Advances on the Role of Lung Macrophages in the Pathogenesis of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease in the Era of Single-Cell Genomics.

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is a heterogeneous respiratory disorder characterized by persistent airflow limitation. The diverse pathogenic mechanisms underlying COPD progression remain incompletely understood. Macrophages, serving as the most representative immune cells in the respiratory tract, constitute the first line of innate immune defense and maintain pulmonary immunological homeostasis.

Genetic dissection of flag leaf morphology traits and fine mapping of a novel QTL (Qflw.sxau-6BL) in bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.).

Total 60-QRC for FLM traits were detected by meta-genomics analysis, nine major and stable QTL identified by DH population and validated, and a novel QTL  Qflw.sxau-6BL was fine mapped. The flag leaf is an "ideotypic" morphological trait providing photosynthetic assimilates in wheat.

The impact of informatization development on healthcare services in China.

China faces substantial challenges in healthcare access and quality, marked by significant regional disparities. While the potential of informatization to enhance healthcare services is increasingly acknowledged, the specific mechanisms through which it impacts healthcare delivery remain underexplored. By employing provincial panel data and dynamic spatial panel models, we aim to uncover the mechanisms through which informatization impacts healthcare delivery.

Self-Reported Symptoms of Obstructive Sleep Apnea are Associated with Increased Risk of Kidney Stones: A Cross-Sectional Study from NHANES 2015-2020.

Objective: To investigate whether self-reported symptoms of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), including snoring, snorting/stopping breathing, and sleepiness, are associated with increased risk of kidney stones.

Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted based on the 2015-2020 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). Self-reported symptoms of OSA and history of kidney stones were diagnosed via questionnaires.

The Mitochondrial Fusion Promoter M1 Mitigates Cigarette Smoke-Induced Airway Inflammation and Oxidative Stress via the PI3K-AKT Signaling Pathway.

Purpose: This study investigated the efficacy and underlying mechanism of the mitochondrial fusion promoter M1 in mitigating cigarette smoking (CS)-induced airway inflammation and oxidative stress both in vitro and in vivo models.

Methods: Cigarette smoke extract (CSE)-treated airway epithelial cells (BEAS-2B) and CS-exposed mice were pretreated with M1, followed by the measurement of proinflammatory cytokines, oxidative stress, mitochondrial fusion proteins (MFN2 and OPA1) and fission proteins (DRP1 and MFF). Molecular pathways were elucidated through transcriptomic analysis and Western blotting.

Spleen tyrosine kinase inhibition mitigates radiation-induced lung injury through anti-inflammatory effects and downregulation of p38 MAPK and p53.

Background: To explore new modulatory intervention targets for radiation-induced lung injury, bioinformatics analysis technology was used to search for the core driving genes in the pathogenesis of radiation pneumonitis, and the results were verified by a radiation-induced murine lung injury model to find possible new targets for the treatment of radiation lung injury.

Method: Gene Expression Omnibus Database was used to identify differentially expressed genes in radiation pneumonitis. DAVID database was used for gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genome (KEGG) enrichment analysis.

Biological functions and pharmacological behaviors of bile acids in metabolic diseases.

Background: Bile acids, synthesized endogenously from cholesterol, play a central role in metabolic regulation within the enterohepatic circulatory system. Traditionally known as emulsifying agents that facilitate the intestinal absorption of vitamins and lipids, recent research reveals their function as multifaceted signal modulators involved in various physiological processes. These molecules are now recognized as key regulators of chronic metabolic diseases and immune dysfunction.

Imaging and clinical manifestations of hematogenous dissemination in melioidosis.

Background: Although there is a high incidence of hematogenous infections in melioidosis, a tropical infectious disease, there are few systematic analyses of hematogenous melioidosis in imaging articles. A comprehensive clinical and imaging evaluation of hematogenous melioidosis be conducted in order to achieve early diagnosis of the disease.

Materials And Methods: We conducted an analysis of 111 cases of melioidosis diagnosed by bacteriological culture between August 2001 and September 2022.

Radiofrequency Ablation Eustachian Tuboplasty for the Treatment of Chronic Otitis Media with Effusion and Premature Extrusion of the Tympanostomy Tube.

This study evaluated the effects of radiofrequency ablation (RFA) eustachian tuboplasty on the treatment of chronic otitis media with effusion (COME), and associated complications, in patients with premature extrusion of the tympanostomy tube (TT). Tuboplasty and T-tube reinsertion were performed in 23 ears with COME, a history of premature TT extrusion, and thickened mucus. Tube retention, perforation closure, hearing improvement, and complications were evaluated.

Enhanced Systemic and Mucosal Immune Responses to by Intranasal Administration of Lactic-Co-Glycolic Acid Microspheres.

Swine Glasser's disease, instigated by (), is a significant bacterial infection that causes substantial economic losses in pig farming operations. The role of mucosal immunity is pivotal in defending against . This study focused on the construction of PLGA microspheres that encapsulate the outer membrane protein OMP16 from (PLGA-OMP16) and evaluated their immunological effectiveness in a mouse model.

Machine learning-derived peripheral blood transcriptomic biomarkers for early lung cancer diagnosis: Unveiling tumor-immune interaction mechanisms.

Lung cancer continues to be the leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide. Early detection and a comprehensive understanding of tumor-immune interactions are crucial for improving patient outcomes. This study aimed to develop a novel biomarker panel utilizing peripheral blood transcriptomics and machine learning algorithms for early lung cancer diagnosis, while simultaneously providing insights into tumor-immune crosstalk mechanisms.

Clinical Value of Impulse Oscillometry in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Introduction: Impulse oscillometry (IOS) is an effortless test compared to spirometry. Numerous studies explored the role of IOS in spirometry-based chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), but most of them had limited sample sizes with poor statistical power. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to pool the individual data and quantitatively analyze the clinical value of IOS in COPD.

Novel Eu-activated CaGaGeO red-emitting phosphors with high quantum efficiency for plant growth lighting and white LEDs.

In recent years, rare-earth-based phosphors for near-ultraviolet (NUV)-triggered white light emitting diodes (w-LEDs) have become a research hotspot. However, it is still not possible to obtain phosphors with high quantum yield, excellent color purity and multiple applications. Hence, a series of novel Eu-activated CaGaGeO (CGG) red-emitting phosphors with high quantum efficiency, excellent color purity and good thermal stability were prepared by a high-temperature solid-phase method.

Effect of Low Dose Glucocorticoid Inhalation on Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia in Premature Infants.

The aim of the study was to explore the effect of low dose glucocorticoid on bronchopulmonary dysplasia in premature infants, to provide new ideas for clinical prevention and cure of bronchopulmonary dysplasia in premature infants. The 144 cases of premature infants were divided into 72 each: control group and experimental group. Control group received routine clinical prevention and cure, while experimental group was received low dose glucocorticoid on the basis of control group.

Environmental simulation and refrigeration demand analysis for shield tunnel construction in hot summer and cold winter regions.

The thermal hazards generated during the tunnel boring machine construction process significantly impact the physical and mental health of personnel. A field test was conducted on the tunnel of Metro Line 1 in Changsha, China, where the average temperature in the work zone reached up to 33.16 °C, and the air velocity was generally below 0.

Quantitative Trait Loci Mapping of Heading Date in Wheat under Phosphorus Stress Conditions.

Wheat ( L.) is a crucial cereal crop, contributing around 20% of global caloric intake. However, challenges such as diminishing arable land, water shortages, and climate change threaten wheat production, making yield enhancement crucial for global food security.

Endoscopic Cartilage Myringoplasty with Anterior Margin Preservation for Repairing Large Anterior Perforations.

This study compared the graft outcomes and complications of endoscopic cartilage inlay myringoplasty with preservation of anterior margins (IPAM) and the cartilage underlay technique with raising the tympanomeatal flap (CUTF) for repairing large anterior perforations. In total, 55 patients with large anterior perforations were recruited and allocated to the IPAM (n = 28) or the CUTF (n = 27) group. The graft success rate, hearing gain, operation time, and postoperative complications were compared between the groups at 12 months.

Prevalence, mortality and risk factors for self-reported COPD among smokers and never smokers, NHANES 1999-2018.

Introduction: Cigarette smoke is the main risk factor for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), but 25% to 50% of cases occur in non-smokers. In the US, limited recent national data compare COPD prevalence between smokers and never smokers. Furthermore, our study seeks to explore the prevalence and mortality of self-reported COPD among smokers (including current smokers and ex-smokers) and never smokers in the US from 1999 to 2018, and to identify the risk factors and differences.

Personalized selection of unequal sub-arc collimator angles in VMAT for multiple brain metastases.

Purpose: Investigating the effects of unequal sub-arc personalized collimator angle selection on the quality of Volumetric Modulated Arc Therapy (VMAT) plans for treating multiple brain metastases.

Methods: This study included 21 patients, each with 2-4 target volumes of multiple brain metastases. Two stereotactic radiotherapy (SRT) approaches were utilized: sub-arc collimator VMAT (SAC-VMAT) and fixed collimator VMAT (FC-VMAT).

Bioactive Polysaccharides from : Preparation, Structures, and Therapeutic Insights.

, a red seaweed, is an abundant source of bioactive polysaccharides with significant health-promoting properties. Nevertheless, the broad application of in the nutraceutical and pharmaceutical sectors remains constrained due to the absence of comprehensive data. This review provides a detailed examination of the preparation methods, structural characteristics, and biological activities of polysaccharides (GLPs).

Critical role of apoptosis in MeCP2-mediated epithelial-mesenchymal transition of ARPE-19 cells.

Proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR) is a complex disease that significantly contributes to recurrent retinal detachment. Its development is notably affected by epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), where apoptosis plays a crucial role as a regulator of EMT. However, the function of MeCP2 in governing apoptosis and EMT in retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells and its implications for PVR development have remained inadequately understood.