Prognostic prediction models for postoperative patients with stage I to III colorectal cancer based on machine learning.

Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is characterized by high heterogeneity, aggressiveness, and high morbidity and mortality rates. With machine learning (ML) algorithms, patient, tumor, and treatment features can be used to develop and validate models for predicting survival. In addition, important variables can be screened and different applications can be provided that could serve as vital references when making clinical decisions and potentially improving patient outcomes in clinical settings.

Exploring the potential causal effects of food preferences on irritable bowel syndrome risk: A two-sample Mendelian randomization study.

Objectives: Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a common disorder in gut-brain interaction. Diet plays an important role in the pathophysiology of IBS. Therefore, we aimed to explore the potential causal effects of food-liking on IBS to provide better diet advice for patients.

Prunolactones A-G, proangiogenic isocoumarin derivatives with an unusual 6/6/6/6/6 spiropentacyclic skeleton from the endophytic fungus Phomopsis prunorum.

Seven novel isocoumarins, prunolactones A-G (1-7), featuring an unusual 6/6/6/6/6 spiropentacyclic skeleton, together with two biosynthetic precursors phomopsilactone (8) and methyl 3-epi-shikimate (9), were isolated from the endophytic fungus Phomopsis prunorum guided by UPLC-QTOF-MS and H NMR spectroscopic analytical techniques. Their structures including absolute configurations of 1-7 were elucidated based on extensive spectroscopic data, X-ray diffraction analysis, and ECD calculations. Biogenetically, compounds 1-7 are proposed to be derived from polyketide and shikimate pathways via key intermolecular Diels - Alder reactions.

Helicobacter pylori infection is associated with reduced risk of Barrett's esophagus: a meta-analysis and systematic review.

Background: Helicobacter pylori (Hp) is a class I carcinogen in gastric carcinogenesis, but its role in Barrett's esophagus (BE) is unknown. Therefore, we aimed to explore the possible relationship.

Methods: We reviewed observational studies published in English until October 2019.

Effects of inhalation and propofol anaesthesia on postoperative cognitive dysfunction in elderly noncardiac surgical patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) is a very common event in elderly noncardiac surgical patients. The effects of inhalational anaesthetics and propofol on the incidence of POCD and postoperative cognitive status at different time points after surgery are currently unclear.

Methods: We searched the Embase, Medline, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science databases for randomized controlled trials (RCTs), in which inhalation anaesthesia and propofol anaesthesia were compared.

Epidemiological and clinical features of functional dyspepsia in a region with a high incidence of esophageal cancer in China.

Background: Functional dyspepsia (FD) has rarely been investigated in areas with a high prevalence of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). This study aims to reveal the epidemiological and clinical features of FD and organic dyspepsia (OD) in such a population.

Methods: A middle-aged and elderly population-based study was conducted in a region with a high incidence of ESCC.

Sex-based differences in fecal short-chain fatty acid and gut microbiota in irritable bowel syndrome patients.

Objective: To explore alterations in fecal short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) and gut microbiota in patients with diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel disease (IBS-D) and their relationships with clinical manifestations.

Methods: We recruited 162 patients with IBS-D and 66 healthy controls (HC). Their manifestations and psychological status were evaluated using the IBS severity scoring system and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS).

Berberine alleviates visceral hypersensitivity in rats by altering gut microbiome and suppressing spinal microglial activation.

Accumulating evidence shows that agents targeting gut dysbiosis are effective for improving symptoms of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). However, the potential mechanisms remain unclear. In this study we investigated the effects of berberine on the microbiota-gut-brain axis in two rat models of visceral hypersensitivity, i.

[Progresses on the effects and mechanisms of stress on gut microbiota].

Stress is the non-specific systemic response that occurs when the body is stimulated by various factors, and it can affect multiple systems of the body. Recent studies have shown that gut microbiota is an essential part of human microecology, and plays a pivotal role in keeping the body healthy. Stress can result in gut dysbiosis by affecting the function of intestinal mucosal barrier, intestinal immune and gastrointestinal motility.

Contributions and achievements on schistosomiasis control and elimination in China by NIPD-CTDR.

Being a zoonotic parasitic disease, schistosomiasis was widely spread in 12 provinces of Southern China in the 1950s, severly harming human health and hindering economic development. The National Institute of Parasitic Diseases at the Chinese Center for Diseases Control and Prevention, and Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research (NIPD-CTDR), as the only professional institution focussing on parasitic diseases at the national level, has played an important role in schistosomiasis control in the country. In this article, we look back at the changes of schistosomiasis endemicity and the contribution of NIPD-CTDR to the national schistosomiasis control programme.

Depression at Baseline Is an Independent Risk Factor for Cognitive Decline in Patients on Peritoneal Dialysis: A Multicenter Prospective Cohort Study.

Depression has been recognized as a risk factor for cognitive impairment (CI) from cross-sectional datasets. This multicenter prospective study investigated the association between depression and cognitive decline in peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients.This multicenter prospective cohort study included 458 PD patients who were followed up for 2 years.

Effect of the interleukin 10 polymorphisms on interleukin 10 production and visceral hypersensitivity in Chinese patients with diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome.

Background: Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), a functional gastrointestinal disorder, is characterized by cytokine imbalance. Previously, decreased plasma interleukin 10 (IL-10) level was reported in patients with IBS, which may be due to genetic polymorphisms. However, there are no reports correlating the IL-10 polymorphisms with IL-10 production in patients with IBS.

[Molluscicidal activity of 25% wettable powder of pyriclobenzuron sulphate against ].

Objective: To evaluate the molluscicidal activity of a novel molluscicide pyriclobenzuron against in the mountain regions of Yunan Province, and test its toxicity to fish, so as to provide scientific evidence for the extensive application of this molluscicide in schistosomiasis-endemic foci of Yunan Province.

Methods: In the laboratory and snail-breeding field of Dali Prefecture, Yunnan Province, the molluscicidal activity of 5% wettable powder of pyriclobenzuron sulphate (25% PBU) against was assessed by using the immersion and spraying method, and the acute toxicity of 25% PBU to carp fries was tested, while 25% wettable powder of niclosamide ethanolamine salt (50% WPNES) served as a control.

Results: The 1-, 2- and 3-day 25% PBU LC50 and LC90 values were 0.

A population-based survey of gastroesophageal reflux disease in a region with high prevalence of esophageal cancer in China.

Background: The exact relationship between gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) and esophageal squamous cell cancer (ESCC) is far from clarification. The aim of this study was to investigate the epidemiology of GERD in a region with high prevalence of ESCC in China.

Methods: A population-based, cross-sectional study was conducted in a high ESCC prevalent area, Anyang, Henan, China.

Characteristic dysbiosis of gut microbiota of Chinese patients with diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome by an insight into the pan-microbiome.

Background: Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is reported associated with the alteration of gut microbial composition termed as dysbiosis. However, the pathogenic mechanism of IBS remains unclear, while the studies of Chinese individuals are scarce. This study aimed to understand the concept of dysbiosis among patients with Chinese diarrhea-predominant IBS (IBS-D), as a degree of variance between the gut microbiomes of IBS-D population and that of a healthy population.

The Association of Cognitive Impairment with Peritoneal Dialysis-Related Peritonitis.

Research on the association between cognitive impairment (CI) and peritoneal dialysis (PD)-related peritonitis is limited. Therefore, we investigated whether CI contributed to the risk of PD-related peritonitis.This prospective cohort study enrolled 458 patients from 5 PD centers between 1 March 2013, and 30 November 2013, and continued until 31 May 2016.

Early life esophageal acid exposure reduces expression of NMDAR1 in the adult rat dorsal hippocampus and medial prefrontal cortex: Potential relationship with hyperlocomotion.

Objective: Early life esophageal acid exposure causes long-term molecular alterations in the rostral cingulate cortex; however, whether it induces behavioral changes remains unverified. Little is known about the molecular changes resulting from this event in the developing hippocampus and medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC). This study aimed to investigate the influence of early life esophageal acid exposure on spontaneous locomotor behavior and N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR), expression in these brain regions of adult rats.

Cognitive Changes in Peritoneal Dialysis Patients: A Multicenter Prospective Cohort Study.

Rationale & Objective: Cognitive impairment is an independent predictor of technique failure and mortality in patients on peritoneal dialysis (PD) therapy. We investigated changes in cognitive function and factors associated with it in this population.

Study Design: Multicenter prospective cohort study.

[Molluscicidal effect and mechanism of action of niclosamidate against ].

Objective: To evaluate the molluscicidal effect of niclosamidate against in laboratory and explore its mechanism by determining the enzyme activities of six important enzymes in snail soft tissues.

Methods: snails were treated with niclosamidate at the concentration of 1.25 mg/L for 24 h and the snail soft tissues were separated and prepared for analysis.

An association of cognitive impairment with diabetes and retinopathy in end stage renal disease patients under peritoneal dialysis.

Background: Diabetes and retinopathy have been considered as risk factors of cognitive impairment (CI) in previous studies. We investigated both of these two factors and their relationship with global and specific cognitive functions in end stage renal disease patients under peritoneal dialysis (PD).

Methods: In this multicenter cross-sectional study, 424 clinically stable patients were enrolled from 5 PD units, who performed PD for at least three months and completed fundoscopy examination if they had diabetes.

Performance of the Modified Mini-Mental State Examination (3MS) in Assessing Specific Cognitive Function in Patients Undergoing Peritoneal Dialysis.

Purpose: While Cognitive impairment (CI) has been identified as an independent risk factors for mortality in patients undergoing peritoneal dialysis (PD), it is inadequately assessed. We evaluated the applicability of the Modified Mini-Mental State Examination (3MS) in assessing specific cognitive function and compared it to a detailed neuropsychological test battery as the reference standard.

Methods: In this multicentric cross-sectional study, we enrolled 445 clinically stable patients from five PD units, who were undergoing PD for at least 3 months.

Protective effects of tranilast on oxazolone-induced rat colitis through a mast cell-dependent pathway.

Background: Mast cells in the gut play an important role in the innate and adaptive immune responses that are relevant to human inflammatory bowel disease. However, the contribution of mast cells to the development of inflammatory bowel disease is not well understood. This study aimed to determine the role of mast cells in oxazolone-induced colitis and to explore whether the mast cell membrane stabiliser tranilast could ameliorate colonic inflammation.