Age-related impact of phenobarbital in suppressing prenatal alcohol exposure-related seizures in developing rats.

Prenatal alcohol exposure (PAE) during pregnancy can increase the prevalence of N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA)-induced generalized tonic-clonic seizures (GTCSs) in developing rats. However, it is unclear whether phenobarbital (PB) can suppress these PAE-related seizures. To explore this knowledge gap, we investigated the effects of acute PB treatment on NMDA-induced seizures in postpartum rats, prenatally exposed to alcohol on gestational day 18 (GD18), at two developmental stages: day 7 (P7), the equivalent of pre-term neonates, and day 15 (P15), the equivalent of full-term neonates.

Toward Zero Static Friction at the Microscale.

Static friction, a ubiquitous physical phenomenon, plays a significant role in natural processes and industrial applications. Its influence is particularly notable in the field of controlled micromanipulation and precision manufacturing, where static friction often exceeds kinetic friction and leads to material damage and unpredictable behaviors. In this study, we report the first experimental observation of the elimination of static friction peak in sliding micrometer contacts of layered materials, achieved through a technique involving selective etching of the amorphous edges of single crystalline surfaces.

Interrater reliability of RheuMetric checklist scales for physician global assessment, inflammation, damage and patient distress.

Objective: To analyse interrater reliability of four RheuMetric checklist 0-10 visual numerical scales (VNSs) of physician global assessment (DOCGL), inflammation or reversible findings (DOCINF), organ damage or irreversible findings (DOCDAM) and patient distress or findings explained by fibromyalgia, depression or anxiety (DOCDIS).

Methods: A retrospective study was performed of data from a rheumatology fellows' continuity clinic at Rush University. Each rheumatology patient seen in routine care with any diagnosis completed a multidimensional health assessment questionnaire (MDHAQ).

Mapping rare protein-coding variants on multi-organ imaging traits.

Human organ structure and function are important endophenotypes for clinical outcomes. Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified numerous common variants associated with phenotypes derived from magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the brain and body. However, the role of rare protein-coding variations affecting organ size and function is largely unknown.

Replay-Based Incremental Learning Framework for Gesture Recognition Overcoming the Time-Varying Characteristics of sEMG Signals.

Gesture recognition techniques based on surface electromyography (sEMG) signals face instability problems caused by electrode displacement and the time-varying characteristics of the signals in cross-time applications. This study proposes an incremental learning framework based on densely connected convolutional networks (DenseNet) to capture non-synchronous data features and overcome catastrophic forgetting by constructing replay datasets that store data with different time spans and jointly participate in model training. The results show that, after multiple increments, the framework achieves an average recognition rate of 96.

Detecting the Conduction Property of Proton Carriers at Different Relative Humidity Based on Postsynthetic MOF Nanosheets.

Exploring the transfer ability of proton carriers at different relative humidity (RH) is vital for the rational design and development of high-performance proton exchange membranes (PEMs). However, the highly humidity-dependent transfer channel and random carrier distribution disqualify most membrane materials. Herein, a series of MIL-53 metal-organic framework (MOF) nanosheets with stable, quantifiable pore structures and different conducting groups are prepared through postsynthetic ligand exchange, followed by spin coating to assemble lamellar membranes.

A Multifunctional Cobalt-Containing Implant for Treating Biofilm Infections and Promoting Osteointegration in Infected Bone Defects Through Macrophage-Mediated Immunomodulation.

Treating bone infections and ensuring bone recovery is one of the major global problems facing modern orthopedics. Prolonged antibiotic use may increase the risk of antimicrobial resistance, and inflammation caused by biofilms can obstruct tissue healing, making bone infection treatment even more challenging. The optimal treatment strategy combines immune response modification to promote osteogenesis with effective bacterial infection removal that does not require long-term antibiotic use.

Influencing factors of subjective well-being trajectory based on the group-based trajectory modeling (GBTM): Results from a healthy aging cohort study in Ma'anshan.

Aim: This study aimed to explore the trajectory and predictors of subjective well-being (SWB).

Methods: Elderly in Ma'anshan were followed up for 5 years. SWB was measured using the Memorial University of Newfoundland Scale of Happiness (MUNSH).

Matrix Background Screening of an ssDNA Aptamer and Its Identification Against Lactopontin.

Lactopontin (LPN) is a highly phosphorylated O-glycosylated acidic protein closely associated with infant gut, brain, and immune development, and its recognition is urgent due to its rising application in fortified dairy products and infant formula. In this study, an ssDNA aptamer against LPN was obtained, among which two kinds of matrix-background-assisted systematic evolution of ligands via exponential enrichment (SELEX) approaches were performed and compared. The direct approach was to utilize the sample matrix as the mixing-incubation background between the ssDNA library and LPN that can theoretically increase screening pressure and simulate practical application scenarios.

Analysis and functional validations of multiple cell death patterns for prognosis in prostate cancer.

Prostate cancer (PCa) has garnered significant attention due to its rising incidence, variable therapeutic outcomes, and the absence of reliable prognostic markers. The significance of different cell death patterns in tumor development underscores their potential as predictors of PCa prognosis. This study utilized The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) datasets to evaluate the prognostic capabilities of 15 cell death patterns and established a Cell Death Index (CDI) signature based on necrosis and cuproptosis-related genes.

PDIA2 is associated with the prognosis of prostate cancer, and downregulation of PDIA2 delays the progression of prostate cancer cells.

Protein Disulfide-Isomerase A2 (PDIA2) is a gene that encodes proteins, responsible for protein folding and modification within cells. The development and course of many disorders are intimately linked to the aberrant expression of PDIA2. Nevertheless, more research is necessary to fully understand PDIA2's biological significance in pan-cancer, notably in prostate cancer (PCa).

Development and evaluation of 3D composite scaffolds with piezoelectricity and biofactor synergy for enhanced articular cartilage regeneration.

The inability of articular cartilage to self-repair following injuries frequently precipitates osteoarthritis, profoundly affecting patients' quality of life. Given the limitations inherent in current clinical interventions, an urgent need exists for more effective cartilage regeneration methodologies. Previous studies have underscored the potential of electrical stimulation in cartilage repair, thus motivating the investigation of innovative strategies.

promotes glioma growth and temozolomide chemoresistance.

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Entrapment and Reactivation of Polysulfides in Conductive Amphiphilic Covalent Organic Frameworks Enabling Superior Capacity and Stability of Lithium-Sulfur Batteries.

Inhibiting the shuttle of polysulfides is of great significance for promoting the practical application of lithium-sulfur batteries (LSBs). Here, an imine-linked covalent organic framework@carbon nanotube (COF@CNT) interlayer composed of triazine and boroxine rings is constructed between the sulfur cathode and the separator for polysulfides reception and reutilization. The introduction of CNT imparts the conductor characteristic to the interlayer attributed to electron tunneling in thin COF shell, and creates a hierarchical porous architecture for accommodating polysulfides.

Investigating the therapeutic potential of hesperidin targeting CRISP2 in intervertebral disc degeneration and cancer risk mitigation.

Background: Intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD) can lead to disc herniation and spinal instability, sometimes requiring surgical intervention. Currently, estrogen has a potential protective effect on IDD, and estrogen is associated with an increased risk of some cancers, such as breast and endometrial cancer. Therefore, it is important to identify natural compounds that estrogen analogues treat IDD while reducing the risk of tumor development.

Research progress on platelets in glioma.

Gliomas are the most common primary neuroepithelial tumors of the central nervous system in adults, of which glioblastoma is the deadliest subtype. Apart from the intrinsically indestructible characteristics of glioma (stem) cells, accumulating evidence suggests that the tumor microenvironment also plays a vital role in the refractoriness of glioblastoma. The primary functions of platelets are to stop bleeding and regulate thrombosis under physiological conditions.

Can a simple 0-10 RheuMetric physician estimate of inflammatory activity (DOCINF) depict a detailed swollen joint count (SJC) as accurately as a DAS28 or CDAI in patients with rheumatoid arthritis?

Objective: To compare a 0-10 physician subglobal estimate of inflammatory activity (DOCINF) on a RheuMetric checklist to a formal swollen joint count (SJC) and other rheumatoid arthritis (RA) Core data set measures in a disease activity score 28 (DAS28), clinical disease activity index (CDAI), and simplified disease activity index (SDAI) in patients with RA, recognizing that RA measures, index scores and physician global assessment (DOCGL) may be elevated by joint damage and patient distress, independent of inflamamtory activity, and that formal joint counts are not recorded at most routine care visits.

Methods: A cross-sectional study at a routine care visit included a RheuMetric checklist completed by a rheumatologist, with four 0-10 visual numeric scales (VNS) for DOCGL, and three sub-global estimates for inflammatory activity (DOCINF), joint damage (DOCDAM), and patient distress (DOCDIS), e.g.

3D-printed silicate porous bioceramics promoted the polarization of M2-macrophages that enhanced the angiogenesis in bone regeneration.

The failure of bone regeneration has been considered as a serious problem that troubling patients for decades, most of which was resulted by the poor angiogenesis and chronic inflammation after surgery. Among multiple materials applied in the repair of bone defect, silicate bioceramics attracted researchers because of its excellent bioactivity. The purpose of this study was to detect the effect of specific bioactive glass ceramic (AP40, based on crystalline phases of apatite and wollastonite) on angiogenesis and the subsequent bone growth through the modulation of macrophages.

Single-cell transcriptomic atlas of taste papilla aging.

Taste perception is one of the important senses in mammals. Taste dysfunction causes significant inconvenience in daily life, leading to subhealth and even life-threatening condition. Aging is a major cause to taste dysfunction, while the underlying feature related to gustatory aging is still not known.