Progress of 2D Perovskite Solar Cells: Structure and Performance.

2D perovskite has demonstrated great potential for application in photovoltaic devices due to the tunable energy bands, suppressed ion migration, and high stability. However, 2D perovskite solar cells (PSCs) display suboptimal efficiency in comparison to 3D perovskite solar cells, which can be attributed to the quantum confinement and dielectric confinement effects resulting from the intercalation of organic spacer cations into the perovskite lattice. This review starts with the fundamental structural characteristics, optoelectronic properties, and carrier transport dynamics of 2D PSCs, followed by the discussion of approaches to improve the photovoltaic performance of 2D PSCs, including the manipulation of crystal orientation, phase distribution, pure phase, organic layer, and device engineering.

Twenty years of anastomotic stenosis combined with tracheocolonic fistula after colon replacement esophagectomy: a case report.

Esophageal stricture is the most common and disabling complication of esophageal injury caused by ingestion of corrosive substances. In our case, the patient developed esophageal stenosis due to ingestion of strong alkaline substances and underwent colon replacement surgery after repeated failed dilation treatments. After surgery, anastomotic stenosis and tracheocolonic fistula occurred successively, and the entire diagnosis and treatment cycle of this disease lasted for more than 20 years.

Balancing the Functionality and Biocompatibility of Materials with a Deep-Learning-Based Inverse Design Framework.

The rational design of molecules with the desired functionality presents a significant challenge in chemistry. Moreover, it is worth noting that making chemicals safe and sustainable is crucial to bringing them to the market. To address this, we propose a novel deep learning framework developed explicitly for inverse design of molecules with both functionality and biocompatibility.

Development of a visual immunosensing platform based on fluorescent microspheres for the rapid detection of ochratoxins in cereals.

Ochratoxins (OTs, including OTA, OTB, and OTC), exhibit nephrotoxicity, carcinogenicity, teratogenicity, and immunotoxicity, contaminating wheat, maize, and rice, so endangering human health. In this study, we designed and screened haptens using computational chemistry to prepare mAb 4G11, which simultaneously recognized OTA, OTB, and OTC with high sensitivity and specificity. We developed a fluorescent microsphere immunochromatographic assay (FMIA), which could detect the total amount of OTs with a visual detection limit of 0.

Advanced Mass-Spectra-Based Machine Learning for Predicting the Toxicity of Traditional Chinese Medicines.

Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has been a cornerstone of health care for centuries, valued for its preventive and therapeutic properties. However, recent decades have revealed significant toxicological concerns associated with TCMs due to their complex chemical compositions. Traditional QSAR (quantitative structure-activity relationships) models, which predict toxicity based on chemical structures, face challenges with the intricate nature of TCM compounds.

Revealing an unprecedented diversity of episymbiotic Saccharibacteria in a high-quality genome collection.

The episymbiotic Candidatus Saccharibacteria is the most studied lineage of candidate phyla radiation. Living an epiparasitic lifestyle, Saccharibacteria might be associated with human mucosal diseases by modulating the structure of the oral microbiome through interactions with host bacteria. However, the knowledge of Saccharibacterial genomic diversity and the potential underlying their adaptation to a wide range of habitats remains limited.

Construction of flexible porous 3D biochar based on electrospun rice straw-derived cellulose acetate with excellent adsorption properties toward organic pollutants.

Cellulose was extracted from rice straw waste by the intergrated technique of CHOH/HO, dilute alkali treatment and HO bleaching process, and rice straw-derived cellulose acetate was obtained by the acetylation reaction of cellulose. Flexible porous 3D biochars were constructed by the electrospinning, NaBH foaming and calcination process. Effects of calcination temperature, adsorption time, pH, pollutant concentration, interfering anions, and cycle times on the adsorption performance of 3D biochar were systematically investigated.

Fibroblast growth factor receptor risk signature predicts patient prognosis and immunotherapy resistance in colorectal cancer.

Background: Fibroblast Growth Factor Receptor (FGFR) signaling is linked with tumor progression and tumor immunoevasion, yet the potential effect of FGFR signature on the prognosis of patient with colorectal cancer (CRC) and response to immune therapy remains elusive.

Methods: The fibroblast growth factor receptor risk signature (FRS) was identified through single-cell RNA sequencing, bulk RNA sequencing, and machine learning techniques. Signaling enrichment analyses were conducted using Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) and the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG).

Discovery of 4-(2-Phenylethynyl) benzoic Acid as a Potential Potent Chemical Pruner.

Rocketing labor cost is a major challenge threatening agricultural sustainability and food security worldwide. The replacement of manual pruning of horticultural plants with chemical pruning has long been a goal for saving cost and reducing virus spreading. Here, guided by the structure-function relationship of allelochemical benzoic acid derivatives, we have identified 4-(2-phenylethynyl)-benzoicacid (PEBA) as a highly bioactive compound.

Lipid nanosystems for fatty liver therapy and targeted medication delivery: a comprehensive review.

Fatty liver is considered to be the most common chronic liver disease with a high global incidence, which can lead to cirrhosis and liver cancer in severe cases, and there is no specific drug for the treatment of fatty liver in the clinic. The use of lipid nanosystems has the potential to be an effective means of fatty liver treatment. The pathogenesis and intervening factors associated with the development of fatty liver are reviewed, and the advantages and the disadvantages of different lipid nanosystems for the treatment of fatty liver are comprehensively discussed, including liposomes, solid lipid nanoparticles, nanostructured lipid carriers, nanoemulsions, microemulsions, and phospholipid complexes.

In vitro and in vivo evaluation of novel ursolic acid derivatives as potential antibacterial agents against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA).

The misuse and abuse of antibiotics have led to the increase of drug resistance and the emergence of multi-drug resistant bacteria. Therefore, it is an urgent need to develop novel antimicrobial agents to address this problem. Natural products (NPs) could provide an effective strategy for the discovery of drug due to their wide range of source and biological activities.

The nanocrystal-loaded liposome of tanshinone IIA with high drug loading and stability towards efficient liver fibrosis reversion.

Tanshinone IIA (TSIIA) is a lipid-soluble pharmacological constituent extracted from the Salvia miltiorrhiza with anti-hepatic fibrosis properties. However, its clinical use has been limited due to its poor water solubility and oral bioavailability. In this paper, we constructed a drug delivery system consisting of a drug nanocrystal core and a liposome shell: TSIIA nanocrystals@liposome (TNC@Lipo).

Plant microbiome technology for sustainable agriculture.

Plants establish specific interactions with microorganisms, which are vital for promoting growth and resilience. Although advancements in microbiome modulation technologies show great potential for sustainable agriculture, several challenges have hindered the wider application of plant microbiomes in the field. These challenges may include inconsistent microbial colonization, competition with native microbiota, and environmental variability.

Pickering Emulsion of Curcumin Stabilized by Cellulose Nanocrystals/Chitosan Oligosaccharide: Effect in Promoting Wound Healing.

The stabilization of droplets in Pickering emulsions using solid particles has garnered significant attention through various methods. Cellulose and chitin derivatives in nature offer a sustainable source of Pickering emulsion stabilizers. In this study, medium-chain triglycerides were used as the oil phase for the preparation of emulsion.

Long Noncoding RNA lncRNA-3 Recruits PRC2 for MyoD1 Silencing to Suppress Muscle Regeneration During Aging.

Lowered muscle regenerative capacity in the elderly greatly contributes to the development of multiple diseases. The specific roles of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) in muscle regenerative capacity during aging remain unknown. Here, we identify an elevated lncRNA (lncRNA-3), in association with reduced MyoD expression and suppressed muscle regenerative capacity, in the skeletal muscle of aged mice.

Activation of peroxymonosulfate over recyclable CoO/rice straw lignin-based carbon fiber flexible membrane for the degradation of organic pollutants.

Heterogeneous composite catalysts have gained significant attention in recent years due to their cleanliness, high efficiency, and stable performance. However, the difficulty of recovery and high cost have always limited the development of heterogeneous composite catalysts. Herein, flexible lignin-based carbon fiber (LCF) membranes with easy recovery and low cost were prepared by electrospinning and carbonization using rice straw lignin waste and polyacrylonitrile (PAN).

Negative pressure assisted rubbing suction technique for the treatment of axillary osmidrosis based on minimally invasive principle.

Background: Axillary Osmidrosis is highly prevalent and occurr in adolescents, bilateral onset, its pathogenesis is related to abnormal secretion function of apocrine glands, with a significant genetic predisposition, the patient's bilateral armpit area can smell a spicy pungent odor, although it does not affect the health, but it is inconvenient to life, socialize. Patients are often accompanied by low self-esteem and urgently require treatment, and most of them have the requirement of minimally invasive treatment and minimal scarring.

Method: In this study, we aimed to evaluate the efficacy of minimally invasive treatment of axillary osmidrosis with refined negative pressure-assisted rubbing suction technique.

Microbe-aided thermophilic composting accelerates manure fermentation.

Aerobic composting is a key strategy to the sustainable use of livestock manure, which is however constrained by the slow kinetics. Microbe-aided thermophilic composting provides an attractive solution to this problem. In this study, we identified key thermophilic bacteria capable of accelerating manure composting based on the deciphering of manure bacterial community evolution in a thermophilic system.

Target-Engineered Liposomes Decorated with Nanozymes Alleviate Liver Fibrosis by Remodeling the Liver Microenvironment.

Liver fibrosis is a pathological repair response that occurs after sustained liver damage, and prompt intervention is necessary to prevent liver fibrosis from developing into a potentially life-threatening condition. In long-term liver injury, damaged hepatocytes produce excessive amounts of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which activate hepatic stellate cells (HSCs). This activation leads to excessive accumulation of extracellular matrix proteins in liver tissue.

Facile electrospinning-electrospray method to fabricate flexible rice straw-derived cellulose acetate/TiO nanofibrous membrane with excellent photocatalytic performance.

A novel and facile electrospinning-electrospray (EE) method that based on electrospinning technique and simultaneous electrospray was proposed to anchor TiO (P25) nanoparticles on the surface of rice straw-derived cellulose acetate (CA) nanofiber, a series of EE-CA/P25 nanofibrous membranes with different P25 dosage were successfully fabricated, which were characterized in terms of SEM, TEM, FI-IR, XRD, DRS, PL, UV-vis and 3D-EMMs, etc. Results confirmed that P25 nanoparticles were anchored on the surface of CA nanofiber. For different organic dyes of Methylene blue (MB), Rhodamine B (RhB) and Methyl orange (MO), EE-CA/P25 nanofibrous membrane toward MB dye showed the best photocatalytic degradation efficiency of 99.

Exploring protein natural diversity in environmental microbiomes with DeepMetagenome.

Protein natural diversity offers a vast sequence space for protein engineering, and deep learning enables its detection from metagenomes/proteomes without prior assumptions. DeepMetagenome, a Python-based method, explores protein diversity through modules for training and analyzing sequence datasets. The deep learning model includes Embedding, Conv1D, LSTM, and Dense layers, with sequence feature analysis for data cleaning.

Selenic Acid Etching Assisted Atomic Engineering for Designing Metal-Semimetal Dual Single-Atom Catalysts for Enhanced CO Electroreduction.

Single-atom catalysts are promising for electrocatalytic CO conversion but face challenges in controllable syntheses. Herein, a facile selenic acid etching-assisted strategy has been developed to fabricate a hybrid metal-semimetal dual single-atom catalyst for electrocatalytic CO reduction. This strategy enables the simultaneous generation of monodisperse active sites and hierarchical morphologies with hollow nanostructures.

Tucidinostat plus pediatric-inspired chemotherapy for newly diagnosed adult ETP-ALL/LBL: a single-arm, phase 2 trial.

Early T-cell precursor lymphoblastic leukemia/lymphoma (ETP-ALL/LBL) is a distinct subtype of T-ALL/LBL, characterized by a poor response to initial chemotherapy, a high relapse rate, and an inferior outcome. The treatment options for ETP-ALL/LBL are currently limited, and there are no reported clinical trials available for ETP-ALL/LBL. From June 2018 to June 2022, we conducted a single-arm, single-center, phase 2 trial (NCT03553238) in newly diagnosed ETP-ALL/LBL (age 14-55).