

Partial Stereotactic Ablative Radiotherapy Boost Before Conventional Radiotherapy (P-SABR) for Large (> 5 cm) Unresectable Stage III Nonsmall Cell Lung Cancer.

Objective: Stereotactic ablative radiotherapy (SABR) is renowned for its high local control (LC) rates. Nonetheless, for tumors that are either large in volume or in close proximity to critical organs at risk, the application of SABR to the entire tumor becomes impractical. This study aims to evaluate the efficacy and safety of partial SABR boost before conventional radiotherapy (P-SABR) for the treatment of large (> 5 cm) unresectable stage III nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC).

Impacts of wind forcing on microplastics kinematic in a sensitive water area.

Microplastics (MPs) have been found in different environmental department globally, and the threat to organisms posed by MPs is also widely recognized. Kinematic characteristics of low-density fiber MPs in Poyang Lake under different due-south wind were calculated by combining hydrodynamic model with particle tracking model in this study. Poyang Lake is divided into north lake and south lake for study based on its topographic and hydrodynamic characteristics, and the results are as follows: the critical wind speeds causing vertical mixing of MPs in the water column ranges from 6 to 9 m·s in the north lake, while it is >9 m·s in the south lake, and the MPs beaching rate decreases by 7.

Effects of fermented tea by Aspergillus cristatus on the characteristic aroma and non-volatile components of Jiang-flavor baijiu.

Background: Fu Brick tea (FBT) extract has been demonstrated to lower blood lipids, protect liver, and prevent obesity. Despite these benefits, there are no products on the market that combine FBT with other foods or beverages.

Result: In this study, we developed a novel product by combining FBT with high-alcohol Jiang-flavor baijiu, resulting in FBT-baijiu.

HucMSCs can alleviate abnormal vasculogenesis induced by high glucose through the MAPK signaling pathway.

Vascular complications caused by diabetes mellitus contribute a major threat to increased disability and mortality of diabetic patients, which are characterized by damaged endothelial cells and angiogenesis. Human umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hucMSCs) have been demonstrated to alleviate endothelial cell damage and improve angiogenesis. However, these investigations overlooked the pivotal role of vasculogenesis.

Prevalence of blood-borne virus infections and uptake of hepatitis C testing and treatment in Australian prisons: the AusHep study.

Background: Incarcerated people are at high risk of blood-borne virus infections, particularly HCV, and a priority population for elimination efforts. This national bio-behavioural survey evaluated blood-borne virus prevalence and HCV testing-and-treatment uptake amongst people in Australian prisons.

Methods: Randomly-selected participants from 23 representative prisons nationally were offered point-of-care testing for HIV and HCV (anti-HCV) antibodies, hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg), and HCV RNA (if anti-HCV positive).

[Machine Learning-based Dissolved Oxygen Prediction Modeling and Evaluation in the Yangtze River Estuary].

Dissolved oxygen （DO） serves as a pivotal indicator, mirroring the intrinsic self-purification capacity of aquatic ecosystems and the overarching quality of the water environment. In the context of the Yangtze Estuary, a crucial hub for biodiversity and economic activities in China, understanding and forecasting levels of DO is instrumental for effective environmental stewardship and management strategies. Considering this, the introduction of sophisticated machine learning algorithms into the monitoring and predictive analytics of dissolved oxygen levels represents an important stride toward leveraging the power of data-driven insights for environmental sustainability.

End-point RPA-CRISPR/Cas12a-based detection of Enterocytozoon bieneusi nucleic acid: rapid, sensitive and specific.

Enterocytozoon bieneusi is a common species of microsporidia that infects humans and animals. Current methods for detecting E. bieneusi infections have trade-offs in sensitivity, specificity, simplicity, cost and speed and are thus unacceptable for clinical application.

Optical genome mapping reveals maternal mosaicism in two Sibling cases of Early-Onset Facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy type 1.

Background: Facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy (FSHD) is an autosomal dominant condition caused by shortened D4Z4 repeat units in the subtelomeric region of 4q35, always on the 4qA haplotype, or due to variants in the SMCHD1 gene leading to hypomethylation of the D4Z4 macrosatellite DNA repeats.

Methods: To explore the potential genetic basis for suspected FSHD presenting with early onset in two siblings without evident family history of the disorder, whole genome sequencing (WGS) and optical genome mapping (OGM) were conducted on the affected individuals and their parents.

Results: The two siblings manifested severe and early-onset clinical features consistent with FSHD, initiating with facial muscle weakness that progressively spread downward since the age of four months.